Describe imaging features of intraosseous hemangiomas located outside of the mobile spine and calvarium. Imaging and medical records were retrospectively reviewed for cases of intraosseous hemangiomas located outside of the calvarium and mobile spine. Evaluation included patient demographics, histologic confirmation, and imaging characteristics. Thirty-six patients were included (25 F, 11 M; mean age 54 ± 17 years, range 10–84 years) with 37 total lesions (70

AIM: To determine whether the aetiology differed between typical cases of lipoma arborescens with unilateral knee involvement and atypical cases involving joints other than the knee, polyarticular disease, and disease outside of the knee joint.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cases of lipoma arborescens involving the knee joint were evaluated for the distribution of the disease and severity of degenerative arthritis. Joints other than the knee were evaluated for the presence and severity of degenerative arthritis, and the distribution was classified as either intra-articular, extra-articular, or both. Clinical history was reviewed for patient age at presentation, a history of inflammatory arthritis, diabetes mellitus, and known steroid use. Fisher's exact test was used to determine whether there was a statistically significant difference between typical and atypical presentations of the disease.RESULTS: Lipoma arborescens was identified in 45 joints in 39 patients. Twenty-eight patients were classified as "typical" and 11 patients had "atypical" disease. There was no significant difference in age at presentation, presence of degenerative arthritis, or known inflammatory arthritis when comparing typical and atypical presentations of the disease.CONCLUSION: Twenty-eight percent of patients in the present study had atypical presentation of lipoma arborescens with multifocal lipoma arborescens or disease in joints other than the knee. There was no significant difference in age at presentation, presence of degenerative arthritis, or known inflammatory arthritis when comparing typical and atypical presentations of the disease. Of the 39 patients, only three had no evidence of degenerative arthritis, which suggests that many cases of lipoma arborescens are secondary to chronic reactive change in association with degenerative arthritis. (C) 2013 The Royal College of Radiologists. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Lipomas are the most commonly occurring mesenchymal tumors. We report a technique used to manage a patient with a large dumbbell-shaped pelvic lipoma passing through the obturator foramen. Using the combined expertise of an orthopedic and pelvic surgeon, successful and safe removal of this benign dumbbell-shaped pelvic lipoma was achieved.

Musculoskeletal manifestations of lymphoma cover a broad spectrum of disease findings with varying degrees of involvement of bone and soft tissue. This pictorial essay will illustrate and review the range of manifestations of lymphoma of the musculoskeletal system. Several unique cases of soft tissue lymphoma will be included to aid with the less familiar and atypical imaging features. Knowledge of the multitude of radiographic manifestations of the disease is critical for enhanced detection, improved diagnostic accuracy and treatment planning, and avoidance of imaging pitfalls.

OBJECTIVE:To describe the imaging findings in eight cases of unilateral tensor fascia lata (TFL) hypertrophy presenting as soft tissue masses.DESIGN:Imaging studies and medical charts of eight patients were reviewed retrospectively. The imaging studies included five radiographs, five computed tomography (CT) and six magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations.RESULTS:The majority of patients (seven of eight) presented with a palpable proximal anterior thigh mass. One patient was asymptomatic and incidentally diagnosed. There were six females and two males. Ages ranged from 27 to 86 years old (mean 61). MRI and CT showed unilateral enlargement of the TFL muscle in all cases.CONCLUSION:TFL muscle hypertrophy is an uncommon clinical entity, which can simulate a soft tissue tumor. The characteristic appearance on CT or MRI allows a confident diagnosis of muscle hypertrophy to be made, avoiding unnecessary biopsy or surgical intervention.

The benign vascular tumors of bone represent a diverse group of tumors that can present with a broad spectrum of clinical signs and symptoms. They can also present a significant diagnostic challenge due to their widely variable radiographic imaging and histologic features. Some of the tumors manifest as clearly benign lesions with tissue-specific diagnostic imaging features, while others have non-specific imaging features that may simulate malignant neoplasm. This article will provide a review of the nomenclature and the characteristic radiographic and pathologic features of the benign vascular lesions of bone. The information will aid in improving our diagnostic accuracy and enhance our understanding of the biologic potential of this diverse group of osseous lesions.

Clear cell sarcoma is a rare soft tissue neoplasm, accounting for less than 1% of soft tissue sarcomas. We are presenting a case of a clear cell sarcoma of bone which, to our - knowledge, is the only report of a , primary clear cell sarcoma of bone.

We describe two patients who had episodic elbow snapping and ulnar nerve dysesthesias only after weightlifting. These symptoms would disappear soon afterward. The episodic nature of their complaints and findings led to misdiagnosis. We documented by repeated clinical examinations and magnetic resonance imaging that the presence of these symptoms correlated directly with the finding of intermittent, activity-related snapping of the medial triceps. In both patients, the symptoms disappeared when the medial portion of the triceps migrated medially but did not dislocate over the medial epicondyle with elbow flexion. Thus, a minor change in the configuration of the medial portion of the triceps (fluid accumulation) in the same individual at different times can cause intermittent dislocation of the medial triceps. Previous papers dealing with patients with snapping of the medial triceps describe symptoms exacerbated by athletic activities, but the constant finding of snapping on sequential examinations.

BACKGROUND. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of bone, a relatively rare primary malignant neoplasm occurring in bone, is a distinct clinicopathologic entity formerly included in the category of osteosarcoma or fibrosarcoma. A series of patients treated at the Mayo Clinic for malignant fibrous histiocytoma of bone was studied to determine whether the prognosis for this disease is different from that of osteosarcoma and whether treatment should he different, METHODS. The bone tumor files of the Mayo Clinic were reviewed for examples of malignant fibrous histiocytoma of bone. Clinical records and histologic slides were reviewed for 81 patients. Roentgenograms of 13 patients were available for review. RESULTS, Patients with malignant fibrous histiocytoma of bone ranged in age from 6 to 81 years, The region most commonly affected was the knee, Seventy-eight percent of the lesions arose de novo and 22% in preexisting conditions. Histologically, most of the rumors were classified as the storiform pleomorphic type, although other histologic subtypes were identified. The prognosis depended on the types of surgical margins involved. Patients with wide or radical margins had a better prognosis than patients in whom the margins were contaminated. Some patients who received radiation therapy alone became long term survivors. CONCLUSIONS, The overall prognosis for patients with malignant fibrous histiocytoma was not found to be significantly different from that described for patients with osteosarcoma in recent series, However, at least in this small series, some patients with malignant fibrous histiocytoma had a good response to radiation therapy. Osteosarcoma is generally considered radioresistant. (C) 1997 American Cancer Society.

UNLABELLED:An analysis of patients with proven Langerhans' cell histiocytosis (LCH) was undertaken with the aim of evaluating the role of bone scintigraphy in the diagnosis and staging of LCH.METHODS:Radiographic skeletal surveys and whole-body bone scintigraphy study results were reviewed for all patients treated at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota during 1965-1994 with histologic proven LCH. All available studies were then reported in a randomized and blinded fashion.RESULTS:Of the 73 patients with the histologic diagnosis, 56 (76%) had a definite lesion reported on radiographs and subsequent biopsy-proven bone involvement. For this population, the sensitivity and specificity of radiographic survey were 100% and 61%, respectively, compared to 91% and 55% for bone scintigraphy. Solitary bone lesions were reported on 21 radiographic surveys and 24 bone scintigrams. For solitary lesions, radiograph sensitivity and specificity were 95% and 73%, respectively, compared to 88% and 77% for bone scintigraphy. Bone scintigraphy receiver operating characteristic curves showed the region of greatest diagnostic accuracy to be skull, facial bones and mandible (88% sensitivity, 52% specificity). Radiation dosimetry to adult reproductive organs was less favorable for radiographic skeletal survey compared to bone scintigraphy.CONCLUSION:Our results support the use of radiographic skeletal survey in the initial diagnosis of LCH. Bone scintigraphy may have a role in monitoring a patient's progress in which the initial scintigram and radiographic survey show good correlation.