The World Health Organization has produced guidelines for the management of common illnesses in hospitals with limited resources.This series reviews the scientific evidence behind WHO's recommendations.The WHO guidelines and more reviews are available at: http://www.ichrc.org.The WHO Pocketbook of Hospital Care for Children [1] recommends treating children with cryptococcal meningitis with intravenous amphotericin B (0.5-1.5 mg kg À1 day À1 ) for 14 days followed by oral fluconazole (3-6 mg kg À1 day À1 ) for 8 weeks.Following the management of an acute episode, current recommendations advise ongoing prophylaxis with fluconazole.This review addresses the question: what is the most appropriate anti-fungal treatment for acute cryptococcal meningitis in children with HIV?

The World Health Organization (WHO) has produced guidelines for the management of common illnesses in hospitals with limited resources. This series reviews the scientific evidence behind WHO's recommendations. The WHO guidelines and more reviews are available at: http://www.ichrc.org The WHO Pocketbook of Hospital Care for Children [1] recommends in necrotizing enterocolitis to stop enteral feeds, pass a nasogastric tube, start an intravenous (IV) infusion and give ampicillin plus gentamicin plus metronidazoloe for 10 days (p. 57) This review addresses the question: For young infants with suspected necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), what is the effectiveness of different parenteral antibiotic regimens in preventing progression and sequelae?