Building on broad discussions between many universities, this paper presents a research agenda based on a holistic, comprehensive view of the issues. It proposes that our infrastructure is a system of systems involving different technical manifestations and social organisations. The implication is that we need a fundamental reconsideration of how we look at system design, away from traditional disciplinary considerations and toward a multi-domain, multi-disciplinary effort. To this end, it proposes an agenda of:comparative analyses across infrastructures and political structures, that would identify commonalities and larger lessonscreation of integrated socio-technical models that usefully describe the interactions between the technical infrastructure and its social contextmethodological efforts, aimed largely at capturing the network characteristics, both technical and social, of the infrastructure system of systemsexplicit testing and evaluation of the research through programs of collaboration with practitioners and governmental organisations.

The world economy is served by a set of critical infrastructures in areas such as transportation, power, communication, water, and energy. In the past, infrastructure design used traditional engineering design approaches, which focused primarily on the technical requirements. This paper describes how next generation infrastructures should be treated as large-scale complex engineering systems requiring different frameworks, methodologies and design principles. Next generation infrastructure development requires a holistic perspective which includes organizational and contextual factors in addition to technical factors as an integral part of the design process. We propose different design approaches, utilizing uncertainty management, which are based on sustainability as an over-arching design principle. Particular attention in the paper is given to security considerations and the development of self-monitoring intelligent infrastructure.

This chapter contains sections titled: Questions of Approach, Criteria for Assessing Public Policy toward the Auto Industry, Conclusions on Public Policy Options, Summary, Acknowledgments

A new shape for the world auto industry emerges from this far-ranging study, which reveals a path of development quite different from those widely forecast and leaves no doubt that the changes ahead will be dramatic.Cited by Business Week as one of 1984's ten best books on business and economics, The Future of the Automobile is the most comprehensive assessment ever conducted of the world's largest industry. It is a collaborative study by leading researchers and industry experts in Japan, Germany, France, Italy, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States that covers the industry at the firm level and at the global level. It projects the composition of the industry 20 years hence, estimates long-term demand for the product, focuses on the growing cooperation between producers on individual models even as overall competition in the industry intensifies, and reveals alternative paths for industrial relations.Alan Altshuler is Dean of the Graduate School of Public Administration at New York University. Daniel Roos is Director of the Center for Transportation Studies and Professor of Civil Engineering at MIT where Martin Anderson and James Womack also teach. Daniel Jones teaches at the University of Sussex.

This volume is a report on the state of the automobile and the auto industry and their future prospects based on the findings of the program. It is not a consensus view of those participating in the program, nor is it a massive compilation of facts and figures. Rather, it is a collaborative interpretation and analysis by the principal authors which attempts to understand the problems inherent in ever-expanding automobility, the ways in which the auto industry may evolve in the future, and the future political economy of the automotive world. (Author)

This chapter contains sections titled: Four Factors Shaping the Future, The Future Structure of the Industry, The Future Geography of the World Auto Industry, How National Industries Can Catch Up, The Prospect for a New Equilibrium

Computers should provide the mechanism that enables engineers to do better engineering. By permitting faster, more accurate and complete problem analysis to be performed, computers assist the engineer in his computational and decision making roles. The engineer today is faced with problems of increasing magnitude and complexity where the effects and interrelationships of all relevant information must be considered. The computer can provide the coordinating and integrating mechanism for this problem information.

Findings and recommendations presented to the Automobitive Board of Governors, World Economic Forum, Davos.