This chapter contains sections titled: History of Raman Spectroscopy The Principle of Raman Spectroscopy An Example of Simple Raman Spectrum: Raman Spectrum of Water Characteristics of Raman Spectroscopy The Classic Theory of Raman Effect The Quantum Theory of Raman Scattering Cross Section Relevance to Pharmaceuticals Resonance Raman Effect Instrumentation for Raman Spectroscopy References

The construction of a remote Raman microscope system with a variable microscope-to-spectrometer distance of up to 3 m is described. Oxidative surface corrosion products on zirconinm ahoy and stainless-steel nuclear fuel claddings for pressurized water and advanced gas cooled reactor systems produced under various conditions were studied and the potential of the technique for in situ analysis is discussed. Under the conditions studied experimentally, the major corrosion products are found to be alpha-ZrO2 and alpha-Fe2O3 for the zirconinm alloy and stainless-steel claddings, respectively.

Raman spectra of the alpha-, beta-, gamma- and smectic polymorphs of isotactic polypropylene were recorded at 298 and 16.5 K. At 298 K the spectra of the polymorphs were very similar except in the antisymmetric C-H stretching region. However, at 16 K the Raman spectra of the polymorphs show different features in several wavenumber shift regions. Comparisons are made with infrared spectra recorded at 298 and 100 K and interpretations are made on the basis of non-equivalent sites in the monoclinic unit cells.

The self-broadening of the Q-branch vibration-rotational lines in the CARS spectrum of HCl was studied over the pressure range 0.002-1.000 bar and the temperature range 298-1048 K. The broadening coefficients, sigma-p, are dependent on J at 298 and 550 K but are independent of J at higher temperatures; the sigma-p value of 1048 K is only about 25% of its value for J(max) at 298 K.

The pressure-broadening coefficients for the self-broadened S0(0), S0(1) and S0(2) pure rotational Raman lines of hydrogen and the S0(0) to S0(4) lines of deuterium were determined experimentally over the pressure range 1-100 bar and the temperature range 90-375 K. Broadening coefficients were also determined for the same lines in hydrogen and deuterium perturbed by helium, argon, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon monoxide and hydrogen chloride over the pressure range 2-100 bar, with a partial pressure of the host gas of 1 bar and a temperature of 293 K. In addition, the S0(0) pure rotational line of deuterium broadened by carbon monoxide and nitrogen was studied over the same pressure range and a temperature range of 100-293 K. The results are discussed and compared with those of previous studies in the literature.

AbstractPressure‐broadening coefficients, σp, have been determined for self‐broadening of pure rotational Raman lines of carbon monoxide and for pure rotational Raman lines of hydrogen chloride, and carbon monoxide and nitrogen perturbed by hydrogen chloride at 293 K. The results are discussed and compared with calculated and experimental σp values in the literature.

ChemInformVolume 20, Issue 42 Reviews ChemInform Abstract: Linear and Nonlinear Raman Effects: The Principles D. A. LONG, D. A. LONG Electrotech. Lab., Tsukuba 305, JapanSearch for more papers by this author D. A. LONG, D. A. LONG Electrotech. Lab., Tsukuba 305, JapanSearch for more papers by this author First published: October 17, 1989 https://doi.org/10.1002/chin.198942390Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume20, Issue42October 17, 1989 RelatedInformation

AbstractRaman spectra of Mg(ClO4)2NaNCSH2O mixtures were analysed as a function of the concentration ratio of the components at ambient and elevated temperatures. The strong perturbation of the thiocyanate spectrum observed in the regions of the ν1 and ν3 vibrations is interpreted in terms of complex formation. Band intensity measurements of resolved bands gave evidence for two complex species: [MgNCS]+ and [Mg(NCS)2], the former being discernible over the whole concentration range studied. The variations in the spectrum of the Td perchlorate ion at very low water‐to‐salt molar ratios are explained as indicating a coordination of ClO4− unit and lowering of the symmetry of C2ν.

AbstractLow‐frequency polarized Raman spectra of an oriented single‐crystal sample of phthalic anhydride have been recorded and an assignment of observed frequencies has been made on the basis of lattice normal mode calculation performed in the ‘rigid body’ approximation.

AbstractBroadening coefficients, σp, have been determined for the pure rotational Raman lines of nitrogen and oxygen, perturbed by hydrogen, helium and methane, and of hydrogen broadened by helium, argon, nitrogen and carbon monoxide, over the pressure range 2–100 bar with a host gas partial pressure of 1 bar. The results are summarized below:magnified imageThe broadening coefficients are discussed in relation to the dipole, quadrupole and octopole moments and the polarizabilities of the perturbing species.

AbstractThe Raman and IR spectra of adenine (AH3) and of its derivatives adenine hydrochloride (AH4Cl), 1‐methyladenine (1MeAH2) and 1‐methyladenine hydrochloride (1MeAH3Cl) are discussed in relation to the mutagenic and carcinogenic activities that they display.The spectra give evidence for a shift of tautomeric stability from the aminic form, which is favoured in AH3, toward the iminic, or iminic‐derived form, in the derivatives AH4Cl, 1MeAH2 and 1MeAH3Cl.The different biological activities of this series of compounds, in particular the mutagenic and carcinogenic effects, can be interpreted in terms of different reactivites associated with the π electronic systems, and of a hydrogen‐bond coupling different from the canonical Watson–Crick type.

The pure rotation Raman spectrum of 17 O 18 O has been recorded photographically using laser excitation and a spectrograph with a reciprocal linear dispersion of 1.4 cm −1 mm −1 at 488.0 nm. The following B 0 , D 0 and r 0 values were obtained; B 0 =1.31546±0.00002 cm −1 , 10 6 D 0 =3.50±0.05 cm −1 and r 0 =121.072±0.002 pm.

AbstractThe hyper Rayleigh and hyper Raman (0–1600 cm−1 wavenumber shift) spectra of oriented single crystals of ammonium chloride and ammonium bromide are reported. It is demonstrated that hyper Rayleigh scattering is a very sensitive measure of the presence of a centre of symmetry within a crystal structure and this property is used to investigate the residual ordering within an ammonium chloride crystal at 55 K above the order‐disorder phase transition. The hyper Raman wavenumber shifts associated with the transverse (TO) and longitudinal (LO) components of the optic mode, the librational mode which is infrared and Raman inactive, and the H–N–H internal mode were observed for both crystals. A basis for the interpretation of the relative hyper Raman intensities of the LO and TO modes is provided by an extension of the Poulet treatment of the relative intensities in the Raman spectrum.

Far-i.r. spectra of crystalline isotactic polypropylene (IPP) in its various polymorphic forms have been recorded over the range 500-100 cm−1. Differences in the spectra, in particular the splitting of certain A line-group modes, reflect the environments of isolated IPP chains within the particular unit cell configurations of the crystal forms.

The histrorical evolution of the concept of restricted rotation about a single bond is presented. The essential features of a potential function association with restricted rotation are described and the parameters necessary for a complete description of the phenomenon of internal rotation in molecules are established. The many physical methods available for the characterisation of internal rotation are mentioned briefly and a more detailed account of the use of infra-red, Raman and hyper Raman spectroscopy for such studies is then given. The far-reaching importance for chemistry of the concept of internal rotation is discussed.

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIntensities in vibrational hyper-Raman spectra. A bond hyperpolarizability theoryD. A. Long, M. J. French, T. J. Dines, and R. J. B. HallCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1984, 88, 3, 547–552Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j150647a045https://doi.org/10.1021/j150647a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views120Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts

AbstractThe hyper Rayleigh and hyper Raman spectra of the following Group IV halides are reported: the liquids CCl4, CHCl3, CH2Cl2, CHBr3, CH2Br2, CH3Br, SiCl4, GeCl4 and SnCl4 and CBr4 in solution in CCl4. Relative hyper Rayleigh and hyper Raman intensities and depolarization ratios have been measured. These are discussed and the intensities compared with those observed in Raman and infrared spectra.