Introduction Establishing shared terminology between health professionals and consumers is essential for truly embedding interdisciplinary person-centred models of care. When discussing concepts related to person-centred care, terminology differs amongst health professionals from different disciplines and program areas, and between health professionals and consumers. Inconsistent terminology creates confusion, potentially inhibiting person-centred care. We aimed to establish consensus amongst health professionals and between consumers and health professionals regarding terminology relating to person-centred care within a large Australian public healthcare organisation.Methods Consensus was sought amongst health professionals from multiple disciplines/program areas for six concepts, and between health professionals and consumers for two concepts associated with person-centred care. An online modified Delphi process was used, with consensus pre-defined as 70% agreement. Health professionals with different professional backgrounds, working in diverse program areas were purposefully invited via email to participate in this study. To recruit consumers, email invitations were sent to members of consumer groups active within the healthcare organisation and in-person to consumers currently receiving care across this organisation.Results Fifty-two staff members with medical, nursing, allied health, pharmacy or support backgrounds from 12 diverse program areas and 35 consumers participated. Consensus was reached amongst health professionals for the six concepts presented to health professionals after three to four rounds. Consensus could not be reached between consumers and health professionals for the two concepts presented to both groups after four rounds. For these two concepts, terminology was narrowed down to two alternatives.Conclusion Results have highlighted that although it was possible to gain consensus on terminology related to person-centred care amongst health professionals it was not possible to gain consensus with health professionals and consumers. This has important implications for delivering person-centred care and fostering meaningful partnerships with consumers in healthcare planning and delivery.Patient or Public Contribution Three healthcare consumers served on the project governance committee, providing lived experience guidance and a consumer perspective throughout all stages of the project. The Round One Delphi terms were informed by qualitative interviews from previous work exploring healthcare consumers' experiences of accessing and receiving care across settings. Healthcare consumers were integral to the four-round Modified Delphi process, contributing essential subject matter expertise based on their lived experience.

PURPOSE:To explore patient and clinician perspectives of telephone-based, behaviour change counselling to support recovery after hip fracture. MATERIALS AND METHODS:In-depth interviews of 20 patients an average of 2.5 years after hip fracture and 6 clinicians were analysed within an interpretive description framework. Patient participants had taken part in a trial during their recovery from hip fracture. They received 10 sessions of telephone-based counselling in one of two forms: motivational interviewing focused on physical activity or advice-based support on nutrition. Clinician participants were involved in usual-care rehabilitation and trial recruitment. RESULTS:Patients reported excellent physical recovery after hip fracture but had lingering psychosocial impacts. Telephone-based counselling, whether motivational interviewing or dietary advice, was perceived by most patients to provide psychosocial support through establishing a strong therapeutic connection. Patients also said they received support from family and caring health professionals; however, not everyone had access to this type of support. Patients and clinicians suggested integrating a personalised approach such as telephone-based counselling into routine rehabilitation to address psychosocial needs after hip fracture. CONCLUSION:Telephone-based counselling was perceived as beneficial during hip fracture recovery by patients and clinicians and could be a feasible means to provide psychosocial support after hip fracture.

Aims To assess the measurement properties of the Manchester Clinical Supervision Scale-26 (MCSS-26) as a measure of perceived clinical supervision effectiveness in healthcare student and professional populations. Design Systematic review of assessable measurement properties (content validity, structural validity, cross-cultural validity/measurement invariance, reliability, and hypotheses testing for construct validity) across MCSS-26 components (total score, subscales, and domains), using Consensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN). Data sources Embase, PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO were searched from inception to September 2025. Google Scholar and backward and forward citation tracking were used to identify additional studies. Review methods Eligible studies examined at least one property of at least one component in healthcare student or professional populations. Study quality and results were appraised using COSMIN methodological standards and measurement property criteria. Appraised evidence was synthesised by property, and certainty was graded using the COSMIN-modified Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Results 31 articles were included. Most studies were conducted in nursing-related samples. Evidence for content validity was limited or insufficient, and for structural validity indeterminate. Evidence for internal consistency was overall inconsistent, although findings for the Formative domain and the Supervisor Advice/Support subscale were supportive. Evidence for cross-cultural validity was inconsistent and for reliability indeterminate. Hypotheses testing for construct validity was favourable for workplace satisfaction, intention to remain in the workplace, burnout, and perceived skillfulness. Conclusions The MCSS-26 cannot yet be regarded as a well-supported measure of perceived clinical supervision effectiveness. Although evidence for construct validity was supportive, evidence of other measurement properties was insufficient, inconsistent, or indeterminate. The instrument appears most defensible as a broad indicator of perceived clinical supervision rather than a precise measure of distinct effectiveness. Future work should prioritise revision of the instrument around a more clearly specified construct or development of context-sensitive alternatives.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Hip fracture is a serious and common injury affecting older adults with significant psychosocial impacts. However, there is little information available on the assessment and treatment of psychosocial impacts of hip fracture during rehabilitation. Our aim was to determine the extent to which psychosocial factors are: (1) incorporated into goal setting; and (2) assessment and treatment during rehabilitation after hip fracture. METHODS:A retrospective data audit of patients admitted to a community rehabilitation program with a primary diagnosis of hip fracture from 30 June 2022 to 30 June 2023 in Melbourne, Australia. Data were extracted from the assessment and treatment notes of physiotherapists and occupational therapists. RESULTS:One-hundred included patients (59% female, mean age 81 (SD 7) years) were admitted to the community rehabilitation program an average of 41 days (SD 29) after hip fracture. All patients consulted a physiotherapist, 23 an occupational therapist, 6 a dietitian and 3 a social worker. Overall, 3 of 100 patients had a goal that focused on psychosocial functioning and 21 had a goal with a psychosocial element. A total of 96 patients had a mental health screening, but of 17 who were assessed as being 'at risk', 9 (53%) patients did not receive any documented psychosocial management, including 5 (29%) who declined referrals for mental health services. Apart from those patients screened as 'at risk' a number of patients with clinical notes indicating psychosocial concerns were recorded as receiving education (n = 16) and encouragement (n = 9). DISCUSSION:Psychosocial aspects of goals, assessment and treatment are rarely the focus of management in rehabilitation after hip fracture. More attention is needed to assess and treat psychosocial factors as part of a multidisciplinary, holistic approach to rehabilitation after hip fracture.

BACKGROUND:Geriatric Evaluation and Management (GEM) services provide subacute care for older adults with complex conditions. Meaningful activities are important for preventing functional decline in hospitalised older adults; however, no studies have evaluated GEM inpatients' participation in such activities. OBJECTIVE:To determine the proportion of time GEM inpatients spend performing meaningful activities during the day and investigate whether ward environments and day of the week are associated with activity levels. METHOD:This observational study used behavioural mapping to audit inpatients across three GEM wards. Observations were made at 10-minute intervals over 12 consecutive hours on weekdays and 10.5 hours on weekend days. Activities were categorised as physical, cognitive or social. Logistic mixed models were used to analyse factors associated with engagement in meaningful activities. RESULTS:In total, 60 030 minutes were observed among 70 inpatients. Overall, GEM inpatients spent 16%, 6% and 18% of observed time in physically, cognitively and socially meaningful activities, respectively. Weekend days were associated with higher odds of cognitive engagement (OR 4.79, 95% CI 1.71-13.41, P = .003) but lower odds of social engagement (OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.38-0.85, P = .006). Time spent outside patients' rooms was positively associated with all types of meaningful activities. The odds of physically meaningful activity were not found to vary between weekends and weekdays. CONCLUSIONS:GEM inpatients demonstrate lower engagement in meaningful activities compared to rehabilitation contexts. The positive association between activity levels and time spent outside patients' rooms emphasises the importance of accessible communal areas. Interventions to promote active participation are needed in inpatient GEM settings.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Participation in regular clinical supervision is recommended for health professionals to ensure quality of care. Effective clinical supervision of physiotherapists typically consists of a one-to-one model using a combination of reflective and direct approaches to supervision. However, this level of support can be difficult to provide in niche clinical specialities such as aquatic physiotherapy, where one expert clinician is tasked with the supervision of many less experienced clinicians. Group supervision is an alternative model which requires fewer resources, but its effectiveness is unknown. This study aimed to explore physiotherapists' perspectives on the effectiveness of a supervisor-led group supervision model in an aquatic physiotherapy service. METHODS:Sixteen physiotherapists at varied career stages who had experienced aquatic physiotherapy group supervision at an inpatient rehabilitation hospital, participated in an interpretive description study using focus groups. RESULTS:Four themes were identified: skill development, specialised practice area, group interactivity, and structure and processes. The positioning theory and interactivity theory informed the data analysis. DISCUSSION:Physiotherapists perceived group clinical supervision to be an effective model for clinical skill development in aquatic physiotherapy. They believed that the model was effective because it afforded them time for reflection in a highly specialised and infrequently practised clinical area. Interactivity between colleagues was viewed as the main strength of group supervision. However, they also felt that skill development would be enhanced if the content of the sessions was structured and group supervision was complemented by direct supervision.

BACKGROUND:Hip crepitus is a persistent and highly prevalent symptom in active adults with hip/groin pain. Its presence may influence their perceptions about prognosis, treatment options and sports participation. OBJECTIVE:We explored the beliefs and attitudes of active adults with hip/groin pain towards hip crepitus. METHODS:Semi-structured interviews involving 15 adults with hip/groin pain who participated regularly in sports activities were conducted. Verbatim transcriptions of the interviews were independently analysed through a six-phase reflexive thematic analysis by two authors prior to the consensus meetings. RESULTS:We identified one overarching theme: Crepitus - an unwanted sensation, which divided the sample into two groups based on their description of crepitus and associated symptoms: (i) clicking and tightness and (ii) grinding and pain. The similarities and differences between the two groups were highlighted for the three main themes: (1) Worries related to crepitus - uncertainty and anxiety; (2) Impact of crepitus on sport and daily life - hip flexion avoidance; and (3) Different mindsets about crepitus treatment - keep on moving. CONCLUSION:Our findings provide novel information regarding the perspectives of active adults with hip/groin pain towards hip crepitus, generating insights for health professionals on patients' perceptions. In summary, active adults with hip/groin pain modify their activities, especially hip flexion movements, due to the sensation of hip crepitus. Additionally, they are typically worried about the meaning of their crepitus and the future of their hip joint health and are interested in active treatments to reduce the severity of hip crepitus.

BACKGROUND:Although joint arthroplasties are generally successful, many patients experience persistent impairments. It is unknown whether early outpatient physiotherapy can address these persistent impairments. OBJECTIVE:To determine whether early outpatient physiotherapy, compared with delayed physiotherapy, improves pain, physical function and quality of life (QOL) in patients following lower limb arthroplasty. METHOD:A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. Searches were conducted across MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane and PsycINFO. Eligible studies included randomised control trials (RCTs) comparing early and delayed physiotherapy in patients after lower limb arthroplasty. Data were pooled using a random-effects model. Risk of bias assessment was completed using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach was used to assess the certainty of evidence. RESULTS:Three RCTs involving 224 participants undergoing joint arthroplasty (lateral uni-compartment knee replacement, total knee replacement and total hip replacement) were included. Meta-analyses demonstrated no significant differences in pain, physical function or QOL between early and delayed physiotherapy in short, medium or long term follow-ups. The certainty of evidence ranged from very low to low, with negligible to minimal effect sizes indicating minimal clinical relevance. CONCLUSION:The systematic review and meta-analysis found low to very low quality evidence that early outpatient physiotherapy following knee or hip joint arthroplasty does not improve pain, physical function or QOL compared with delayed physiotherapy. Future research should aim to confirm modifiable risk factors contributing to poor outcomes post-operatively and evaluate the effectiveness of early targeted physiotherapy in these high-risk subgroups.

AIM:Caring for people with higher weight and complex health needs is increasingly common in hospitals. This study aimed to explore and compare inpatient and staff perspectives on the care of people with higher weight. METHODS:Cross-sectional study using purpose-designed surveys within Metropolitan Victoria, Australia. Inpatients (who weighed over 100 kg) and hospital staff who provide care across four hospitals were invited to complete an inpatient-specific or staff-specific survey, respectively. Surveys contained questions related to clinical care, environment and dignity/respect. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics of scale-based items, and textual synthesis of free-text responses. RESULTS:Thirty inpatients and 59 staff participated. Most inpatients reported their clinical care needs were met (73%-83%) and described appropriate equipment and staff support. However, 25% felt judged or emotionally unsupported, with some experiencing delays in care due to staffing or equipment availability. Staff were less positive, with 73% reporting difficulty accessing equipment, 71% citing inadequate staffing and only 39% agreeing that non-stigmatising care was provided. Differences in weight-related terminology preferences emerged: inpatients favoured the terms 'higher weight' (27%) or 'obese/overweight' (34%), while staff preferred 'bariatric' (71%). Three themes were identified: (1) Inappropriate equipment, delays to equipment-access can negatively impact on inpatient experience of care; (2) Processes of care and communication influence inpatient experience of care; and (3) Weight-related stigma. CONCLUSIONS:Addressing gaps in care requires improved training, better resource access and alignment of language with consumer preferences to reduce stigma and deliver person-centred care.

Background: Australian Medicare funded policies to support General Practtitioners (GPs) to coordinate multidisciplinary care (MDC) with other healthcare providers have potential to benefit survivors of stroke/transient ischaemic attack (TIA). However, the effectiveness of these policies is unknown. We aimed to determine the population effect of such policies in improving long-term outcomes following stroke/TIA, by impairment grouping. METHODS:Target trial emulation using observational data within a cohort of community-dwelling adults with stroke/TIA from the Australian Stroke Clinical Registry (January 2012-December 2016, 42 hospitals). Person-level Medicare, pharmacy, aged care, death, and hospital records were linked. The exposure was ≥1 Medicare GP-MDC claim 6-18 months post-stroke. Outcomes were survival and hospitalisations at 19-30 months. Impairment group (minimal, moderate, severe) was classified by latent class analysis of EQ-5D-3L questionnaire data obtained 90-180 days post-stroke. Analysis comprised multivariable, multilevel survival analysis with inverse probability treatment weights (42 covariates). RESULTS:The cohort comprised 7,255 people with stroke (42% female, median age 71 years, 24% TIA, impairment: 39% minimal, 32% moderate, 29% severe, 29% had a MDC claim). More claims occurred with each increasing level of impairment group: minimal 22%; moderate 30%; severe 37%. Twelve-month mortality was reduced in those with ≥1 MDC claim (compared to those without) in the minimal (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.27, 0.91) and severe (aHR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.46, 0.91) impairment groups, but not in the moderate group (aHR: 1.31, 95% CI: 0.86, 1.99). Compared to those without a claim, hospital presentations were greater in the minimal (aHR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.59) and moderate impairment groups (aHR: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.23, 1.60) but not the severe group (aHR: 1.05, 95% CI: 0.85, 1.30). CONCLUSIONS:Government policy incentives for GP-coordinated MDC were effective at the population level at improving long-term survival outcomes, in those with minimal and severe impairments. .

BACKGROUND:Hip fracture has profound psychosocial effects but there is little guidance about how to incorporate management of psychosocial factors into rehabilitation. We aimed to assess the effect of telephone-based motivational interviewing on physical activity in community-dwelling older adults after hip fracture. METHODS:We conducted a 12-month, assessor-masked, open-label, multisite, randomised controlled trial in three health networks (Eastern Health, Peninsula Health, and Alfred Health) in Melbourne, VIC, Australia. Each health network included acute hospitals, sub-acute (rehabilitation) hospitals, and community rehabilitation programmes from which eligible participants were recruited. Community-dwelling adults with hip fracture, aged 65 years and older, were randomly assigned (1:1) by an external provider with a random number generator to an experimental group receiving ten 30-min sessions of motivational interviewing over 16 weeks from one of 13 trained health professionals or to an attention-control group receiving an equivalent dosage of dietary advice from one of nine accredited dietitians. Assessors were masked to group allocation. The primary outcome, assessed in the intention-to-treat population, was physical activity expressed as accelerometer-measured daily walking time at week 52. All available data were used in the linear mixed effects models. To account for missing data, multiple imputation was completed as a sensitivity analysis. The study was registered prospectively (ACTRN12619000936123). FINDINGS:From Sept 29, 2019, to June 27, 2022, 1246 potentially eligible patients were screened, 1046 were excluded (611 were deemed ineligible, 359 declined to participate, and 76 were unable to be contacted) and the resulting 200 were randomly assigned to an intervention (98 assigned to the motivational interviewing group and 102 assigned to the nutritional education control group). 146 (73%) participants were female, 54 (27%) were male, the average age of participants was 79 years (SD 7), and participants were a mean of 89 days (SD 40) days post-surgery at baseline. Daily walking time at week 52 was a median of 53·1 min (IQR 28·8 to 73·8) in the motivational interviewing group and 63·7 min (42·6 to 89·2) in the control group, with no significant between-group differences (mean difference 4·1% [95% CI -16·6 to 21·1). There were no serious harms related to the intervention. There were seven deaths during the period from baseline to week 52, three in the motivational interviewing group and four in the control group. There were a small number of non-serious adverse events related to the intervention with a total of seven (1%) short-term skin reactions out of 668 assessments in response to the activity monitor being held in place on the thigh with dressing. INTERPRETATION:Motivational interviewing was no more effective than dietary advice in increasing physical activity in the form of daily walking for community-dwelling older adults after hip fracture. The most effective way of addressing psychosocial challenges during hip fracture rehabilitation remains uncertain. FUNDING:National Health and Medical Research Council, Australia.

Background In Australia, with the recent introduction of electronic health records (EHRs) into hospitals, the use of hospital-based EHRs for research is a relatively new concept. The aim of this study was to explore the attitudes of older healthcare consumers on sharing their health data with an emerging EHR-based Research Data Platform within the National Centre for Healthy Ageing.Methods This was a qualitative study. Two workshops were conducted in March 2022 with consumer representatives across Peninsula Health, Victoria, Australia. The workshops comprised three parts: (1) an ice-breaker (2) an introduction to EHR-based research through the presentation of ‘use case’ scenarios and (3) focus group discussions. Qualitative data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.Results Consumer participants (n=16) were aged between 62 and 83 years and were of mixed gender. The overarching theme was related to trust in the use of EHR data for research; themes included: (1) benefits of sharing data, (2) uncertainty around data collection processes and (3) data sharing fears. The three themes within the overarching theme all reflect participants’ levels of trust.Conclusion Our study identified fundamental issues related to trust in the use of EHR data for research, with both healthcare and broader societal factors contributing to consumer attitudes. Processes to support transparent and clear communication with consumers are essential to support the responsible use of EHR data for research.

Clinical supervision is widely regarded as an important part of both pre-graduate and post-registration education and training of healthcare professionals. To ensure comprehensive implementation of effective supervision practices, it is crucial that supervisors, healthcare organisations and researchers have valid and reliable instruments to measure these practices. The Manchester Clinical Supervision Scale (MCSS) is the most widely used instrument for measuring supervision effectiveness in nursing and allied health. According to the developers of MCSS, it is based on Proctor's three functions of supervision as being normative, formative and restorative. The purpose of this paper was to report a test of the content validity of MCSS-26, which is the latest version. Methods included: 1. A qualitative text analysis of MCSS-26's syntax and wording. 2. A Content Validity Index with an expert panel rating the relevance of MCSS-26 items for measuring effectiveness of supervision and their clarity. 3. A linguistic reordering of items and a tabulation of panel classifications of MCSS-26 items according to Proctor's three functions. Findings revealed heterogeneity in MCSS-26's wording and an uneven flow with negative/general questions being frontloaded. The CVI identified 46% of items (n = 12/26) as relevant for directly or indirectly measuring effectiveness of clinical supervision. The expert panel was not able to consistently link items to Proctor's functions. The results have important implications for how to interpret MCSS-26 ratings of effectiveness of clinical supervision and can be used to consider psychometric studies examining the potential for an abbreviated version of MCSS-26 with a single focus on effectiveness.

PURPOSE:To identify what constitutes a satisfactory outcome following ankle fracture from the perspectives of people with ankle fracture, clinicians and health service managers. METHODS:Semi-structured interviews were conducted with adults with lived experience of ankle fracture, clinicians experienced in ankle fracture treatment and managers of hospitals providing care for people with ankle fracture. RESULTS:Patients (n = 12), clinicians (n = 12) and managers (n = 8) were interviewed. We identified two themes. A satisfactory outcome at six to 12 months following ankle fracture is: (1) a collaborative construct determined by patients and clinicians; and (2) influenced by the patient's experience of care. The first theme was elaborated through three subthemes which explained how patients and clinicians collaborate to determine a satisfactory outcome: (1) establishing indicators; (2) consideration of contextual factors; and (3) revision throughout the patient recovery journey. Managers considered re-referrals and patient feedback reflecting patient outcome and experience of care. CONCLUSION:A satisfactory outcome is determined collaboratively by patients and clinicians and monitored by organisational indicators. During this process patients preference outcomes of activity/participation and clinicians preference outcomes of body structure/function. Clinicians play an important role in determining a satisfactory outcome through consideration of patient preferences and providing a positive experience of care.

Objective This study aimed to explore physiotherapist and manager perceptions of factors that influence physiotherapist participation in clinical supervision. Methods Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with physiotherapists (n = 15) and managers (n = 10) from a publicly funded health network. Interviews were audiotaped and transcribed verbatim. Qualitative analysis of transcripts was completed using inductive thematic analysis. Results Three themes explained the factors perceived by participants to influence participation in clinical supervision: the value of clinical supervision; operationalisation of the organisational clinical supervision framework; and the clinical supervision culture. Identified factors influenced participation by either facilitating or discouraging access to supervision and prioritisation of supervision relative to competing professional demands. Conclusions Physiotherapist participation in clinical supervision is crucial for their professional development and to deliver high-quality care. Participation might be enhanced by initiatives that address factors identified in this study. These may include introducing processes that ensure supervisees and supervisors are accountable for their participation in supervision; providing alternative supervisory arrangements during leave, vacancies, or redeployment; allocating on-site supervisors to accommodate preferred supervision formats; and promoting a safe learning environment where physiotherapists can address knowledge or skill gaps without fear of judgement.

To test the feasibility of a co-designed PROMs collection system for hospitalised older adults. A mixed-methods feasibility study was conducted sequentially across one acute and one sub-acute ward, over a 12-week period. Patients aged ≥ 60 years who discharged from hospital were eligible. The EQ-5D-5L with added items on fatigue and cognition was administered on discharge and at 3–6 months post-discharge. Administration was by either a research assistant or volunteer using a variety of modes (tablet computer, phone, SMS). Feasibility was evaluated using a feasibility framework to capture demand, implementation, practicality, and acceptability. Descriptive statistics were applied. Interviews were conducted with volunteers and analysed using deductive content analysis. Completion rates indicated high demand (discharge = 84

Question: Does adding an interactive clinical supervision training program to self -education improve the effectiveness of clinical supervision of physiotherapists, reduce burnout, decrease intention to leave and increase participation in clinical supervision? Design: Randomised controlled trial with concealed allocation, assessor blinding and intention -to -treat analysis. Participants: Physiotherapists (n = 58) working at a publicly funded health service. Intervention: Participants in both groups received a self -education clinical supervision training package. In addition, participants in the experimental group received interactive clinical supervision training consisting of three 90 -minute workshops. Outcome measures: The primary outcome measure was effectiveness of clinical supervision 4 months after training measured using the Manchester Clinical Supervision Scale (MCSS-26). Secondary outcomes were the Maslach Burnout Inventory, the Intention to Leave Scale, and participation in supervision. Focus groups were also used to gauge impressions of the intervention. Results: The addition of interactive clinical supervision training slightly improved effectiveness of clinical supervision, with a between -group mean difference of 6.3 units (95% CI 0.3 to 12.3) on the MCSS26. The estimate of the effect on the proportion of physiotherapists reporting effective clinical supervision (ie, MSCC-26 score >= 73) was unclear (OR 1.97, 95% CI 0.50 to 7.81). Physiotherapists in the experimental group reported slightly lower levels of depersonalisation (MD -3.0 units, 95% CI -4.6 to -1.3). There were negligible or uncertain effects on the other burnout domains, intention to leave and participation in clinical supervision. Qualitatively, participants reported that the workshops made them realise that supervisees could take greater ownership of where supervision focused. Conclusion: Adding interactive clinical supervision training to self -education leads to small improvements in the effectiveness of clinical supervision of physiotherapists. Registration: osf.io/yz3kx. [Osiurak S, Taylor NF, Albiston T, Williams K, Collyer TA, Snowdon DA (2024) Interactive clinical supervision training added to self -education leads to small improvements in the effectiveness of clinical supervision of physiotherapists: a randomised trial. Journal of Physiotherapy 70:33-39] (c) 2023 Australian Physiotherapy Association. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY -NC -ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Abstract This study aimed to describe professional networks relating to the research and practice change activities of allied health professionals (AHPs) within the public healthcare system of Victoria, Australia. Using a mixed methods cross-sectional approach, survey data were collected from 299 AHPs in metropolitan, regional and rural healthcare services. AHPs are mostly not engaged with research and practice change networks, with less than half (n=123, 41%) identifying key contacts for either activity. Participants’ key contacts in professional networks were typically from the same discipline, healthcare service and local area, although networking for practice change involved more contacts from other disciplines and workplaces compared to research networks. Most contacts (86%) were related to either research or practice change only, suggesting largely separate networks. Collaboration drives research and practice change networks, with research contacts often arising from formal research collaborations that provided opportunities for individual research participation and skill development. In contrast, practice change contacts facilitated discussion of ideas, relationships with clinical teams, and workforce development activities. The limited diversity in professional networks may be a barrier to multidisciplinary research and practice change. Better collaboration between different types of professional networks may help close the ‘research to practice’ gap.

Background Inpatient delirium is common and associated with poor outcomes. Although most organisations have evidence-based guidelines to improve delirium prevention and management, delirium rates and outcomes have remained relatively unchanged over time. A lack of understanding of healthcare providers' experience of caring for people with delirium and its integration into existing guidance may explain some of the slow progress in improving delirium care.Objective To review and synthesise existing qualitative evidence on healthcare providers' experience of caring for inpatients with delirium within and across disciplines.Methods We systematically searched OVID Medline, CINAHL, Embase, Emcare, PsychINFO, AMED and Web of Science databases for articles published between January 1990 and November 2022. Article inclusion and study quality were assessed by two independent reviewers. Both thematic synthesis and content analysis were then conducted to synthesise findings from included studies.Results Within the 25 included studies, the experience of nurses was the most commonly studied perspective, followed by medical and allied health. Nursing, medical and allied health staff all reported that their experience of caring for people with delirium was challenging, highlighting difficulties in delirium recognition and that they felt unsupported at organisational and local levels. Attitudes towards older people and the importance of delirium influenced identification and prioritisation.Conclusions Healthcare providers often find caring for hospitalised patients with delirium challenging and complex. Although good communication within multidisciplinary teams was deemed helpful, more work is required to understand how to achieve this, recognising the unique perspectives of individual disciplines.

Introduction Dementia is a leading cause of disability. Physiotherapists play a crucial role in caring for people with dementia. However, previous research has found that physiotherapists have low knowledge and confidence working with people with dementia. Objective To determine: 1) What are the components of effective physiotherapy care for people with dementia; and 2) What can be done to facilitate the provision of effective physiotherapy care. Methods This was a qualitative study using an interpretive description approach. Sixteen physiotherapists experienced in dementia care participated in semi-structured interviews. Researchers analyzed data using thematic analysis. Results Two themes were created for each research objective. The themes explaining the components of effective physiotherapy care were: 1) engaging the person with dementia (subthemes: knowing the person with dementia; using knowledge to adapt the approach to successfully deliver physiotherapy treatments; optimizing the physical environment) and 2) collaborative care (subthemes: working with care partners; working as an interdisciplinary team). The themes describing how to facilitate provision of effective care were: 1) Physiotherapists require "greater opportunity for mentoring and education on dementia care" and 2) Physiotherapists must "advocate for the role of physiotherapy in dementia care." Conclusion These findings provide important information regarding the components of effective dementia care for physiotherapists and will help guide clinical practice, inform future dementia education, research, and professional organization advocacy initiatives.