The whole research projects that concern the concentrated photovoitaic (CPV) are systematically about the yield improvement of the cell. The positioning of the work presented here is at the cell interconnections for achieving a stable DC bus to extract the maximum power from individual cells. This architecture minimizes interactions and limitations between cells and string. The main goal is to replace cell interconnection by a high-gain boost-mirror, in order to improve the energy efficiency of CPV installations. This paper presents both, the new global architecture and the structural optimization of a DC-DC converter for concentrated photovoltaic power plant. After the presentation of the architecture used for CPV power plant, a reference converter and a boost-mirror are presented. Both converters are sized to the field of CPV power plant (capacitors, intercellular transformer, control etc.). Then the optimization of the complete converter is presented.

The development of microgrids improves the effective integration of Distributed Generation (DG), especially Renewable Energy Sources (RES). Due to the intermittency of electricity production from renewable energies such as solar or wind, Energy Storage System (ESS) is important to achieve higher flexibility and reliability of network. The massive development of smart grid should take into consideration the following issues such as modeling, monitoring and management. This paper presents the advantages and drawbacks of two PV modeling methods and their performance. The first approach is based on manufacturer datasheet, whereas the second is based on the full range of the experimental I-V curve to determinate PV model parameters. First, we present a detailed description of our experimental microgrid named "Rivesaltes-Grid". Then, we focus on the models and experimental measurements of the Distributed Generation (DG): PV car parks. Finally, we conclude and discuss the performance of the models and the future perspectives.

The development of microgrids improves the effective integration of Distributed Generation (DG), especially Renewable Energy Sources (RES). Due to the intermittency of electricity production from renewable energies such as solar or wind, Energy Storage System (ESS) is important to achieve higher flexibility and reliability of network. The massive development of smart grid should take into consideration the following issues such as modeling, monitoring and management. This paper presents the microgrid modelling which is used to manage it optimally. This microgrid consists of distributed generation, storage system, loads, communication and control system. The proposed microgrid management strategies to minimize operating cost are based on a Dynamic Programming (DP) algorithm. They are implemented with a load control scheduling for controllable loads such as the Electric Vehicle (EV) charging. The developed DP algorithm generates a two-days microgrid control scheduling to optimize an objective function. The control parameters are the battery power and the activation of the controllable loads considering their constraints. In the first part, we detail our experimental microgrid named "Rivesaltes-Grid". In the second part, we focus on the models of the microgrid components: PV array, Lithium Battery, Electric Vehicle and Loads. In the third part, we present our first management strategies based on DP. Finally, we conclude and present the future perspectives.

Photovoltaic power plants are more and more numerous all over the planet. In France, profit of PV power plants is done by a fixed buying back price of electricity. Until year 2020 the repurchase price of electricity will be constant, then variability of electricity will begin. Thus, to keep PV power plant profitable, a new management model is necessary. This model includes resource prediction, fault detection and management of maintenance and servicing to maximize energy production. This paper focus only on the fault detection. In a first part, we present I(V) tracers with some original characteristics (2 quadrant measurements, simplicity and almost insensitive to environmental parameters). Then, we focus on electrical signatures of PV array defaults. Finally, we conclude this paper with the perspective of a full fault detection system in PV power plant.

This paper presents a hybrid solar irradiance forecasting to assist management of an isolated microgrid powered by photovoltaic systems (PV) and equipped with an energy storage system (ESS), lithium-ion batteries, and electrical vehicle (EV). Accurate production forecasting is needed to reduce the uncertainty of photovoltaic array caused by solar irradiance intermittency and control optimally the microgrid: schedule production, storage and load to maximize renewable resources production, ESS lifetime and minimize the utilization costs. The energy management system (EMS) must take into account the uncertainty of the forecasting models (electricity production and demand) to elaborate control strategies. The short-term solar forecasting (from 30 minutes up to 6 hours) is based on satellite data (visible (VIS) and infrared (IR) channels) coupled with an auto-regressive model. First of all, we describe the experimental microgrid "Rivesaltes-Grid". Then we present the clear sky model used and its assessment. Moreover, the forecasting method is detailed with the results for seven locations. Finally, we conclude and discuss the performance of this forecasting model and the future perspectives. The short-term prediction algorithm will be integrated into La Compagnie du Vent's computer system. It will be used for microgrid management but also in the future perspectives for the sale of electricity from photovoltaic power plants on the intraday market.

Les systemes de freecooling existent dans des centres de calculs de grandes dimensions ou les flux d'air sont parfaite-ment maitrises. L'originalite du projet est de realiser et demontrer qu'un systeme de freecooling peut etre efficace dans une piece technique ou les flux d'air ne sont pas canalises. Pedagogiquement, le probleme sera aborde sous forme d'un projet client-fournisseurs, le client etant represente par le service informatique et les fournisseurs par les etudiants. Les matieres abordees seront informatique industrielle, electronique embarquee, les bases de donnees, la programmation et les reseaux informatiques Mots cles : Informatique industrielle, electronique embarquee, freecooling, centre de donnees, base de donnees, python.

In this work, we develop a radio-frequency oscillator operating near the 434 MHz-centered ISM band to validate the temperature compensated capability of HBAR based on combining LiNbO3 and Quartz single crystal plates for such purposes. Electrical and thermoelectric characterizations have shown QF product in excess of 1013 and a third order frequency-temperature behavior. A phase noise better than -160dBc/Hz at 100kHz has been measured as well as a -165dBc/Hz level at 1MHz from the carrier. First results showing that the resonator stability is better than 10-9 under room conditions. Further work is expected to lower that level well below 10-10.

In this work, we investigate the use of laterally coupled filters based on thinned single crystal LiNbO3 layers bonded on AT-Quartz substrates for the stabilization of feedback-loop oscillators operating near 1 GHz and above. The resonator exploits dispersion properties as well as the presence of a thick resonating structure (i.e. the substrate) to enhance the lateral coupling between two resonators placed very close to one another to favor their modal interaction. Design rules are reported to optimize the resonator temperature coefficient of frequency (TCF). Finally, a feed-back-loop-based oscillator is built near 1.6GHz, exhibiting a phase noise better than - 130dBc/Hz at 10kHz from the carrier.

This work is devoted to the development of laterally coupled filters built on compound single crystal substrates. High overtone bulk acoustic resonators are built on LiNbO3 thinned films bonded on thick LiNbO3 or Quartz substrates. Two resonators are coupled via a narrow gap between their electrodes, yielding the possibility for their modes to interact and to produce coupled mode resonance conditions. The coupling efficiency is shown to be dependent on the frequency (wavelength), yielding well defined coupled-mode filters at intermediate frequencies (300-800 MHz) and single mode transfer functions above 1 GHz. The implementation of an oscillator stabilized by such a filter at 1.7 GHz is demonstrated.

In this work, we propose a pressure sensor fabricated on compound LiNbO3/Silicon/Silicon substrates obtained by Au/Au bonding at room temperature and double face lapping/polishing of LiNbO3/silicon stack and a final gold bonding with a structured silicon wafer. Sensitivity of the final sensor to bending moments then is tested and results show pressure sensitivity of such devices.

In this paper, we present a new approach for the fabrication and use of thinned single crystal films for the development of radio-frequency temperature compensated devices. We particularly focus on High-overtone bulk acoustic resonators (HBAR) for oscillator stabilization, taking advantage of the very high quality factors achievable with such devices. We obtained a good agreement between simulation and experiments. This paper shows the possibility to obtain device which is intrinsically low sensitive to thermal effects, and even allowing a second order compensation thanks to the Quartz thermal stability.

Interface acoustic waves (IAWs) propagate along the boundary between two perfectly bonded solids. For a leakage- free IAW, all displacement fields must be evanescent along the normal to the boundary inside both solids, but leaky IAWs may also exist depending on the selected combination of materials. When at least one of the bonded solids is a piezoelectric material, the IAW can be excited by an interdigital transducer (IDT) located at the interface, provided one can fabricate the transducer and access the electrical contacts. We discuss here the fabrication and characterization of IAW resonators made by indirect bonding of lithium niobate onto silicon via an organic layer. In our fabrication process, IDTs are first patterned over the surface of a Y-cut lithium niobate wafer. A thin layer of SU-8 photo-resist is then spun over the IDTs and lithium niobate to a thickness below one micrometer. The SU-8-covered lithium niobate wafer then is bonded to a silicon wafer. The stack is subsequently cured and baked to enhance the acoustic properties of the interfacial resist. Measurements of resonators are presented, emphasizing the dependence of propagation losses on the resist properties. Comparison with theoretical computations based on periodic finite element/boundary element analysis allows for explanation of the actual operation of the device.