At 135 MeV incident energy, differential proton scattering cross sections have been measured for many states of 13C, up to 23 MeV in excitation. These data are supplemented by analysing power data for states up to 10 MeV in excitation, measured at 119 MeV incident energy. Distorted wave analysis using a density-dependent form of the nucleon-nucleon interaction has provided a thorough assessment of the model predictions of the nuclear structure of many of these excited states.

A high-resolution measurement of the 48Ca(d→, 3He)47K reaction has been carried out. Seventeen final states are found, up to an excitation of 8.35 MeV. The measured vector analysing powers allow spin determination for most of these states. The 2s1/2 and ld3/2 hole strengths observed are found to exhaust the respective sum rules, while 64% of the sum-rule strength for 1d5/2 hole states is found. It is surmised that the remainder of this strength resides at higher excitation energies. The amount of proton ground-state correlations is deduced from the strength of a newly observed 7/2− state in 47K.

We measured separation-energy spectra and cross sections for the reaction on 2H, 9Be, 16O, 28Si, 58Ni, and 90Zr at 150 MeV. Energies of neutron deep-hole states are tentatively identified.

The reactions 2H(p, pn)1H and 40,48Ca(p,pn)39,47Ca were studied at 149.5 MeV in coplanar geometries. An overall separation-energy resolution of about 1 MeV was achieved. In addition to valence neutron-hole states (lf72, ld32, 2s12), probable neutron-hole strength is seen for ld52 and 1p shell knockout for both calcium targets. The 2H and 40,48Ca data are compared with PWIA and DWIA calculations, respectively. Spectroscopic factors and rms radii are extracted for neutron-hole states.

In a high resolution48Ca(d,3He) experiment at 80 MeV evidence has been found for a 7/2− state at 1.97 MeV in47K with a spectroscopic factor of C2S=0.08 corresponding to a ~4% admixture of πf2(s,d)−2 configurations in the ground state of Ca.

Differential cross sections have been measured for the scattering of 135 MeV protons from 16O and data from the transitions to 13 states (up to 19.5 MeV excitation) have been analysed using microscopic and macroscopic nuclear reaction models. Extensive collective model calculations have been made of the transitions to all natural-parity states. The deformation parameters for the 4p4h rotational band are in good agreement with theoretical models. The inelastic scattering data from the excitation of the negative-parity states have also been analysed in the distorted-wave approximation using microscopic (shell and RPA) models of nuclear structure and with density-dependent two-nucleon t-matrices. For positive-parity states, we report the first shell-model calculation using the complete 2ħω basis space and find that the triplet of 2p2h states (4+, 2+, 0+) around 11 MeV excitation is quite well described by this model, as may be a 1+ state which is observed for the first time by proton scattering from 16O.

Differential cross sections have been measured for the elastic and inelastic scattering of 135 MeV protons from 12C. The data from the transitions to 9 selected states up to 18.3 MeV in excitation have been analysed using a distorted wave approximation with various microscopic model nuclear structure transition densities and free and density-dependent two-nucleon t-matrices. Clear signatures of the density dependence of the t-matrix are defined and the utility of selected transitions to test different attributes of that t-matrix when good nuclear structure models are used is established.

The $^{60}\mathrm{Ni}(\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{p}}, \mathrm{d})^{59}\mathrm{Ni}$ reaction has been studied with 94-MeV polarized protons. Angular distributions of the differential cross section and analyzing power have been measured for states in $^{59}\mathrm{Ni}$ up to an excitation energy of 4.8 MeV. A characteristic $j$ dependence of the ($\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{p}}$, d) analyzing powers was observed for $l=1$ and $l=3$ transfers, which allowed reliable spin determinations to be made for hole states in $^{59}\mathrm{Ni}$. As a result, spins of $\frac{7}{{2}^{\ensuremath{-}}}$ were assigned to the levels at 2.63, 3.04, 3.73, 4.16, 4.23, 4.56, and 4.69 MeV in $^{59}\mathrm{Ni}$. Standard distorted-wave Born approximation calculations have been performed and their predictive power to describe the shape of the differential cross section and analyzing power angular distributions was tested as a function of the input parameters. No large discrepancies between calculated and experimental cross sections were found. Relative spectroscopic factors for the neutron pickup from the $1{f}_{\frac{7}{2}}$ orbital were extracted and compared to recent shell-model predictions. These shell-model calculations account quite well for the centroid of the observed $1{f}_{\frac{7}{2}}$ neutron hole distribution but fail to reproduce the strength distribution.NUCLEAR REACTIONS $^{60}\mathrm{Ni}(\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{p}}, \mathrm{d})$, $E=94$ MeV; measured $\ensuremath{\sigma}({E}_{\mathrm{d}}, \ensuremath{\theta})$ and ${A}_{y}({E}_{\mathrm{d}}, \ensuremath{\theta})$. Enriched target. $^{59}\mathrm{Ni}$ deduced levels, $J$, $\ensuremath{\pi}$. DWBA analysis.

Inelastic scattering of 134 MeV polarized protons from $^{154}\mathrm{Sm}$ and $^{166}\mathrm{Er}$ has yielded angular distributions of both cross sections and asymmetries for ${J}^{\ensuremath{\pi}}={0}^{+} \mathrm{to} {6}^{+}$ members of the ground state rotational bands. Deformation parameters ${\ensuremath{\beta}}_{2}$, ${\ensuremath{\beta}}_{4}$, and ${\ensuremath{\beta}}_{6}$ have been extracted from an analysis using coupled channels calculations for scattering from a deformed optical potential. The angular distributions of the cross sections have also been compared with an analytic eikonal model of the reaction. Multipole moments of the potential are determined and are compared with similar moments obtained from electromagnetic measurements and other hadron scattering experiments at different energies. A small energy dependence of the moments for $^{154}\mathrm{Sm}$ is observed. Comparisons are also made to moments obtained from Hartree-Fock calculations and from a liquid drop model. The observed hexadecapole moment of $^{154}\mathrm{Sm}$ is consistently higher than the theoretical predictions.NUCLEAR REACTIONS $^{154}\mathrm{Sm}$(p,p\ensuremath{'}), $^{166}\mathrm{Er}$(p,p\ensuremath{'}), ${E}_{\mathrm{p}}=134$ MeV, polarized beam; enriched targets, magnetic spectrograph (45 keV FWHM): measured $\ensuremath{\sigma}({E}_{{\mathrm{p}}^{\ensuremath{'}}}, \ensuremath{\theta})$, ${A}_{y}({E}_{{\mathrm{p}}^{\ensuremath{'}}}, \ensuremath{\theta})$; coupled channels calculations, deduced optical model parameters; comparisons with electromagnetic measurements, (p,p\ensuremath{'}) and ($\ensuremath{\alpha}, {\ensuremath{\alpha}}^{\ensuremath{'}}$) Hartree-Fock and liquid drop calculations.

Cross-section and analyzing power angular distributions have been measured for 13C(p, d) and 208Pb(p, d) at 123 MeV to the strong low-lying residual states in both final nuclei. The data have been compared with the results of both zero- and exact-finite-range distorted wave calculations. and some serious discrepancies were noted for the analyzing powers. For the case of the 13C calculations, marked improvement in the description of the data was achieved with the use of a damping factor in the nuclear interior.

Inelastic scattering of 134 MeV polarized protons from /sup 154/Sm and /sup 166/Er has yielded angular distributions of both cross sections and asymmetries for J/sup ..pi../ = 0/sup +/ to 6/sup +/ members of the ground state rotational bands. Deformation parameters ..beta../sub 2/, ..beta../sub 4/, and ..beta../sub 6/ have been extracted from an analysis using coupled channels calculations for scattering from a deformed optical potential. The angular distributions of the cross sections have also been compared with an analytic eikonal model of the reaction. Multipole moments of the potential are determined and are compared with similar moments obtained from electromagnetic measurements and other hadron scattering experiments at different energies. A small energy dependence of the moments for /sup 154/Sm is observed. Comparisons are also made to moments obtained from Hartree-Fock calculations and from a liquid drop model. The observed hexadecapole moment of /sup 154/Sm is consistently higher than the theoretical predictions.

The $^{3}\mathrm{He}$${(\mathrm{p},\mathrm{p}\mathrm{p})}^{2}$H and $^{3}\mathrm{He}$${(\mathrm{p},\mathrm{p}\mathrm{p})}^{2}$${\mathrm{H}}^{*}$ reactions were investigated in a kinematically complete experiment at ${E}_{\mathrm{p}}=136$ MeV for three angle pairs. The cross sections as a function of relative n-p energy were analyzed and compared to plane-wave impulse approximation predictions using one-boson exchange and Reid soft-core potentials to obtain detailed information about the $^{3}\mathrm{He}$ wave function. No clear preference was established for one potential over the other, but limits were established on the mixed symmetry component of the $^{3}\mathrm{He}$ wave function.NUCLEAR REACTIONS $^{3}\mathrm{He}$${(\mathrm{p},\mathrm{p}\mathrm{p})}^{2}$H, $^{3}\mathrm{He}$${(\mathrm{p},\mathrm{p}\mathrm{p})}^{2}$${\mathrm{H}}^{*}$, ${E}_{p}=136$ MeV, measured $\ensuremath{\sigma}({E}_{1}, {E}_{2}, {\ensuremath{\theta}}_{1}, {\ensuremath{\theta}}_{2})$; PWIA OBE and RCS analysis, d/pn ratio.