Processes of the secondary electron emission (SEE) from the walls are included into the Numerical Advanced Model of Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Sources (NAM-ECRIS). It is found that SEE strongly influences electron confinement time and ion production. With the modified model, we observe reactions of the source to changes in a gas flow into the source and in an injected microwave power. The source performance with scaling the hexapole magnetic field is investigated. The calculated tendencies are close to the experimental observations.

The three-dimensional particle-in-cell model NAM-ECRIS is used for investigation of how the DECRIS-PM Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Source is reacting to changes in the source magnetic configuration. The accent is made on changes in the magnetic field at the magnetic trap center, the minimum-B value. It is calculated that the optimal normalized value of the field is 0.8, close to the experimental observations. The reasons for existence of the optimum are discussed. It is observed that the electron energies are increasing with the increased minimum-B values due to enhanced confinement of the energetic electrons in the plasma. Bumps in energy spectra of the radially lost electrons are observed and explained to be due to nonadiabatic losses of electrons.

The three-dimensional NAM-ECRIS model is applied for studying the metal ion production in the DECRIS-PM Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Source. Experimentally measured extracted ion currents are accurately reproduced with the model. Parameters of the injection of metal vapors into the source are optimized. It is found that the axial injection of the highly directional fluxes allows increasing the extracted ion currents of the highly charged calcium ions by factor of 1.5. The reason for the gain in the currents is formation of internal barrier for the ions inside the plasma, which increase the ion extraction and production efficiency. Benefits of injecting the singly-charged calcium ions instead of atoms are discussed.

The Numerical Advanced Model of Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Source (NAM-ECRIS) is applied for studies of the physical processes in the source.Solutions of separately operating electron and ion modules of NAM-ECRIS are matched in iterative way such as to obtain the spatial distributions of the plasma density and of the plasma potential.Results reveal the complicated profiles with the maximized plasma density close to the ECR surface and on the source axis.The ion-trapping potential dips are calculated to be on the level of ~(0.01-0.05)V being located at the plasma density maxima.The highly charged ions are also localized close to the ECR surface.The biased electrode effect is due to an "electron string" along the source axis formed by reflection of electrons from the biased electrode and the extraction aperture.The string makes profiles of the highly charged ions more peaked on the source axis, thus increasing the extracted ion currents.

Many experiments in nuclear physics request the production of metallic ion beams. All elements from lithium up to uranium are of interest and most of them are required as a specific isotope which demands commonly enriched materials. Depending on the material properties beams of rare isotopes can be produced from solid materials or solid compounds. In this report the results of experiments carried out under a collaboration of JINR and iThemba LABS on the production of metallic ions from Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Sources (ECRIS) using resistive oven evaporation, Metal Ions from VOlatile Compounds (MIVOC) method and sputtering technique will be presented.

Three-dimensional numerical model is developed and applied for studies of physical processes in Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Source. The model includes separate modules that simulate the electron and ion dynamics in the source plasma in an iterative way. The electron heating by microwaves is simulated by using results of modelling the microwave propagation in the plasma by the COMSOL Multiphysics software. Extracted ion currents and other parameters of the source are obtained for different gas flows into the source. It is observed that the currents are strongly influenced by ion transport in transversal direction induced by the plasma potential gradients. Impact of some special techniques on the source performance is investigated. Magnetic field scaling is shown to reduce the ion losses during their movement toward the extraction aperture, as well as use of the aluminum chamber walls and mixing of the working gas with helium.