The chapter defines expert testimony as it occurs in legal proceedings in the United States and in other English-speaking countries. It explains the different types of litigation, including criminal proceedings, juvenile court dependency and delinquency proceedings, civil litigation and administrative (professional discipline) cases. The chapter explains how medical professionals qualify for expert status, how testimony is adduced and applied, discovery and pretrial proceedings, likely cross examination, and confidentiality issues. It explains how expert testimony is influenced by law and by the policies adopted by professional societies. It also discusses standards for responsible expert testimony. The chapter also includes advice on the effective and proper preparation and delivery of professional opinions in litigation.

The outcome of injury was determined in 317 children who were brought to a children's trauma center with a history from the caretaker that the child had fallen. Cases in which the clinicians' judgment was that an incorrect history had been given were included along with cases in which the history was not questioned. Seven deaths occurred in 100 children who fell 4 feet or less. One death occurred in 117 children who fell 10 feet to 45 feet. The 7 children who died in short falls all had other factors in their cases which suggested false histories. When children incur fatal injuries in falls of less than 4 feet, the history is incorrect. Long falls with an outdoor component are likely to be reliable data points for studies of children's injuribility.

An oral-facial dyskinesia, symmetrical acute quadriplegia, and mild cerebral spinal fluid pleocytosis with fever are described in a 20-month-old boy who had positive stool cultures and neutralizing serum titers of 1:2,048 for poliomyelitis virus type 3. It is proposed that this unusual involuntary movement disorder was caused by the poliomyelitis virus type 3.

1. Thirteen boys are described who present a syndrome of chronic suppurative lymphadenitis, chronic dermatitis, chronic pulmonary disease, and hepatosplenomegaly, with an eventually fatal outcome. 2. The cases described appear to have the same basic disorder as those previously reported by Landing and Shirkey and by Bridges, Berendes, and Good. 3. Despite the frequent finding of hypergammaglobulinemia, no defect of antibody synthesis has been demonstrated. 4. The existence of an as yet unidentified physiological defect common to these patients is suggested.

Introduction An infant with clinical and radiologic features of Hurler's disease, but with "foam-cell" histiocytosis of the viscera, has been briefly reported by Craig et al, 1 and a similar patient was described by Norman et al 2 as having "Tay-Sachs disease with visceral involvement." Both these patients showed, in addition to visceral histiocytosis and involvement of neurons by a ballooning process resembling that seen in Tay-Sachs disease, a distinctive cytoplasmic swelling of glomerular epithelium. A suggestively similar patient has been described by San Filippo et al 3 as having "an unusual storage disease resembling the Hunter-Hurler Syndrome"; only biopsies of bone marrow, lymph nodes and liver were studied pathologically in this patient. On the basis of preliminary study of four of the patients reported in this paper, the disease from which they suffer was called "pseudo-Hurler disease" by Landing and Rubinstein. 4 The purpose of this paper is

Introduction An infant with clinical and radiologic features of Hurler's disease, but with foam-cell histiocytosis of the viscera, has been briefly reported by Craig et al, 1 and a similar patient was described by Norman et al 2 as having with visceral involvement. Both these patients showed, in addition to visceral histiocytosis and involvement of neurons by a ballooning process resembling that seen in Tay-Sachs disease, a distinctive cytoplasmic swelling of glomerular epithelium. A suggestively similar patient has been described by San Filippo et al 3 as having an unusual storage resembling the Hunter-Hurler Syndrome; only biopsies of bone marrow, lymph nodes and liver were studied pathologically in this patient. On the basis of preliminary study of four of the patients reported in this paper, the from which they suffer was called pseudo-Hurler disease by Landing and Rubinstein. 4 The purpose of this paper is

Although measles (rubeola) and canine distemper must still be considered as distinct clinical entities, there appear to be certain clear-cut relationships between these diseases. Both are characterized by a high degree of contagiousness and have almost identical incubation periods in their respective natural hosts, man and dog. The striking symptoms in both diseases are largely respiratory and consist of fever, cough, coryza, and conjunctivitis. Characteristic rashes are evident, and in the animal they are seen around the mouth and on the chin and abdomen. Demyelinating encephalitis occurs in both measles and distemper in a small proportion of the cases. The most striking similarities may be seen in the pathologic and immunologic findings, which will be the main points to be emphasized in this paper. Both diseases are caused by viruses, the basic characteristics of which are not fully understood and may prove to be different in many fundamental respects, such