Stroke examination using a CT scan is a technique that produces 3D brain images without having to do surgery. The purpose of this study was to determine the dose received by each patient who underwent a CT-scan procedure and to improve the image quality of the results. Optimization of the dose for each patient is based on a comparison between the calculated SSDE value and the DRL in the form of CTDIvol and DLP, which are implemented in Indonesia. Improving the quality of CT-Scan images through digital processing using the segmentation method to determine the stroke area. The method used is K-Means segmentation. The results obtained for the SSDE value are the dose received by the patient which is higher than the dose issued by the device or the value. However, the SSDE, CTDIvol, and DLP values are still below the DRL standard range set by BAPETEN, so they are still within the safe inspection threshold. The average CTDIvol value, which is the output dose value of the device from 22 patients, was 41.84 mGy and the 75th percentile value was 42.7 mGy. The average DLP value is 1054.08 mGy.cm and the 75th percentile value of the DLP value is 964.13 mGy.cm. The average value of the SSDE value which is the value of the dose received by the patient is 43.39 mGy and the 75th percentile value is 42.440 mGy. Based on these results, the value of the dose received by the patient is higher than the value of the dose issued by the device. Segmentation using the K-Means method with the number of clusters k = 3 produces an accuracy of 86.3%. This means that the patient receives a dose of CT-Scan radiation within safe limits and his image can be processed properly, as evidenced by the high success of the segmentation process.

In the hospital itself, especially in the MCU Poly Radiology Installation, it is a unit that performs services such as Medical Check Up, making health certificates, and carrying out routine checks at an institution. ECG examination is one of the services most frequently performed routinely by patients. Examinations carried out include medical check-ups, monitoring of long-term therapy, patient to assessment before surgery, individual screening for high-risk jobs, examinations before participating in sporting events, and overall examinations as a condition of employment. This study carried out the process of withdrawing information or object descriptions or identifying objects contained in images by compressing or reducing image data. By using EKG data from TK.IV Samarinda Hospital by carrying out processing stages such as converting analog data to digital, cropping, and applying filters to EKG images. After the filter is applied to the image, it is found that after 5 types of image processing (RGB Image, Grayscale Image, Binary Image, Thresholding Image, and Edge Detection Image) on the results of the ECG signal it can be concluded that the processed signal retains the features of the existing signal and information. . Of the five types of processing methods, the clearest result is conversion to Edge Detection imagery.

Cancer is a large group of diseases that can begin in almost any organ or tissue of the body when abnormal cells grow uncontrollably, beyond their normal limits to invade adjacent parts of the body and/or spread to other organs. There is a lot of information about breast cancer that can be accessed easily. Information about breast cancer can be processed with machine learning. Machine learning can discover new meaningful correlations, patterns and trends by sifting through large amounts of data stored in repositories, using pattern recognition technology and statistical and mathematical techniques. The purpose of this research is to determine the value of the accuracy of the SVM model on training data and testing data; and to determine the precision value of the SVM model on training data and testing data. Wisconsin Breast Cancer (WBC) data available in the UCI Machine Learning Repository. The data have been processed using the Python programming language with a support vector machine (SVM) modeling algorithm. The results of this research indicate that the value of accuracy in training data was equal to , the value of accuracy in testing data was equal to , and the value of precision in the SVM model algorithm was obtained as large as for training data and as large as for data testing.

Craniospinal is known as the method to kill the cancer within a wide radiation area, starting from the cranial to spinal nervous system. In the case, the cancer has spread through the fluid of cerebro spinalis, such as medulloblastoma. We carried out the research to determine the isodose curve in medulloblastoma craniospinal patients and DVH (Dose Volume Histogram) statistic in the OAR (Organ at Risk) by using 3D-CRT radiotherapy technique. To conduct the radiative treatment, we used the moving Junction method in which the radiation was divided into three Iso section, i.e.: Section Iso brain with gantry 90° and 270°, Section Iso thoracic with gantry 0°, and Section Iso lumbar with gantry 0°. Then, we analyzed the isodose curves and DVH statistics created by photon beams of 6 MV and 10 MV with and without considering the dose absorbed by OAR. We found that the isodose curves created with considering the OAR dose were better than those created without considering the OAR dose. We also found that the dose absorbed by OAR was within the tolerance limit stated in ICRU guidelines. Kata Kunci: DVH of statistic, Isodose curve, Craniospinal, Medulloblastoma

The activity of lifting weights has many risks that can lead to complaints and work accidents such as mistakes in lifting excessive loads, overly bent postures, and other complaints that result in uncomfortable working conditions. This research was conducted to determine the risk level of work posture using the REBA method and biomechanics in lifting weights with different lifting variables. The research were took documentation data, angle and distance measurements by using the Kinovea application, and the data analyzed by using the REBA Assessment Worksheet and biomechanical equations. Based on the results obtained, the activity of lifting burdens on workers from the aspect of the REBA method mostly has a high level of risk category and only 1 worker has a moderate level of risk category. Meanwhile, from the biomechanics aspect, most of them have a risk level in the careful category, 1 worker has a risk level in the safe category, and 1 worker who has lifted a load of 50 kg has a risk level in the dangerous category.

Work climate is one of the factors whose gave big influence on the performance of human resources, for both in hot work climate and cold work climate, even the effect is not limited to performance but can go further, specifically on the safety and health of workers. For this reason, it is necessary to measure and evaluate the working climate standard. This study was conducted to determine the effect of hot working climate on the physiological response of workers in the preparation room at PT-X and to find a temperature control strategy in the preparation room at PT-X. The research were carried out in 4 steps, namely: first was collecting data on the work climate in the Preparation Room at PT-X, second was collecting data on the workload of workers in the Preparation Room at PT-X, third was collecting data on the physiological response of the worker in the form of measuring body temperature, measuring blood pressure, measuring pulse rate and measuring the weight of workers. The last step was analysis. Based on the results of the research, the hot working climate affects the physiological response of the workers before and after work. The strategy for controlling the hot working climate in the Preparation Room at PT-X is by increasing the rest time for workers, maximizing the use of PPE (Personal Protection Equipment) for each worker, and adding health signs at the worker's location.

Analysis of the Effect of Age on the Absorption Dose of X-ray Radiation in Thorax Examination. This research aimed at finding out the effect of the patient's age on the absorbed dose obtained during the thorax examination. The observation data used is the exposure factor in the form of the tube voltage (kV), tube current (mA), irradiation time (s), and focus film distance (cm). The age range used is grouped based on the elderly age category established by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia which ranges from 46 years until 85 years of age. From the data on the exposure factor and age of elderly patients, the oneway ANOVA statistical test was conducted. From the results of these statistical tests, the results obtained FCalculate value is 0.201 and sig 0.821 for AP thorax examination and the results obtained FCalculate value is 0.790 and sig 0.476 for PA thorax examination with the FTable value is 3.81 and the sig is 0.05. Therefore, based on the testing criteria in statistics of the initial hypothesis (H0) is accepted or it can be concluded that age does not affect the amount of X-ray radiation absorbed dose received by elderly patients in thorax examinations from the age range of 46 years until 85 years.

Whole body vibration is vibration that propagates throughout the worker's body from vibration sources in the form of machines, vehicles, and so on. In this paper it is reported the results of research to determine the total value of vibration acceleration on several drivers of the public transport in Samarinda and to analyze the comfort level of the drivers receiving the vibration on their bodies. The components of the vibration acceleration were measured by using a vibration meter type of Svantex 106. The comfort level of the driver in receiving the vibration was assosiated with the scale of comfortable level set by the Ministry of Manpower of the Republic of Indonesia by decree number PER.13/MEN/X/2011. The research found that the average of the total value of vibration acceleration received by the drivers in A, B, and C transportations were 0.3877 m/s2 , 0.7056 m/s2 dan 0.6596 m/s2 , respectively. In Samarinda the drivers in B and C transportations were more uncomfortable to receive the whole body vibration than the drivers in C transportation.

Cervical cancer is cancer that grows in the cells on the cervix. Cervical cancer can be treated using radiotherapy. The purpose of this study was to determine the ratio of the dose received by the target volume and Organ at Risk (OAR) as well as the isodose curve using 4 directions of radiation field (gantry angle: 0°, 90°, 180° and 270°) and 2 directions of radiation field (gantry angle: 0° and 180°). The data processing step in this research was to do radiation planning (planning) by using 4 directions of radiation field (gantry angle: 0°, 90°, 180° and 270°) and 2 directions of radiation field (gantry angle: 0° and 180°). Then a comparative analysis of the dose value received by the target volume and Organ at Risk (OAR) was carried out. A comparative analysis of the isodose curve was performed by using each of the techniques. The results obtained from this study are the target volume has minimal dose using the box technique compared to the antero posterior-postero anterior technique. For Organ at Risk, namely bladder and rectum, the dose was minimal by using the box technique compared to using the anteroposteriorpostero anterior technique. Meanwhile, the right and left femoral heads received higher doses using the box technique than the antero-posterior-postero anterior technique. And for the isodose curve planning results using the box technique shows a more even distribution of the dose distribution to the entire target volume compared to the antero posterior-postero anterior technique.

Abstract Noise is unwanted sound that can cause health problems and environmental comfort at a certain level and time. Noise Induced Hearing Loss (NHL) is a type of sensorineural hearing loss caused by exposure to sufficient/loud noise over a long period of time. This study was conducted to determine the effect of noise on the hearing of workers working in the Ground Handling area of ​​Samarinda airport, to determine the noise level received by workers in the Airport Ground Handling Area, and to know the importance of using PPE on the hearing of workers while doing work. The noise measurement method is measuring at predetermined points using a Sound Level Meter. Then, it was continued by measuring the hearing level of workers in a soundproof room alternately using audiometry, then a correlation test was carried out to determine the relationship between the two variables, namely noise and the hearing level of workers. Based on the results of the study, it is known from the results of the average hearing that has been correlated with total noise exposure in the work area, it can be seen that the hearing level of workers is decreasing over time, this is due to the amount of noise exposure received by workers during work activities.

Knowing the condition of the waters is very important for the sustainability of aquatic ecosystems. The condition of the waters so as not to have a bad impact on aquatic ecosystems can be known through temperature and salinity parameters. Seawater temperature is the distribution of heat in the ocean caused by the movement of water and other factors. The salinity of seawater is the level of saltiness or the level of salt dissolved in seawater. Temperature can be measured using a thermometer and salinity is measured using a refractometer. However, using these tools requires time, effort, cost, and manual data retrieval processes. Therefore, this research aims to make a temperature and salinity measuring instrument and determine the relationship between Voltage and salinity in the seawater. This research used the method of measuring electrical conductivity (DHL) to determine a change in magnitude. The temperature and salinity design consisted of an Arduino Uno, a YL-38 Module, and copper as an electrode, and a DS18B20 Temperature Sensor. the result of this research shows that has been done, the average error presentation of salinity is 0.00732% and temperature is 0.044 %. Through this research, salinity and the temperature instrument produced using electrodes made of copper and DS18B20 which operate at a Voltage of 4,8 Volts. The obtained a linear graph between stress and salinity. The relationship between voltage and salinity is directly proportional, the higher the salinity of seawater, the greater the output voltage.

Research has been carried out on the relationship between the level of sound intensity and the distance on region 1 and region 2 from a power generator set (genset) at the Dayaku Raja Hospital, Kota Bangun. The sound intensity level value (β) is used as the dependent variable and the distance value (d) is used as the independent variable. Measurement distance in region 1 is 7 meters, while in region 2 is 30 meters, where measurement space of β is 1 meter used Sound Level Meter. Furthermore, average of β plotted with the distance (d), which the distance from the outer surface of the gensets house wall to measurement point of β (region 1) and the distance from the inner surface of the halfway house wall to measurement point of β (region 2) which the longer of the distance the smaller β are produced, where the linier curves with negative gradient are produced, that is (-1,6dB/m)d + 71,9dB (region 1) dan β = (-0,2dB/m)d + 50,1dB (region 2). On the research, β is on the range of 60 dB to 70 dB on region 1 and 40 dB to 50 dB on region 2 are produced. Thus, β from a power generator (genset) at the Dayaku Raja Hospital Kota Bangun less than Noise Threshold Value based on Peraturan Menteri Tenaga Kerja dan Transmigrasi No. 13/MEN/X/2011.

Lumbar degenerative disk disease can be treated with posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) surgery, which mainly applies a rigid fixation system and a solid metal cage. However, previous clinical studies have observed that adjacent segment degenerative (ASD) disease might occur after using those high-stiffness implants. This article uses finite element analysis to investigate the effects of var...