This study concurrently investigated the characteristics of 20 distance learning United States OSH M.S. programs and 101 OSH employment postings preferring or requiring candidates with an advanced degree. The goal was to determine if there was consensus in the required curricula and employer demands. Such agreement is one of the requirements for achieving occupational closure, an important step for OSH being considered a profession. The results demonstrated there is both diversity in OSH M.S. courses being offered and in knowledge, skills, and abilities being sought by employers. A Pareto comparison analysis illustrated that more OSH M.S. programs should offer courses in project management, auditing, leadership, training, and environmental, health and safety (EHS) management. Less emphasis should be given to research methods, capstone or thesis projects, and OSH management. At the OSH M.S. hiring level, there appeared to be more of an emphasis on management and soft skills than technical skills. It also appeared that many employers were hiring OSH individuals that have environmental responsibilities (not well represented in current curricula), supporting an EHS versus OSH paradigm. The most common job requirement sought by employers was regulatory knowledge, a course required in most OSH M.S. curricula. Specific recommendations are provided based on the study results to further promote the goal of OSH occupational closure.

INTRODUCTION:Workplace interactions between pedestrians and industrial mobile equipment often result in workplace fatalities. Employers are normally required to provide pedestrian warning alarms for reverse travel only, though forward travel accidents may comprise as much as 50% of all related fatalities.METHOD:This study was conducted to compare unique configurations of common pedestrian warning alarms to determine whether worker role or equipment configuration were significant independent variables of worker perception of forward alarm irritation and excellent warning characteristics, and whether forward alarms are perceived to be important.RESULTS:While worker role was not found to be a significant variable, select alarm configuration properties were found to be significant. Practical Applications: The results of the study suggest that a combination of broadband and light emitting diode devices are preferential to all other configurations studied.

Requests for participation made of leading North American safety foundations specifically for provision of select member data to maximize population size were either not answered or provided [ ]the survey instrument was distributed using the means immediately available to the researchers Figure 1 (p 36) provides consolidated data in which respondents reported their level of agreement to: * organizations' routine OSH program requirements being maintained, * adequate PPE supplies being maintained, * effective tracing procedures for possibly exposed workers being implemented, * control of exposed or symptomatic workers, * effective referral process for symptomatic or exposed workers being implemented, and * social distancing implemented per then-current CDC guidelines Figure 2 (p 36) consolidates data in which respondents report the degree that activities have been implemented in all work areas or for all workers, including: * scheduling of workers to minimize their physical interaction, * Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) testing to confirm cleaning and disinfecting effectiveness, * increased sanitation and cleaning, * worker safe practices training, and * face coverings per CDC guidelines The first was to determine whether organization relative risk (Table 2, p 33) results in significant differences in respondents' perception of the pandemic's impact to operations, availability of PPE, continuance of safety routines and confidence in worker protective measures

By David W. Wilbanks and Traci Byrd A BOARD FOR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY has certified 20 OSH degree programs (ASSP, n.d.), while many dozens of other institutions throughout the U.S. offer some form of OSH technician training or advanced degrees (Universities.com, n.d.). Conservatively posited is that at no prior time have OSH education and training resources been so widely sought and utilized. This fact stands as a core reason those representing the broad and diverse OSH practices today are rightly regarded as professionals (Valentic, 2017). Also posited is that risk is the most common theme found in OSH practice, whether the example considered is ergonomics, industrial hygiene, loss control, process safety, construction or mining safety, or others. All are inseparably bound by risk, which most might agree is simply that which can or cannot be accepted. Evidence of this is that each practice inevitably returns to the theme of risk analysis and assessment as its primary problem identification and resolution methodology (ANSI/ ASSP, 2011; 2016; ISO, 2018b). Risk is the tie that binds. Bernstein (1998) writes: The revolutionary idea that defines the boundary between modern times and the past is the mastery of risk: the notion that the future is more than a whim of the gods and that men and women are not passive before nature. (p. 1) Bernstein relates “times past” as the ancient days in which oracles and soothsayers were analogous to today’s weather forecasters, the average person at their mercy for an understanding of current and future events. Many OSH professionals might rightly claim such times past have been witnessed during the span of their own careers in which luck, hope and hubris (organization and personal) have been exchanged for persistent and repeated devotion to best practices and measurement. Lady Luck relinquished of her power; the OSH practitioner empowered. Finally posited: The many OSH practices so prevalent today are relatively new, but risk is not. There is much to learn from the tie that binds. Lyon and Popov (2018) have made significant contributions to OSH practice by promoting the importance of incorporating risk into our daily practice. A hazard-based approach alone will no longer suffice, they say. Their paradigm: International Standards Organization (ISO) 31000, Risk Management—Guidelines (ISO, 2018a).

In the United States, forklift accidents account for one in every six workplace fatalities (Bostelman and Shackleford, 2010). Backup warning devices such as tonal alarms and blue safety lights are commonly used to alert pedestrians of approaching forklifts. The purpose of this research is to identify worker’s perception on the effectiveness of two configurations of backup alarm systems: the level of nuisance perceived of these systems; and the importance of having a forward motion warning system. Results of this study indicate no statistically significant differences in the level of satisfaction between facilities using tonal backup alarms and facilities that use both tonal backup alarms along with blue safety lights. Additionally, results of this study indicate that the majority of the pedestrians and forklift operators sampled are in favor of having forward motion warning devices installed on forklifts.