Allocation of professional and classified staff in libraries is a complex, sensitive process. In academic libraries, expenditures for human resources total 54% of overall budgets. 1 Effective and efficient utilization of all staff is a primary requisite in the organization and delivery of quality bibliographic services to faculty and students. Assuming sufficient numbers of qualified personnel are available, they need to be assigned or allocated to appropriate bibliographic units within the library or library system. In the planning process, we strive to insure that the "right number of people with the right skills are available at the right time and place." 2

Leadership for scientific and technical libraries of the future encompasses a variety of attributes. A sense of vision is critical. Effective communication skills underlie other key attributes. The leader is able to anticipate the future and willing to make necessary adjustments or changes in the existing organizational patterns, processes, or structure to meet user informational needs of the future.

Librarians join many professional associations and work on a great number of professional committees over the course of their careers. Working on a committee as a member can be a challenge, and the challenges can be even greater if you are chairing the committee. The authors summarize some of the key points for planning and executing effective and enjoyable meetings. Get tips as well on how to follow through to get results and how to improve future meetings.

Key Web sites to facilitate successful research T his article focuses on key Web sites for sports research at national and interna tional levels.As the list of sports is extensive, some sports are not represented

Introductory Comments This presentation examines the predictions for “The Academic Library of the Future,” as noted in Rethinking Reference in Academic Libraries, a seminal book on reference services in academic libraries published in 1993.1 These predictions are examined within the context of a reference services model originally proposed in “The Changing Nature of Reference and Information Services,” published in Reference & User Services Quarterly in 1999.2 In the late 1980s, academic library administrators questioned reference service efficacy. In “Shaking the Conceptual Foundations of Reference: A Perspective,” Jerry Campbell, the University Librarian at Duke University, examined reference services from practical and economic perspectives. He asserted the reference services “model cannot survive the information age. The user community is growing too rapidly. It has too many questions. Our libraries have too little money. More important, our users themselves are gradually changing; they are coming to expect something different. They want information quickly, and they want it delivered to them. Increasingly they want it delivered in electronic form. Reference as we know it places a person between the public and the information.” Mr. Campbell suggested reference librarians needed to become “access engineers.”3 By 1991 and 1992, libraries were involved in extensive examinations of reference services and organizational structures. Teams and team-based organizational structures were examined and embraced by a significant number of academic librarians and institutions. Total Rethinking Reference: Shaken Foundations, Predictions, and What Really Happened Between 1988 and 2005

SUMMARY Postmodern ideas, practices, and perspectives are being integrated into the organizational cultures of science/technology libraries. Librarians are increasingly likely to be working with other librarians as well as faculty who are more comfortable with ambiguity, integration, collaboration, deconstruction, uncertainty, chaos, and fluid systems. These postmodern professionals are integrators and synthesizers, focused on learning, and uncomfortable with control and rigid or inflexible boundaries. Leadership in science/technology libraries needs this infusion of postmodern influences to be responsive to the dynamic information needs of all customers. This article focuses on the importance and implications of these postmodern influences.

The vitality and relevance of academic libraries are at stake as a result of dramatic budget reductions and ongoing changes in the use of libraries. Academic librarians who are more aware of the realities and uncertainties of the political context in which their libraries exist are more likely to succeed. This article explores the ambiguities, realities, and implications of the academic library's political environment and suggests strategies to be politically effective.

Les bibliotheques universitaires, aux Etats-Unis, courrent le risque d'etre desertees par les etudiants et le personnel enseignant: leurs bibliothecaires doivent aller dans les bureaux, laboratoires, salles de cours, devenant ainsi des consultants en information

International students and scholars on campuses in the United States constitute a complex, diverse, and rapidly growing population that must be served effectively by academic libraries. This article examines cultural differences with a focus on communication processes and styles, and recommends ways to accommodate cross-cultural differences in information services. The article includes a survey of relevant literature and draws on the results of a series of focus groups conducted at Harvard University, the Georgia Institute of Technology, Portland State University, and one of the annual conferences of the American Library Association.

Information consulting is essential to the success, lasting impact, and viability of academic libraries. Traditional liaison programs, while helpful, are too passive and lack impact. Topics such as the driving forces behind the need for information consulting, the implications of implementing a consulting program, and the elements of successful consulting are explored.

L'apprentissage est un processus tant individuel que collaboratif, necessitant des efforts tant individuels que collectifs. Les communautes d'apprentissage, structures scolaires fondees sur la collaboration et l'interdisciplinarite, permettent de passer de l'enseignement a l'apprentissage. Plusieurs exemples issus d'universites americaines illustrent la variete et l'etendue de ces initiatives educatives novatrices, qui beneficient aux etudiants et aux bibliotheques universitaires, dont l'A. rappelle l'implication dans le processus.

This article reports on the Heads of Science & Technology Libraries Discussion Group meeting at ALA Midwinter, January 14, 2001.

Here we examine the accuracy and relevance of the predictions made in "The Reference Librarian of the Future: A Scenario," an article published in RQ in 1985. We also discuss the evolution of reference service over the past fifteen years. In this analysis, three distinct periods emerge: the classical period, the experimental period, and the eclectic period. We also explore such topics as reference services, the roles and responsibilities of: reference librarians, organizational structures, leadership, information technologies, and information access.

Experience realisee par les bibliothecaires du campus de Georgia Tech (Georgia Institute of Technology) lors de l'utilisation de ce campus comme village olympique lors des jeux de 1996 a Atlanta

The continued exponential growth of the price-performance of computing is likely to effectuate technologies that radically transform both the global economy and the human condition over the course of this century. Conventional visions of the next 50 years fail to realistically account for the full implications of accelerating technological change driven by the exponential growth of computing, and as a result are deeply flawed. These flawed visions are, in part, a consequence of three interrelated errors in reasoning: 1) the linear projection fallacy, 2) the ceteris paribus fallacy, and 3) the arrival fallacy. Each of these informal fallacies is likely a manifestation of shortcomings in our intuitions about complex dynamic systems. Recognizing these errors and identifying when and where they affect our own reasoning is an important first step toward thinking more realistically about the future.

With capable assistance and formal training, the humanities or social sciences librarian can provide effective bibliographic services in a science-engineering library. Essential skills employed in the intellectual process of collection development can be refined and applied. Quality of reference assistance is not necessarily reduced by the absence of academic credentials in the scientific or technical disciplines.