The objective of this work was to evaluate the reaction of biomass and saccharin sorghum genotypes to a isolate of the Ramulispora sorghi . The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications in a greenhouse. The variables analyzed were: area below the disease curve progress; lesion length (LL), lesions width (LW); normalized area below the curve of the lesion area expansion; incubation period and latency period. Data were submitted to analysis of variance, Pearson correlation and multivariate analysis based on Mahalanobis distance, using the Tocher and UPGMA clustering method. Significant differences were observed in the level of (p<0.01) and (p<0.05), for almost all variables analyzed. Of the 45 correlations, only 22 (48.89%) were significant by t-test, regardless of significance (p<0.01 or 0.05), where it was observed that in all significant correlations were positive, indicating that the reaction symptoms correlate between the variables evaluated. The groupings generated by the Tocher and UPGMA clustering method were in agreement to group genotypes with the same behavior in relation to reaction to Ramulispora sorghi . From the observed results, it was verified that all evaluated genotypes presented ramulispora spot symptoms, thus demonstrating their susceptibility to the pathogen.

Maize stalk rot can lead to major corn yield losses in Brazil and worldwide. Maize stalks exhibiting tiny black specks or light brown lesions were collected in the city of Luís Eduardo Magalhães. Based on morphological characteristics and molecular assays, the fungus was identified as Lasiodiplodia brasiliense . This is the first report of maize stalk rot caused by L. brasiliense .

RESUMO O insulinoma é um tumor das células β do pâncreas, que têm a função de produzir e secretar insulina e, geralmente são malignos em cães. O presente trabalho descreve o diagnóstico e o manejo terapêutico de três casos de insulinoma. Os sinais clínicos dos animais relatados variaram de acordo com a severidade e a duração da hipoglicemia. O diagnóstico presuntivo se deu através dos sinais clínicos e da dosagem de insulina sérica no momento de mais intensa hipoglicemia e, o diagnóstico definitivo foi obtido por meio de exame histopatológico nos três casos relatados. O tratamento realizado variou de acordo com a intensidade dos sinais clínicos.

RESUMO A dermatite alérgica à picada de ectoparasitos é uma enfermidade alergoparasitária bastante comum entre animais domésticos, sendo relatada principalmente em pequenos ruminantes e em animais de companhia. Contudo, a doença é pouco diagnosticada na clínica de equídeos devido a similaridades nosológicas com outras dermatopatias. Objetivou-se, com este relato de caso, descrever a síndrome clínica, o plano diagnóstico e a conduta terapêutica de um muar acometido por essa enfermidade. Atendeu-se, no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal Rural do Pernambuco, uma mula de oito anos de idade, que apresentava lesões cutâneas pápulo-crostosas e pruriginosas com evolução clínica de dois anos. Em três situações anteriores, a doença havia sido tratada como dermatite fúngica por outros médicos veterinários. Para o diagnóstico, foram solicitados exame citopatológico e parasitológico de pele, cultivo bacteriológico e fúngico, análise histopatológica e hemograma. Os exames demonstraram uma dermatite superficial perivascular eosinofílica crônica, sendo indicada a terapia tópica com dimetilsufóxido, sulfadiazina, ureia e vitamina A. O protocolo terapêutico mostrou-se satisfatório, permitindo completa remissão do quadro clínico. Este trabalho relatou achados clínicos e patológicos da dermatite alérgica à picada de Culicoides spp. em muar, além de alertar sobre a importância de exames complementares para a realização do diagnóstico diferencial e para o direcionamento terapêutico adequado.

Allergic dermatitis to ectoparasite bites is a common parasitic disease among domestic animals, being reported mainly in small ruminants and companion animals. However, the disease is poorly diagnosed in equine clinics due to nosological similarities with other skin diseases. The aim of this case report was to describe the clinical syndrome, the diagnostic plan and the therapeutic management of a mule affected by this disease. An 8-year-old mule was observed at Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, presenting papular-crusted and pruritic cutaneous lesions with clinical evolution of two years. In three previous situations, the disease had been treated as fungal dermatitis by other veterinarians. For the diagnosis, cytopathological and parasitological examination of the skin, bacteriological and fungal culture, histopathological analysis and blood count were performed. The exams showed a chronic eosinophilic perivascular superficial dermatitis. A topical therapy with dimethyl sulfoxide, sulfadiazine, urea, and vitamin A was indicated. The therapeutic protocol was satisfactory, allowing complete remission of the clinical condition. This work reported clinical and pathological findings of allergic dermatitis to the bites of Culicoides spp. in muar, in addition to alerting about the importance of complementary examinations for the accomplishment of the differential diagnosis and adequate therapeutic orientation.

Anthracnose stalk rot (ASR) disease caused by Colletotrichum graminicola can lead to major corn yield losses in Brazil.Studies on plant resistance and genetic variation in pathogen populations are required towards the development of ASR disease management strategies.However, the lack of adequate methods for C. graminicola inoculation in maize stalk has hindered these efforts.The main objective of the study was to develop a confident and feasible method for C. graminicola inoculation into maize stalk.Three inoculation methods were evaluated: TCMP (toothpick colonized by pathogen mycelium), TICS (toothpicks immersed in conidial suspension), and ICS (injection of conidial suspension).The effect of the internode position, the phenological stage, and the period of time required for maize reactions to ASR infection were also evaluated.The infection severity was assessed by a diagrammatic scale with six levels of severity from 0 (no necrotic spots) to 5 (100 % infection).The TICS was the best method, inoculation in the third internode and assessment of disease severity at tasselling stage (VT) 30 days after inoculation presented the more accurate results.The procedure was validated under field conditions.

0) e presença (1) no gel.Baseado na matriz, foi gerado um dendrograma

HomePlant DiseaseVol. 100, No. 12First Report of Phaeocytostroma ambiguum Causing Maize Stalk Rot in Brazil PreviousNext DISEASE NOTES OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Phaeocytostroma ambiguum Causing Maize Stalk Rot in BrazilF. M. Aguiar, F. E. Lanza, R. V. Costa, D. D. Silva, U. G. P. Lana, E. A. Guimarães, G. R. Gomes, and L. V. CotaF. M. AguiarSearch for more papers by this author, F. E. LanzaSearch for more papers by this author, R. V. CostaSearch for more papers by this author, D. D. SilvaSearch for more papers by this author, U. G. P. LanaSearch for more papers by this author, E. A. GuimarãesSearch for more papers by this author, G. R. GomesSearch for more papers by this author, and L. V. CotaSearch for more papers by this authorAffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations F. M. Aguiar F. E. Lanza R. V. Costa D. D. Silva U. G. P. Lana , Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brazil, 35701-970 E. A. Guimarães , Department of Biology, Federal University of Lavras, MG, Brazil, 37200-000 G. R. Gomes , Faculdades Santo Agostinho/FASASETE, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brazil, 35701-281 L. V. Cota , Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brazil, 35701-970. Published Online:26 Sep 2016https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-16-0533-PDNAboutSectionsSupplemental ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat Maize stalk (Zea mays L.) of three hybrids (2B512PW, 2B810PW, and DKB390PRO) showing external and internal disease symptoms—light brown lesions or blackening of lower internodes, and dark brown pith tissue—were collected from the central-west region of Brazil. The samples were collected in July 2015 and submitted to the plant pathology laboratory at the National Maize and Sorghum Research Center (CNPMS-EMBRAPA) located in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais. The symptoms were typical of maize stalk rot (SR) in Brazil, a disease mainly caused by the following fungi: Colletotrichum graminicola, Macrophomina phaseolina, Fusarium graminearum, F. verticillioides (syn. F. moniliforme), Stenocarpella macrospora, and S. maydis. To prepare the isolations, stalk fragments were removed from the surface bordering the lesions and disinfested in 0.5% sodium hypochlorite for 2 min before plating on an oatmeal agar medium (OMA) with tetracycline. Initially the colonies were white, similar to members of Stenocarpella. However, their alpha conidia had several distinguishing characteristics: medium brown; smooth, ellipsoid, to pyriform; widest in the middle, apex bluntly rounded, base truncate; and sizes ranging from 10 to 19 µm long and 4 to 6 µm wide (n = 50). These morphological characteristics are very similar to descriptions of Phaeocytostroma ambiguum (Mont.) Petrak (Lamprecht et al. 2011). Three monoconidial isolates (CFMS 1293, CFMS 1294, and CFMS 1295) recovered from different plants and locations were deposited in the Plant Pathogens Collection of CNPMS. For these three isolates, the DNA of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and that of the translation elongation factor 1-alpha gene (TEF) were sequenced (Carbone and Kohn 1999; White et al. 1990). All sequences were deposited in GenBank with accession nos. KU323506, KU323507, KU323508; and KU351846, KU351847, KU351848 for ITS and TEF, respectively. The isolates were 99% identical to P. ambiguum, accession nos. FR748044.1, FR748043.1 (ITS); and FR748066.1, FR748068.1 (TEF). To test pathogenicity, a toothpick immersed in the spore suspension (106 conidia ml–1) was inserted into the third internode (disinfected with 70% alcohol) of maize plants in the tasseling stage. Three maize hybrids P3646YH, P30F53YH, and DKB390PRO were inoculated with the isolates CFMS 1292 and CFMS 1295, in addition to three plants without the fungi (control). In the evaluation performed 30 days later, the inoculated maize plants showed typical SR symptoms, and the morphological features of the fungi that were reisolated were identical to those of the P. ambiguum isolates used for the inoculation, thus fulfilling Koch’s postulates. The experiments were performed twice, and in both cases, the control plants did not exhibit disease symptoms. Although P. ambiguum is reported to cause maize SR in Australia, Bulgaria, France, North America, Tanzania, and South Africa (Bobev et al. 2016; Farr and Rossman 2016), to our knowledge, this is the first report of maize SR caused by P. ambiguum in Brazil, which is the world’s third-largest producer of maize with a planted area of 15.7 million ha. Hence, this report has great importance for the correct identification of the pathogen associated with maize SR in Brazil, and for the development of appropriate management strategies for controlling this disease.References:Bobev, S. G., et al. 2016. Plant Dis. 100:1237. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-11-15-1327-PDN Link, ISI, Google ScholarCarbone, I., and Kohn, L. M. 1999. Mycologia 91:553. https://doi.org/10.2307/3761358 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarFarr, D. F., and Rossman, A. Y. 2016. Fungal Databases, Syst. Mycol. Microbiol. Lab., ARS, USDA. Retrieved 4 March 2016 from http://nt.ars-grin.gov/fungaldatabases/ Google ScholarLamprecht, S. C., et al. 2011. IMA Fungus 2:13. Crossref, Google ScholarWhite, T. J., et al. 1990. Page 315 in: PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego. Google ScholarDetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 100, No. 12 December 2016SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 Metrics Article History Issue Date: 3 Nov 2016Published: 26 Sep 2016First Look: 3 Aug 2016Accepted: 22 Jul 2016 Pages: 2528-2528 Information© 2016 The American Phytopathological SocietyCited byPhaeocytostroma ambiguum (stalk rot: maize)CABI Compendium, Vol. CABI CompendiumFirst Report of Stalk Rot of Maize Caused by Phaeocytostroma ambiguum in the Iberian PeninsulaA. de la Riva, A. B. García-Carneros, and L. Molinero-Ruiz29 January 2020 | Plant Disease, Vol. 104, No. 4

A ferrugem polissora e considerada uma das principais doencas da cultura do milho no Brasil, podendo reduzir em mais de 50% a produtividade da cultura. A resistencia genetica e tem sido a medida de controle amplamente utilizada para o controle desta doenca. No entanto, a elevada variabilidade genetica do patogeno tem dificultado o seu controle atraves do uso da resistencia. Nos ultimos anos o uso de fungicidas tem sido adotado para o controle das doencas foliares na cultura do milho, com varios produtos sendo registrados para o controle da ferrugem polissora. Apesar disso, sao escassos, na literatura, trabalhos sobre a eficiencia do uso de fungicidas no controle desta doenca, principalmente devido ao seu carater sazonal. No presente trabalho foi avaliada a eficiencia do efeito protetor de fungicidas no controle da ferrugem polissora, utilizando-se inoculacoes artificiais do fungo em casa de vegetacao, e o efeito destes produtos na germinacao e viabilidade dos uredosporos em experimentos in vitro. Todos os fungicidas avaliados foram eficientes em controlar a ferrugem polissora em condicao de inoculacao artificial em casa de vegetacao. Alem disso, os fungicidas testados tambem foram eficientes em tornar inviaveis os uredosporos em experimento in vitro.

Diabetes insipidus e uma desordem poliurica primaria com polidipsia compensatoria. E classificada em diabetes insipidus central (sintese ou secrecao deficiente de vasopressina) ou diabetes insipidus nefrogenico (quando a producao de vasopressina e normal, porem os rins apresentam uma resposta deficiente as suas acoes). Os principais sintomas clinicos sao poliuria e polidipsia, que geralmente sao unicos, mas podem haver outros sintomas associados a causa subjacente.

Bacterial isolates from sorghum plants showing leaf spot symptoms were identified through molecular and phenotypic traits, showing that the isolates belong to Pantoea ananatis. Sorghum plants inoculated with those isolates showed a pathogenic reaction. The causal agent was reisolated and Koch’s postulates were fulfilled. This is the first report of P. ananatis causing leaf spots on sorghum plants in Brazil.