Corona virus-2 (nCOVID-19), causes respiratory infection including cold, fever, sneezing and coughing, pneumonia, headache, diarrhea and upper respiratory diseases. It transmitted human to human via airborne droplets. Corona virus enters in human cell through membrane ACE-2 exopeptidase receptor. Corona virus (CV) previously it treated as non-fatal virus (NFV), HCoV-NH, SARS and MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV. It was first isolated from Wuhan market China at December 2019, in world thus its name nCOVID-19. It is a Chain Reaction Disease (CRD) because of tremendously spread through contact human to human. WHO and ECDC advised to avoid public place - social distance and close contact (person-person) to infected persons, airborne droplet through sneezing and coughing. Some precautions, preventions and treatment of formerly synthesized anti-malarial, anti-biotic and anti-inflammatory etc drug used on novel corona virus disease.

Tankyrases are the group of enzymes belonging to a class of Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) recently named ADP-ribosyltransferase (ARTD). The two isoforms of tankyrase i.e. tankyrase1 (TNKS1) and tankyrase2 (TNKS2) were abundantly expressed in various biological functions in telomere regulation, Wnt/b-catenin signaling pathway, viral replication, endogenous hormone regulation, glucose transport, cherubism disease, erectile dysfunction, and apoptosis. The structural analysis, mechanistic information, in vitro and in vivo studies led identification and development of several classes of tankyrase inhibitors under clinical phases. In the nutshell, this review will drive future research on tankyrase as it enlighten the structural and functional features of TNKS 1 and TNKS 2, different classes of inhibitors with their structure-activity relationship studies, molecular modeling studies, as well as past, current and future perspective of the different class of tankyrase inhibitors. (C) 2020 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Background: Thiophene ring forms important building block in medicinal chemistry. Literature reveals that thiophene ring in combination with different groups shows different activity. By keeping these things in mind we have designed and synthesized a new series of amide and sulfonamide coupled thiophene. A series of novel substituted 3-sulfamoylbenzo[b]thiophene-4- carboxamide molecules containing sulfonamide and amide group were designed, synthesized and used for anti-proliferative activity study. Methods: The final compounds 16-36 were synthesized by using series of reactions comprising sulfonation, sulfonamide coupling, hydrolysis and peptide coupling. The yields of compounds 16- 36 are in the range of 90-98%. The structures of the synthesized compounds were elucidated and confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, LCMS and the purity was checked through HPLC analysis. The compounds were further tested for their in vitro anticancer activity against a series of cell lines A549, HeLa, MCF-7 and Du-145. Results: The intermediates 8-13, 15 and final compounds 16-36 were synthesized in good yields. The synthesized compounds were further tested for their anticancer activity and most of compounds showed moderate to good anticancer activity against all four cell lines. Conclusion: We have synthesized 21 compounds and were screened for anticancer activity against MCF-7, HeLa, A-549 and Du-145 cancer cell lines. Most of the compounds were active for tested cell lines with IC50 value in the range of 1.81 to 9.73 μM. The compounds 18, 19, 21, 25, 30, 31 and 33 are most active in cell line data with IC50 value in the range of 1.81 to 2.52 μM.

The enzyme pantothenate synthetase panC is one of the potential new antimicrobial drug targets, but it is poorly characterized in H. pylori. H. pylori infection can cause gastric cancer and the management of H. pylori infection is crucial in various gastric ulcers and gastric cancer. The current study describes the use of innovative drug discovery and design approaches like comparative metabolic pathway analysis (Metacyc), exploration of database of essential genes (DEG), homology modelling, pharmacophore based virtual screening, ADMET studies and molecular dynamics simulations in identifying potential lead compounds for the H. pylori specific panC. The top ranked virtual hits STOCK1N-60270, STOCK1N-63040, STOCK1N-44424 and STOCK1N-63231 can act as templates for synthesis of new H. pylori inhibitors and they hold a promise in the management of gastric cancers caused by H. pylori.

A series of novel substituted 2‐(5‐(benzylthio)‐1,3,4‐oxadiazol‐2‐yl)pyrazine derivatives (6a–n) were synthesized under microwave irradiation and conventional conditions with less reaction time with good to excellent yields. All the synthesized compounds were screened for antioxidant and anticancer activities. Out of the 14 prepared derivatives, compounds 6f and 6m were most potent and active with antioxidant and anticancer activities, respectively. Also, the developed technique was simple, easy, and less time consuming.

Phthalazine, a structurally and pharmacologically versatile nitrogen-containing heterocycle, has gained more attention from medicinal chemists in the design and synthesis of novel drugs owing to its pharmacological potential. In particular, phthalazine scaffold appeared as a pharmacophoric feature numerous drugs exhibiting pharmacological activities, in particular, antidiabetic, anticancer, antihypertensive, antithrombotic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antidepressant and antimicrobial activities. This review presents a summary of updated and detailed information on phthalazine as illustrated in both patented and non-patented literature. The reported literature have described the optimal pharmacological characteristics of phthalazine derivatives and highlighted the applicability of phthalazine, as potent scaffold in drug discovery.

Background:A novel copper-catalyzed synthesis of substituted-1,2,3-triazole derivatives has been developed and performed by Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of azides with alkynes. The reaction is one-pot multicomponent.Objective:We state the advancement and execution of a methodology allowing for the synthesis of some new substituted 1,2,3-triazole analogues with antimicrobial activity.Methods:A series of triazole derivatives was synthesized by Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of azides with alkynes. The structures of the synthesized compounds were elucidated and confirmed by 1H NMR, IR, MS and elemental analysis. All the synthesized compounds were tested for their antimicrobial activity against a series of strains of Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli for antibacterial activity and against the strains of Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus nigar for antifungal activity, respectively.Results and Conclusion:From the antimicrobial data, it was observed that all the newly synthesized compounds showed good to moderate level of antibacterial and antifungal activity.

Agriculture is a main source of economy in Indian society; insecticide plays a key role in increasing the production of crops. Monocrotophos is a member of organophosphate insecticide, and it plays a diversifi ed role in agriculture. Monocrotophos is helpful to control insecticides, but it has some disadvantages, e.g., there are an increasing number of human poisoning cases mainly by organophosphorus compound monocrotophos. During the last few years, Forensic Science Laboratories, Maharashtra, India, detected a large number of human poisoning cases with monocrotophos, since a large number of biological samples (postmortem sample) were received for toxicological chemical analysis. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) were the preferred methods for identifi cation of the poison. By observing the results of toxicological chemical analysis, the conclusion can be drawn, like, presently monocrotophos plays a key role in human poisoning cases. Chromogenic reagent was found to be a selective spray reagent for monocrotophos in a routine analysis by HPTLC. Monocrotophos reacts with chromogenic reagent which gives intense pink-colored compound. The other organochlorine insecticides, organ phosphorus insecticides, and pyrethroids insecticide do not give pink colored spot. Biological material constituents (amino acids, peptides, proteins, fats, etc.) do not interfere with this chromogenic reagent.

An environmentally benign aqueous protocol for the synthesis of novel 2-((5-(4-methoxybenzylidene)-4-oxo-4,5-dihydrothiazol-2-yl)amino)substituted acid by using potassium carbonate as a base has been achieved. These ultrasound irradiation and conventional technique reaction proceed efficiently in water in the absence of organic solvent. In comparison with conventional methods, our protocol is convenient and offers several advantages, such as shorter reaction time, higher yields, milder conditions and environmental friendliness.

A series of rhodanine derivatives were synthesized by Knoevenagel condensation. All the synthesized compounds were tested for their in vitro anticancer activity against MCF-7 and BT-474 human breast cancer cell lines. All the synthesized compounds were characterized and screened for their antimicrobial activity against bacterial and fungal strain. Majority of the compounds showed good to moderate anticancer and antimicrobial activity. Among these compounds one showed promising activity against gram-positive bacteria B. subtilis and S. aureus when compared with ampicillin. Some of the most potent compounds possessed selective antimicrobial activity.

We initiated a program to synthesize thiazolidinone derivatives as antitubercular agent by preparing hybrid molecules having the similar features of reported potent antitubercular agents. We desire to state the advancement and execution of a methodology allowing for the synthesis of some new (Z)-5-(substituted benzylidene)-2-((substituted phenyl) amino)thiazol-4(5H)-one analogues with antitubercular activity. A highly efficient protocol was developed for the synthesis with excellent yields as well as evaluated in vitro for their antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis MTB H37Ra and M. bovis BCG strains. Among these synthesized compounds 6a, 6c, 6e, 6f and 6i showed marginal antitubercular activity in the series along with no significant cytotoxicity against the MCF-7 and A549 human cancer cell lines.

Plants have been an integral part of the ancient culture of India, China and Egypt as a medicine, and their importance even dates back to the Neanderthal period. Historically, a majority of new drug is generated from compounds derived from natural products and secondary metabolites. Natural products show the large structural diversity and various modern techniques for structure elucidation, separation, combinatorial synthesis and screening have led to the revitalization of plant products as the sources of new drugs. Currently, there is a substantial decline in new drug approvals and in the impending loss of patent protection for important medicines. Considering this, the present review mainly focused on all types of the main groups of compounds classified as Natural products, semi-synthetic NPs and NP-derived compounds that have been registered, undergoing registration or in clinical development for antibacterial and antifungal activity. The review mainly enlights the need for new antibacterial and antifungal drugs along with a contribution of natural products in the discovery of new antibacterial and antifungal drugs. The review briefly discuss all the molecules obtained from natural sources which are in preclinical and clinical development.

A series of novel thiazol‐2‐yl substituted‐1‐sulfonamide derivatives were synthesized from anilines. This involved the coupling of sulfonyl chlorides with thiazol amine to obtain the final compounds 7a–7j and 8a–8j. All synthesized compounds were screened for anticancer activity against MCF‐7, HeLa, A‐549, and Du‐145 cancer cell lines by 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Preliminary bioassay suggests that most of the compounds show anti‐proliferation to different degrees, with doxorubicin used as positive control. The synthesized compounds show IC50 values in the range 2.74–8.17 μM in the different cell lines. The compounds 7d, 7e, 8a, 8d, and 8e were active compared to doxorubicin. The compounds having butyl and pantyl chains were more active than their lower and higher carbon chains and also their ring counterparts.

In the present work, we report the synthesis of a series of 3-(substituted phenyl)-N-(2-hydroxy-2-(substituted-phenyl)ethyl)-N-methylthiophene-2-sulfonamide derivatives through Suzuki and Buchwald reaction. We have optimized methodology for targets from milligram to multi-gram scale. The newly synthesized compounds were characterized by 1H NMR, 19F NMR, 13C NMR, LC-MS techniques and purity was further checked by HPLC. The compounds were evaluated for their in-vitro antiproliferative activity against MCF-7, HeLa, A-549 and Du-145 cancer cell lines by CCK-8 assay. The preliminary bioassay suggests that most of the compounds show antiproliferation with different degrees and 5-fluorouracil was used as positive control. Among these compounds 2d, 2g, 2i, 4e, 4h and 4k are most active compared to the standard. All the synthesized compounds show IC50 values from 1.82-9.52 µM in different cell lines. Amongst these, compounds 2d, 2g, 2i, 4e, 4h and 4k were most potent, with IC50 values ranging from 1.82-4.28 µM in different cell lines.

In the present investigation, new chloroquinoline derivatives bearing vinyl benzylidene aniline substituents at 2nd position were synthesized and screed for biofilm inhibitory, antifungal and antibacterial activity. The result of biofilm inhibition of C. albicans suggested that compounds 5j (IC50 value = 51.2 μM) and 5a (IC50 value = 66.2 μM) possess promising antibiofilm inhibition when compared with the standard antifungal drug fluconazole (IC50 = 40.0 μM). Two compounds 5a (MIC = 94.2 μg/mL) and 5f (MIC = 98.8 μg/mL) also exhibited good antifungal activity comparable to standard drug fluconazole (MIC = 50.0 μg/mL). The antibacterial screening against four strains of bacteria viz. E. coli, P. aeruginosa, B. subtilis, and S. aureus suggested their potential antibacterial activity and especially all the compounds except 5g were found more active than the standard drug ciprofloxacin against B. subtilis. To further gain insights into the possible mechanism of these compounds in biofilm inhibition through the agglutinin like protein (Als), molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation studies were carried out. Molecular modeling studies suggested the clear role in inhibition of this protein and the resulting biofilm inhibitory activity.

A series of novel N‐(2‐(pyridine‐4‐yl)‐1H‐pyrrolo[3,2‐c]‐pyridin‐6‐yl‐(substituted)‐sulfonamide derivatives were synthesized from 2‐bromo‐6‐nitro‐1H‐pyrrolo[3,2‐c]pyridine through a series of reactions including Suzuki reaction, reduction, protection, and sulfonamide coupling. All the synthesized compounds were screened for anticancer activity against MCF‐7, HeLa, A‐549, and Du‐145 cancer cell lines by the MTT assay. The preliminary bioassay suggests that most of the compounds show antiproliferation with different degrees. Doxorubicin was used as a positive control. Among the synthesized compounds, 8d and 8h were most active compared with the standard in cell line data. The synthesized compounds 8d and 8h show IC50 values in the range of 1.88–5.16 μM for all the cell lines. Compounds 8d and 8h were further studied for a panel of eight human kinase at 10 μM concentrations and the result shows 64% to 70% inhibitions for both Aurora‐A and Aurora‐B kinase.

A series of 5-substitutedbenzylideneamino-2-butylbenzofuran-3-yl-4-methoxyphenyl methanones is synthesized and evaluated for antileishmanial and antioxidant activities. Compounds 4f (IC50 = 52.0 ± 0.09 µg/ml), 4h (IC50 = 56.0 ± 0.71 µg/ml) and 4l (IC50 = 59.3 ± 0.55 µg/ml) were shown significant antileishmanial when compared with standard sodium stibogluconate (IC50 = 490.0 ± 1.5 µg/ml). Antioxidant study revealed that compounds 4i (IC50 = 2.44 ± 0.47 µg/ml) and 4l (IC50 = 3.69 ± 0.44 µg/ml) have shown potent comparable activity when compared with standard ascorbic acid (IC50 = 3.31 ± 0.34 µg/ml). Molecular docking study was carried out which replicating results of biological activity in case of initial hits 4f and 4h suggesting that these compounds have a potential to become lead molecules in drug discovery process. In silico ADME study was performed for predicting pharmacokinetic profile of the synthesised antileishmanial agents and expressed good oral drug like behaviour.

Profenophos is a member of organophosphate insecticide compounds. It is an important insecticide and has a diversifi ed role in agriculture. During the last few years, the Forensic Science Laboratories of Maharashtra, India, detected a large number of human poisoning cases with profenophos. A large number of biological samples were received for toxicological chemical analysis. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) was the preferred method of choice. By observing the results of the toxicological analyses, the conclusion that profenophos plays a key role can be drawn. Cupric ferrocyanide reagent was found to be a selective spray reagent for profenophos in a routine analysis by TLC. Profenophos reacts with cupric ferrocyanide reagent which gives an intense-pink-colored compound. The other organochlorine insecticides, organ phosphorus insecticides, pyrethroids insecticide as well as visceral constituents (amino acids, peptides, proteins, fats, etc.) do not interfere with the cupric ferrocyanide reagent.

Transparent crystalline nanostructured zinc oxide C) aqueous chemical reflux technique on a glass substrate using zinc acetate dihydrate and hexametylene tetra amine as the precursors. The effect of annealing on the morphology and the photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance of thin films were examined. The optical, compositional, morphological, and electrochemical properties are investigated. Optical spectra showed strong light absorption in UV region. The XRD spectra examination demonstrated pure wurtzite phase hexagonal ZnO nanorods. The SEM images confirm uniform, compact and well aligned nanorods were grown on the overall substrate surfaces of both samples. The EDS results indicate that the deposited films contain Zn and O with an atomic ratio of 1: 1. PEC study shows that photoconversion efficiency (ɳ ) is 1.84 % without annealing and it increases to 2.74 % on annealing. KeywordsSingle crystalline, Nanocomposite architecture, Photoconversion efficiency. Introduction: Zinc oxide (ZnO) is an important semiconducting material used for variety of technological applications due to its wide band gap (3.37 eV) and high excitonic energy (60MeV), environmental friendly and low cost material [1-2]. To date ZnO has variety of applications such as solar cells, nanolasers, transparent conductors, optics, photocatalysts, optoelectronics, biological sciences, energy storage, gas sensors and biosensors, photodegradation of organic pollutants, hydrogen generation, paintings, self cleaning coatings, supercapacitors, electronic components, chemical catalysis, medicines, bactericides etc [3-4]. Nowadays various methods have been successfully used to fabricate nanostructured ZnO thin films including, chemical bath deposition (CBD), vapors transport process, chemical vapor deposition, pulsed laser deposition, thermal evaporation method, molecular beam epitaxy, RF magnetron sputtering, electro deposition etc. All these methods require sophisticated instrumentations so need to develop new low cost method for deposition of ZnO thin films [5-6]. In the present investigation, we deposited ZnO nanorod thin films at low temperature using simple aqueous chemical reflux technique. The present technique offers several potential advantages over other solution based techniques and it is simple, low cost process which allows precise control over film thickness and morphology. This technique can be easily applied on a large scale by modifying existing industrial deposition procedures [7]. Most importantly, highly crystalline ZnO thin films can be deposited at relatively low temperatures (78°C). Method and materials: For the deposition of ZnO thin films zinc acetate dihydrate (Zn(CH3COO)22H2O), diethanolamine (DEA) (HN(CH2CH2OH)2, ethanol and hexamethylenetetraamine (HMTA) (CH2)6N4); these analytical reagent (AR) grade chemicals were used without further purification. The solutions were prepared in double distilled water. The glass substrates were ultrasonically cleaned using detergent, acetone and double distilled water. Aayushi International Interdisciplinary Research Journal (AIIRJ) UGC Approved Sr.No.64259 Vol V Issue-III MARCH 2018 ISSN 2349-638x Impact Factor 4.574 Email id’s:aiirjpramod@gmail.com,aayushijournal@gmail.com I Mob.08999250451 website :www.aiirjournal.com l UGC Approved Sr.No.64259 Page No.33 Thin film synthesis: For deposition of seed layer Zinc acetate dihydrate (Zn(CH3COO)2·2H2O), complexed with diethanolamine (DEA) in ethanol solvent. The ultrasonically cleaned glass substrates were dipped in seed solution for 10 sec. then slowly re C for 10 minute and used for deposition. In a typical synthesis, zinc acetate dihydrate and HMTA solutions were prepared in double distilled water. These two solutions were mixed and stirred for 10 minutes. The seeded substrates were dipped in the solution and refluxed to deposit ZnO thin films. Finally, the substrates were washed with double distilled water, dried at room temperature and used for characterization as Z1 s C for 1 hour used as Z2 sample. Results and discussion Growth mechanism: Initially, zinc acetate dissociates in aqueous medium as, Zn(CH3COOH)2+2H2O Zn ++ +2CH3COOH+ 2OH The HMTA reacts with water and form formaldehyde and ammonia. Ammonia formed in this reaction helps for the formation of zinc hydroxide and to adjust pH of the solution, (CH2)6N4+6H2O 6HCHO + 4NH3 NH3 + H2O NH4 The hydroxide ions formed in above reaction react with Zn 2+ ions to formed zinc hydroxide, Zn 2+ Zn(OH)2 During the reflux at 77 ±2 °C for 5 hours zinc hydroxide deposited on the substrate loses water molecules and form ZnO, as per following reaction [8-9], Zn(OH)2 ZnO(s) + H2O Optical absorbance study: UV-Vis-NIR absorption spectra of the deposited ZnO films were recorded in the range of 300-800 nm is shown in Fig.1(a). Fig.1a.Plots of Absorbance Vs wavelength Fig.1b shows plot of (αh ) 2 Vs. h . Using the absorption edge value, band gap was calculated according to the Tauc relation, i.e. (αhν) 2 Vs. hν. The plot of (αhν) 2 vs. hν gives straight line Fig.1(b) at higher energies indicating direct type of transitions [10]. The band gap of Z1 and Z2 samples were found 3.15 and 3.11 eV respectively. Structural study: The XRD patterns of the deposited ZnO thin films were shown in Fig.2. All the obtained peaks well match with the hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure of ZnO (JCPDS 80-0078). No other major impurity peaks were observed in XRD pattern indicating ZnO nanorods having pure hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure. Aayushi International Interdisciplinary Research Journal (AIIRJ) UGC Approved Sr.No.64259 Vol V Issue-III MARCH 2018 ISSN 2349-638x Impact Factor 4.574 Email id’s:aiirjpramod@gmail.com,aayushijournal@gmail.com I Mob.08999250451 website :www.aiirjournal.com l UGC Approved Sr.No.64259 Page No.34 Fig. 2 X-ray diffraction patterns of deposited ZnO thin films. Applying the Debye Scherrer’s formula to the prominent diffraction peak (002) of spectrum, which is unique for hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure of ZnO and the crystallite size is found 30 nm [11]. SEM Analysis: The SEM images of the deposited ZnO thin films were shown in Fig.3. SEM images clearly show the formation of uniform ZnO nanorods on the overall substrate surface. Average length and diameter of ZnO nanorods is found to be 50 nm and 10 nm respectively. Fig.3: SEM cross section and top views of sample Z1 and Z2. The annealed sample shows more regular arrangement of nanorods which can provide the faster conduction pathway for charge transport and the electron transfer time from carrier generation to the collection electrode is significantly reduced results in better PEC performance [12]. Compositional Analysis: An elemental composition of ZnO thin films was analyzed by EDS as shown in Fig.4. Fig. 4: Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrum of Z2 sample. Aayushi International Interdisciplinary Research Journal (AIIRJ) UGC Approved Sr.No.64259 Vol V Issue-III MARCH 2018 ISSN 2349-638x Impact Factor 4.574 Email id’s:aiirjpramod@gmail.com,aayushijournal@gmail.com I Mob.08999250451 website :www.aiirjournal.com l UGC Approved Sr.No.64259 Page No.35 There is no trace of any other impurities could be seen within the detection limit of the EDS as presented in Fig.4. The EDS results indicate that the deposited films mainly consist of Zn and O with an approximate atomic ratio of 1: 1 which is in consistent with the stoichiometry of ZnO. Hence EDS analysis confirms the formation of pure ZnO thin films [13]. PEC Performance: The metal oxide semiconductors can absorb large amount of light radiation to form photogenerated electron–hole pair. The photogenerated electrons can transport directly through crystallites and compact layers to the conducting substrates with minimum loss. This photogenerated electrons travel through the external load and completes the circuit by entering back through the counter electrode [14]. The J-V characteristic curve of ZnO nanorod thin film samples Z1 and Z2 under UV illumination in light and dark is shown in Fig. 4. It was found that with annealing the sample PEC efficiency increases from 1.84 to 2.74%. The low PEC efficiency for without annealed sample (sample Z1) is due to irregular arrangement of nanorods results in spreading of light photons and decreases the light photon absorption efficiency. While on annealing nanorods regularly arranged on the substrate surface increases the light photon absorption efficiency results in increase in the PEC efficiency to 2.74 %. [15]. The PEC solar cell device fabrication and PEC output parameters are as follows, Glass-FTO/ZnO/0.1 M Na2SO4/Graphite Voc Vmax Jsc Jmax FF η % Z1 720 325 0.27 0.16 0.274 1.84 Z2 825 433 0.52 0.32 0.32 2.74 Fig.4: J-V characteristic curve of thin film samples Z2 and Z1. Conclusions: The well aligned, uniform and compact ZnO nanorods can be deposited on overall substrate surface using simple low temperature chemical reflux technique. The absorption spectrum of samples showed the strong absorption in UV region and the band gap were found 3.15 eV and 3.11 eV. The SEM study showed uniform, compact arranged and well aligned nanorods on overall substrate surface. Compositional analysis confirms the formation of ZnO samples. PEC study showed that photoconversion efficiency 1.84 % for as deposited sample increases to 2.74% for annealed sample. Aayushi International Interdisciplinary Research Journal (AIIRJ) UGC Approved Sr.No.64259 Vol V Issue-III MARCH 2018 ISSN 2349-638x Impact Factor 4.574 Email id’s:aiirjpramod@gmail.com,aayushijournal@gmail.com I Mob.08999250451 website :www.aiirjournal.com l UGC Approved Sr.No.64259 Page No.36 References: 1. Mali S. S., Kim H, Shim C, Patil P. S, Kim , J. H, Hong C K., Sci. Rep.,(2013), 3; 3004. 2. Chate P. A, Sathe D J, Hankare P P, J Mat. Sci. Mater Electro, (2011), 22;111. 3. Bouraiou A., Aida M.S., Tomasella, E. Attaf N. J. Mater. Sci. (2009), 44, 1241-1244. 4. Kharade S. D., Ghanwat V. B., Mali S.S., Bae W. R