Features of the fine structure of three samples of perfluorinated Nafion® type membranes—Nafion-115, its Russian analogue MF-4SK, and a new similar material PFM-E produced according to our novel water-emulsion technique—have been characterized using the small-angle neutron scattering technique. A difference in the regularity of common elements of fine structure (cylindrical channels) in the membranes has been revealed. Nafion-115 has the most regular structure with a diffraction peak corresponding to the double channel diameter and an additional broad maximum in the scattering curve indicating a long-range order in the arrangement of straight cylindrical channels. For MF-4SK, in addition, twisted and less ordered channels have been observed. In the PFM-E sample channels have a tortuous and branched structure with diameters similar to Nafion-115. Only a short-range order (40–50 Å) in the arrangement of the channels has been detected, and correlation in their mutual orientation at longer distances is weakened. It has been supposed that the observed branched structure of the channels promotes an increase in water content and an improvement in proton conductivity.

Aqueous solutions of poly-N-vinylpirrolidone (PVP), a typical polymer for medical purposes, containing sulphuretted tetraphenylporphirine dihydrochloride (H2TPPS4(HCl)2 or TPPS) having antiviral and therapeutic properties were studied. The association of PVP chains due to their nonvalent interactions with TPPS molecules playing the role of interchain and intrachain bonds was observed in complex solution over the temperature range from 20 to 90°C. The character of conformation changes of the polymer was determined; parameters of PVP binding with TPPS were calculated. The TPPS molecules were shown to be associated with PVP ones by means of hydrogen bonds between porphyrin sulfonic groups and polarized water molecules in the polymer hydration shell.

Nanosized complexes of ferroparticles with a sensitizer photoditazin (used in photodynamic therapy in oncology) have been synthesized and studied by small-angle neutron scattering. The structure of the complexes was determined, and the influence of the biocompatible polymer pluronic investigated. Clinical tests revealed increased efficiency of the complexes compared with the starting photoditazin. The complexes can be used as the first magnetically operated sensitizer for treatment of oncological diseases by photodynamic therapy.

Interaction of sulfonated scandium diphthalocyanine ScPc2(SO3)(4)(NH4)(4) with DNA in water salt solutions was studied by small-angle neutron scattering, dynamic light scattering, and atomic force microscopy. The results provide evidence about packaging of DNA molecules and agree with previous viscosimetry and spectrophotometry data.

A method is proposed for Fourier analysis of quasielastic neutron scattering in condensed media using moving spatial filters with a periodic neutron transmission function, allowing the time correlation function of the object to be measured.