Background: The World Health Assembly (WHA) resolution urges African countries with a high burden of sickle cell anemia (SCA) to design and implement national programs emphasizing early identification through newborn screening (NBS) and prompt access to adequate preventive care. Despite this recommendation, NBS and early prophylactic interventions remain insufficiently implemented in many sub-Saharan African countries. This pilot program aimed to establish and evaluate NBS for sickle cell disease (SCD) as a health intervention in C & ocirc;te d'Ivoire, determine the birth prevalence of SCD, and assess the feasibility of linkage to comprehensive care. Methods: We conducted a prospective, multicenter cross-sectional study from June 2022 to December 2024. The study population included all women who delivered in five maternity hospitals and received pre- and post-test counseling. Umbilical cord blood samples from all live newborns were screened using a rapid diagnostic test (RDT) (HemotypeSC). All positive RDT results were confirmed using reference capillary electrophoresis. Results: A total of 6,337 newborns were screened using RDTs, of whom 825 (13.02%) had abnormal hemoglobin profiles (including 9.45% HbS and 3.57% HbC). Among the 825 RDT-positive cases, only 506 newborns underwent confirmatory capillary electrophoresis. Confirmatory testing showed 84 (16.6%) with normal hemoglobin (HbAA); 112 (22.13%) with SCD-including 1.98% HbSS, 2.17% HbSC, 1.38% HbS/beta(0)-thalassemia, and 16.60% HbS/beta(+)-thalassemia; 217 (42.8%) with sickle cell trait (HbAS); and 93 (18.3%) with HbAC. Among the 112 infants confirmed with SCD, only 68 were successfully enrolled in comprehensive care services. Conclusions: This study represents the first report of an NBS program for SCD implemented as a public health intervention in C & ocirc;te d'Ivoire. The findings demonstrate that NBS is both necessary and feasible within the country. Low-cost RDTs present a practical first-line screening option but require confirmation with gold-standard diagnostic tools such as capillary electrophoresis. Immediate linkage to comprehensive care for infants diagnosed with SCD remains a critical component of program success and warrants further strengthening.

La biopsie ostéo-médullaire associée à l’étude histologique reste un atout majeur dans la mise en évidence des pathologies de la moelle osseuse. L’objectif de cette étude était de montrer l’intérêt de la biopsie ostéo-medullaire colorée à la réticuline dans le diagnostic de ces affections. Une étude transversale a eu pour cadre le laboratoire central du Plateau et l’UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques d’Abidjan. Elle a réuni 35 blocs d’inclusion à paraffine contenant des biopsies ostéo-médullaires (BOM) sur lesquels des coupes histologiques ont été réalisées. Les colorations d’hématoxyline-éosine et de la réticuline ont été effectuées pour examen microscopique. L’âge moyen des patients était de 45,1 ± 16,9 ans avec des extrêmes de 19 et 77 ans. L’aspect histologique après coloration à l’Hématoxyline-éosine (H&E) a indiqué 13 cas de fibrose médullaire (37,1%) et la coloration de la réticuline a confirmé 6 six (6) cas de fibrose réticulinique (17,2%). La coloration de la réticuline a mis en exergue six cas de fibrose réticulinique. Cette fibrose réticulinique, s'observe lors des syndromes myéloprolifératifs, en particulier de la myélofibrose avec métaplasie myéloïde. Pour identifier les fibroses non réticuliniques, il aurait fallu associer à la coloration de la réticuline celle du trichome de Masson.

Aims: The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency among pregnant women attending antenatal visits at the Eastern health district of Abobo in Abidjan, Ivory Coast. Study Design: Pregnancy causes metabolic changes that lead to numerous complications such as hemorrhage, hypertension, and anemia. The main cause of anemia is iron deficiency. However, iron status is not systematically assessed during pregnancy in Côte d'Ivoire. Therefore, the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in this population is unknown. Place and Duration of Study: This study took place in five health centers located in the Eastern health district of Abobo, a constituent town of the city of Abidjan in Côte d’Ivoire, between February 2022 to November 2022. Methodology: Pregnant women were recruited during antenatal visits. After securing the patients' consent, the sociodemographic, clinical and biological data were collected using a survey form during an individual interview. Biological analyses such as whole blood cell count, serum iron and ferritin level assessment were performed. Results: 500 pregnant women were recruited, with an average age of 27.65 ± 6.28 years. The prevalence of anemia was 24.2% (121/500), with normochromic normocytic anemia being the most common type of anemia with 61.5% (101/500), followed by hypochromic microcytic anemia with 35.5% (60/100). Several iron metabolism disorders were identified, the most common being inflammatory syndrome with 26.0% (130/500), followed by inflammatory anemia with 17.6% (88/500), and iron deficiency with 10.4% (52/500). Conclusion: The efficient management of anemia in pregnant women depends on the etiology and requires testing with iron biomarker measurements, which will enhance the effectiveness of prenatal interventions.

Background: In Côte d'Ivoire so far, the circulating haplotypes have been inferred on the phenotypic profiling of SCD patients. The impact of the circulating haplotypes on the use of Hydroxyurea has not been assessed yet. Therefore the objective of this study is to identify in Abidjan the HbS haplotypes that modulate HU treatment responses. Methods: In a cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study, children aged 5 to 15 years with SCD, and carrying the hemoglobin phenotypes SSFA2 and SFA2, were recruited into a HU treatment cohort. Various parameters on the haplotypes and the outcomes of the treatment were analyzed. Results: Thirty nine children with SCD were included. The phenotypic profile of the cohort was 86.6% of SSFA2 and 15.4% of SFA2. Three haplotypes were found, the Benin haplotype, the Senegal haplotype, and an atypical one. The participants belonged to three genotypes, Benin/atypical (64.1%), Benin/Senegal (33.3%) and Senegal/Senegal (2.6%). Overall, HU treatment was successful in all haplotypes with 12 out of 39 patients failing treatment after 12 months in the Benin haplotype group. The association between HU treatment success and the Benin haplotype was found in terms of the decrease in the number of white blood cells and the students missing class. Conclusion: The study revealed that inferring haplotype based on the phenotypic profile could be inaccurate. The proportion of atypical haplotype that were not previously described in Côte d'Ivoire was high. All the haplotypes seemed to be associated with HU treatment success but some patients with Benin haplotype did not respond well.

In Africa, the prevalence of diabetes is escalating and remains a concern due to the numerous complications it causes. Vascular damage associated with diabetes leads to a prothrombotic state observed in diabetic individuals. Diabetes is a complex and multifactorial disease involving genetic components. With the aim of preventing complications and contributing to an efficient management of diabetes, we investigated genes likely to lead to a risk of thrombosis, in particular the C677T of MTHFR, G20210A of prothrombin, and R506Q of factor V Leiden in type 2 diabetics in Abidjan receiving ambulatory care. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on consenting type 2 diabetic patients. Mutation detection was carried out using the PCR-RFLP method employing restriction enzymes. Hemostasis tests (fibrinogen, D-dimers, fibrin monomers, and von Willebrand factor) were performed using citrate tubes on the Stage? Star Max automated system. Plasminogen activator inhibitor was assayed by ELISA method, and biochemical parameters were determined using the COBAS C311. The study population consisted of 45 diabetic patients, 51.1% of whom presented vascular complications, mainly neuropathy. Disturbances in hemostasis parameters were observed, with 15.5% of patients showing an increase in fibrin monomers. Mutation analysis revealed an absence of factor V mutation (factor V Leiden) and of G20210A mutation of the prothrombin gene. However, 15.6% of subjects had a heterozygous C677T mutation of MTHFR, with 57% of them being anemic. The exploration of biological and genetic factors associated with thrombotic risk is of significant interest in the optimal management of African type 2 diabetics.

Background: The lives of individuals affected by sickle cell disease are marked by painful crises sometimes accompanied by complications. Curative treatments such as bone marrow transplantation or gene therapy exist, but are not currently performed in Côte d'Ivoire. Treatment with hydroxyurea remains an effective alternative. The aim of our study is to contribute to improving the management of children with sickle cell disease. Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study from November 2017 to April 2019 at the at the Yopougon University Hospital. Children aged 5 to 15 years experiencing at least 3 vaso-occlusive crises (VOC) per year were included in the study after obtaining informed and written consent from their parents. Each patient received a daily dose of 15mg/kg of hydroxyurea. Results: The mean age of the children was 9 years. More than 75% of patients were homozygous SSFA2 major sickle cell individuals. After 6 months on hydroxyurea, our study observed rates of 84.4%, 100%, and 97.8%, respectively, for the absence of vaso-occlusive crises, hospitalization, and transfusion. Biologically, from M0 to M12 the mean hemoglobin level increased significantly, from 7.24 to 8.55 g/dL; white blood cell (WBC) and platelet counts decreased; Fetal hemoglobin (Hb F) increased significantly from 10.3% to 19.7%. Biochemical parameters within normal ranges, except for a moderate treatment-related increase in transaminases. Conclusion: The induction of fetal hemoglobin (Hb F) production through hydroxyurea intake is the primary mechanism by which hydroxyurea modifies the pathogenesis of sickle cell disease

Introduction : Hemoglobinosis C and S are the most common structural abnormalities in West Africa. They worsen the overall health of carriers, particularly in pregnant women, leading to high-risk pregnancies and contributing to maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to investigate hemoglobinopathies C and S in pregnant women. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from February to December 2022. It focused on pregnant women attending consultations at five health care facilities in the Abobo-East health district. Hemogram analysis was performed using the Sysmex XT 2000i, and hemoglobin electrophoresis at alkaline pH was conducted on the Helena system. Data were collected and analyzed using Microsoft Excel® 2016. Results: Among the 500 selected patients, the mean age was 28 ± 6 years. 32.8% of women were anemic. 78.2% had normal hemoglobin, while 21.8% had hemoglobinopathies. Qualitative hemoglobinosis accounted for 21.2%, and suspected thalassemias were 0.6%. The prevalence of hemoglobin S and hemoglobin C was 15.2% and 6%, respectively. Healthy AS and AC carriers represented 20% of the study population. Conclusion: The results of this study show a high prevalence of hemoglobinopathies C and S in community settings. A mandatory national strategy for the screening and management of hemoglobinosis in maternity wards throughout the country would be desirable.

Objectives: Sickle cell disease (SCD) has a varied clinical and biological expression depending on the hemoglobin phenotype: SSFA 2 , SFA 2 , SAFA 2 and SC.Considering the antioxidant properties of the different haptoglobin phenotypes (Hp 1-1, Hp 2-1, Hp 2-2), it seemed relevant to know their influence on the morbidity of the different hemoglobin phenotype of SCD.Thus, the objective of this study was to identify associations between haptoglobin phenotype and morbidity of different SCD phenotypes.Methods: In a retrospective cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study, with a cohort of 170 black African carriers of hemoglobin S, in Ivory Coast, West Africa, hemoglobin and haptoglobin phenotypes were determined by electrophoretic methods.Results: The three major phenotypes of haptoglobin polymorphism were found in the SCD cohort: Hp 1-1 (24.1%),Hp 2-1 (56.5%),Hp 2-2 (19.4%).Vaso-occlusions were associated with haptoglobin phenotype Hp 1-1, (OR = 2.03; CI 95% = [1.06-3.9]; p < 0.05).Probability of worse morbidity score was 4.55 times greater for hemoglobin phenotype different from SSFA 2 (CI 95% = [1.43-14.44]) and the probability of having the Hp 1-1 phenotype was lower (CI 95% = [0.170-0.705]).Conclusions: Haptoglobin phenotype was associated to morbidity-adjusted hemoglobin phenotype.The study revealed a greater probability of a worse morbidity when the hemoglobin phenotype is homozygous.Unexpectedly, the worse morbidity is associated to

18Feb 2020 EVALUATION AND COMPARISON OF ANTI-SICKLING ACTIVITIES OF MACERATED SEEDS OF CAJANUS CAJAN AND PHENYLALANINE Emma N Draman-Donou , Mahawa Sangare-Bamba , Emmanuel Drogon , Yvette Fofie , Marie France Meledje and Duni Sawadogo Department of Hematology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, University of Felix Houphouet Boigny, Abidjan, Ivory Coast. Department of Pharmacology, Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, University of Felix Houphouet-Boigny, Abidjan, Ivory Coast. Unit of Pediatric Nephrology University, CHU (University Hospital) of Yopougon, Abidjan, Ivory Coast. Unit of Hematology, Central Laboratory, University Hospital of Yopougon, Abidjan, Ivory Coast.

Introduction Acute leukaemia are the clonal and malignant proliferation of immature hematopoietic cells (blast), blocked in their differentiation process. There is an interaction between cancer cells and the clotting process. This could be the expression of Tissue Factor (TF) on the surface of tumor cells; or a lesion of the vascular endothelium and platelet activation. The result is an activation of clotting that can lead to disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC). The objective of this study was to assess the risk of DIC occurring in patients with acute leukaemia. Methods This was a cross-sectional study for analytical purposes that took place on 40 frozen samples from the biobank of the haematology laboratory of Teaching Hospital Yopougon for which the diagnosis of acute leukaemia had been taken from myelogram. The myelogram results were accompanied by hemogram data. PTTa, QT, fibrinogen and D-Dimers were performed on these samples. The risk assessment of DIC occurred was determined on the recommendations of the International Society of Thrombosis and Hemostasis (ISTH). Results We noted a female predominance with a Sex Ratio (M / F) of 0.90. The average age of the patients was 38 years (± 23 years) with extremes ranging from 2 to 84 years. ALL represented 20 % of cases against 80 % for AMLs. Hemogram parameters were characterized by severe anaemia (Tx Hb < 6 g / dL) in 52.5 % of cases; hyperleukocytosis > 100.103 / mm3 in 35 % of cases; thrombocytopenia < 25.103 / mm3 in 40 % of case; and significant blood and spinal cord blastosis (> 80 %). The lengthening of the PTTa was observed in 50 % of cases, compared to 40% for the QT. Similarly, hyperfibrinemia was present in 65% of cases. D-Dimers were high in almost all subject (95 % of cases). According to the ISTH criteria, 17.5 % of subjects were at risk of developing a DIC. Conclusion The risk of occurrence of DIC is indeed present during acute leukaemia. The parameters of haemostasis are thus found to be crucial data in the follow-up assessment during the diagnosis of acute leukaemia.

Introduction : L’hemophilie est une maladie hereditaire rare a transmission recessive liee au chromosome X. Les principaux symptomes sont l’hemorragie, les hematomes, l’anemie et les douleurs articulaires dans les hemarthroses. Ces deux derniers signespeuvent se retrouver au cours des hemoglobinopathies. Ainsi, l’objectif de cette etude etait de rechercher la presence d’hemoglobinopathies qualitatives dans une cohorte d’hemophiles suivis au service d’hematologie clinique du CHU de Yopougon.Methodes : C’est une etude transversale qui s’est deroulee de Janvier a Juillet 2017 au niveau de l’unite d’hematologie du laboratoire central du CHU de Yopougon. Sur les prelevements de 49 patients, ont ete effectues l’hemogramme, l’electrophorese de l’hemoglobine, le taux de prothrombine (TP), le temps de cephaline activee (TCA) et le dosage des facteurs VIII et IX par la methode chronometrique.Resultats : La moyenne d’âge etait de 17 ans avec 73,5% d’eleves et etudiants. Les hemarthroses (75,5%) et les hematomes (36,7%) constituaient l’essentiel des signes cliniques. La complication majeure etait la deformation articulaire a 34,7%. Sur les 49 patients constituant la cohorte, le pourcentage d’hemophiles A etait de 89.8% (44/49) et celui d’hemophiles B 10,2% (5/49), avec 81,6% (40/49) d’hemophiles severes. La frequence des hemoglobinopathies qualitatives est de 8,2% (4/49) avec 6,2% de trait drepanocytaire AS (3/49) et 2% d’hemoglobine AC (1/49).Conclusion : Cette etude a mis en evidence la presence d’hemoglobinopathies qualitatives, pouvant coexister avec l’hemophilie, ce qui peut compliquer la prise en charge et la qualite de vie des patients. Mots cles : Hemophilie, hemogramme, electrophorese, Abidjan. English title: Research of qualitative haemoglobinopathies in hemophiliacs in Abidjan, Cote d’Ivoire Introduction: Hemophilia is a rare hereditary disease with X-linked recessive inheritance. The main symptoms are haemorrhage, hematoma, anemia and joint pain associated with hemarthrosis. These last two signs can also be found during haemoglobinopathies. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the presence of qualitative haemoglobinopathies in a cohort of hemophiliacs followed in the clinical hematology department of Yopougon University Hospital. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that took place from January to July 2017 at the hematology unit of the central laboratory of the Yopougon University Hospital. On the samples of 49 patients, blood count, haemoglobin electrophoresis, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and factor VIII and IX were measured by the chronometric method. Results: The average age was 17 with 73.5% of students. Haemarthrosis (75.5%) and hematoma (36.7%) constituted the bulk of clinical signs. The major complication was joint deformity with 34.7%. Of the 49 patients in the cohort, the proportion of hemophiliacs A was 89.8% (44/49) and that of hemophiliac B was 10.2% (5/49), with 81.6% (40/49) of all patients showing severe haemophilia. The frequency of qualitative haemoglobinopathies was 8.2% (4/49) with 6.2% of haemoglobin AS or sickle cell trait (3/49) and 2% of haemoglobin AC (1/49). Conclusion: This study highlighted the presence of qualitative hemoglobinopathies that can coexist with hemophilia, which can complicate the management and quality of life of patients. Keywords: Hemophilia, hemogram, electrophoresis, Abidjan.

ABSTRACT Background. Customer satisfaction is at the heart of laboratory strategies. It is an essential concept in the healthcare quality approach. In Cote d’Ivoire, there are few reports on biomedical laboratorie customer satisfaction, especially those attending teaching hospitals. We conducted a survey to assess the perceived quality of the services offered in the haematology unit of the central laboratory at the teaching hospital of Yopougon, Abidjan, Cote d’Ivoire. Methods. A survey questionnaire was used to collect data on various aspects of the pre-analytical phase (including access to the premises, reception, cleanliness of the sampling room) and the post-analytical phase (turn-around times). Results. Costumer’s satisfaction was at 80 % of the surveyed sample for the opening hours, 67 % for the help desk and 58 % for turn-around times. Overall, less than 50 % of customers were satisfied with the services offered by the haematology unit of the teaching hospital of Yopougon. Conclusion. A customer satisfaction survey does not solve all the problems in the quality of the services offered. It makes it possible to pinpoint the strengths and weaknesses of the concerned unit, in order to take corrective actions. RESUME Introduction. La satisfaction client est placee au cœur des strategies des laboratoires. Elle est un concept essentiel dans la demarche qualite sante. En Cote d'Ivoire, il y a peu d’etudes sur la satisfaction des clients au sein des laboratoires centraux dans les CHU. C'est dans ce cadre que nous avons mene une enquete de satisfaction client pour evaluer la qualite des services proposes dans l'unite d'hematologie du laboratoire central du CHU de Yopougon. Methodes. Une fiche d'enquete a permis d'obtenir des informations sur differents aspects de la phase pre-analytique (y compris l'acces aux locaux, l'accueil, la proprete de la salle de prelevement) et la phase post-analytique (delai de rendu des resultats). Resultats. Lors de la phase pre-analytique, 80% des clients ont apprecie les horaires d'ouverture du laboratoire, alors que seulement 67% etaient satisfaits de l'accueil. Au cours de la phase post-analytique, 58% des clients etaient insatisfaits du delai de rendu des resultats. Globalement, moins de 50% des clients sont satisfaits des services proposes par l'unite d'hematologie du CHU de Yopougon. Conclusion. Une enquete de satisfaction client ne resout pas tous les problemes mais permet au moins de diagnostiquer les forces et les faiblesses de l’unite de sante concernee, afin de prendre des mesures correctives.

Abstract Aim : Type 3 von Willebrand disease (VWD) is the most severe form of VWD, characterized by a near-total absence of von Willebrand factor (vWF) leading to a huge deficiency in plasmatic factor VIII (FVIII). VWD may be confused with hemophilia A, sometimes leading to misdiagnosis. The purpose of this work was to finalize the biological diagnosis of patients with FVIII activity deficiency in Abidjan, in order to guide the best type of management. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study from June 2018 to April 2019. Forty-nine patients, all of whom had lower FVIII levels or had been referred for bleeding disorder, were monitored in the clinical hematology service. Pro-coagulant activity of coagulation factors was performed in Abidjan. The assays for von Willebrand antigen and activity were performed at Nîmes University Hospital in France. Results: The mean age of patients was 13.8 years (1 – 65) and 86% were Ivorian. FVIII deficiency was discovered during a biological checkup, circumcision or post-traumatic bleeding, in 33%, 31% and 29% respectively. The FVIII level of patients was classified as severe (89.8%), moderate (8.2%) and mild (2%). Only one patient had a quantitative deficiency of von Willebrand factor (vWF: Ag <3%) with undetectable von Willebrand factor activity (vWF: Ac) and an FVIII level <1%. Conclusion: Not all of the constitutive deficits of FVIII are hemophilia A. It was very important to assess the Willebrand factor of these patients followed in Côte d'Ivoire for whom hemophilia A had been suspected.

La greffe de cellules souches hematopoietiques est une therapeutique de nombreuses hemopathies malignes. Les cellules progeniteurs assurent le fonctionnement et la reconstitution du systeme hematopoietique a court terme et long terme. Grâce aux avancees biotechnologiques, la cytometrie de flux permet de differencier les sous populations cellulaires grâce a leurs antigenes de surface caracteristiques. L’objectif de cette etude etait de quantifier par cytometrie de flux les cellules souches hematopoietiques CD34+/CD19+ du sang de cordon ombilical en vue de la greffe de cellules souches hematopoietiques.Cette etude transversale s’est deroulee au laboratoire du CHU de Yopougon. Elle a ete realisee sur le sang de cordon ombilical de nouveaux nees. Sur ces echantillons nous avons realise un hemogramme et un immunophenotypage. Le taux moyen des globules blancs etait de 12794±4359.mm-3 avec 5597±2323 cellules mononuclees mm-3. Le nombre moyen des CSH CD34+ etait de 384 ± 577 cellulles.mm-3 avec 27,72±46,85 cellules.mm-3 de progeniteurs B (pro B) CD34+CD19+. Cette etude a revele que le taux de cellules CD34+CD19+ est dependant, du nombre de leucocytes (P=0,0003), du taux de cellules mononuclees (p=0,001) et du taux de cellules CD34+ (p<0,001).Le sang de cordon ombilical contient des cellules mononuclees, des cellules souches hematopoietiques CD34+ et un faible taux de cellules pro B CD34+CD19+ soit 27,27 cellules.mm-3. Bien que le nombre de cellules mononuclees soit faible, les cellules souches hematopoietiques du sang de cordon ont des capacites de proliferation et d'expansion plus grandes, favorisant la prise de greffe.Mots cles: Sang, cordon ombilical, cellules souches, greffe de cellules soucheshematopoietiquesEnglish Title: Quantification by cytometry of flux of lymphoid progenitors CD34+ CD19+ of umbilical cord bloodEnglish AbstractHematopoietic stem cell transplant is a treatment of many hematological malignancies. Progenitor cells ensure the functioning and the reconstitution of the hematopoietic system in the short-term. Thanks to advances in biotechnology, the development of flow cytometry allows to differentiate sub cell populations through their characteristic markers. The objective of this study was to characterize and quantify hematopoietic stem cells by flow cytometry CD34+/CD19+ of umbilical cord blood. Our descriptive cross-sectional study took place in the laboratory of Teaching Hospital of Yopougon. It was performed on the blood of the umbilical cord of new born. On these samples we did a complete blood count and an immunophenotyping. The average rate of white blood cells was 12794±4359.mm-3 with 5597±2323 cells.mm-3 mononuclear cells. The average number of the hematopoietic stem CD34+ cells were with 27.72±46.85 cellule.mm-3 of progenitor’s B (pro B) CD34 + CD19 +. This study revealed that the cells be richness was influenced by the parity of mothers (p = 0.003). Rate of cells CD34+CD19+ is dependent, the rate of leukocytes (P =0.0003), mononuclear cells rate (p = 0.001) and the rate of CD34 + cells (p< 0.001).Umbilical cord blood contains mononuclear cells, hematopoietic stem CD34 + cells and a low rate of pro B CD34 + CD19 + cells (7,27 cells.mm-3). Although low, the number of mononuclear cells of cord blood hematopoietic stem cells have abilities of proliferation and largest expansion, favoring engraftment.Keywords: Blood, umbilical cord stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells

Les couts onereux du traitement dans la drepanocytose conduisent, les patients a s’orienter vers la medecine traditionnelle. Une etude anterieure a montre l’activite antifalcimiante de l’extrait aqueux des graines de Cajanus cajan (Fabacees). En vue d’identifier l’extrait le plus actif, il a ete propose comme objectif d’evaluer in vitro l’effet antifalcimiant de differents extraits des graines de Cajanus cajan. L’etude de l’activite antifalcimiante s’est faite sur les prelevements sanguins de 32 drepanocytaires homozygotes SSFA2. Apres induction de la falciformation des globules rouges, l’ajout d’un extrait dans chaque tube a permis d’evaluer l’activite antifalcimiante par le decompte des drepanocytes au microscope optique. Les extraits des graines de Cajanus cajan contiennent des sterols, polyterpenes, polyphenols, des flavonoides et des alcaloides. Tous les extraits diminuaient le taux de drepanocytes d’environ 60% apres 30 mn de contact. Cette etude a permis de montrer que les differents extraits des graines de Cajanus cajan possedent des vertus antifalcimiantes tout comme l’extrait aqueux.Mots cles: Cajanus cajan, extraits, activite antifalcimiante, AbidjanEnglish Title: Evaluation of the antisickling activity of different extracts of Cajanus cajan (Fabacees) seeds on sickle cells in Abidjan-Cote d’IvoireEnglish AbstractThe expensive costs of treatment in sickle cell disease lead patients to move towards traditional medicine. A previous study showed the antifalcimiant activity of the aqueous extract of the seeds of Cajanus cajan (Fabaceae). In order to identify the most active extract, it has been proposed to evaluate in vitro the antifalcimiant effect of different extracts of Cajanus cajan seeds. The study of antifalcimiante activity was done on the blood samples of 32 SSFA2 homozygous sickle cell patients. After induction of sickling of the red blood cells, the addition of an extract in each tube made it possible to evaluate the antifalcimiant activity by the counting of the sickle cells under an optical microscope. The extracts of Cajanus cajan seeds contain sterols, polyterpenes, polyphenols, flavonoids and alkaloids. All extracts decreased the sickle cell count by about 60% after 30 minutes of contact. This study has shown that the different extracts of the seeds of Cajanus cajan possess antifalcimiante virtues just like the aqueous extract.Keywords: Cajanus cajan, extracts, antifalcimiant activity, Abidjan

Introduction: En Cote d’Ivoire, les accidents vasculaires cerebraux (AVC) sont deplus en plus frequents. Les anomalies biochimiques sont decrites au cours de ces pathologies. Cependant une composante hematologique est de plus en plus evoquee. L’objectif de cette etude a ete de rapporter les anomalies hematologiques au cours des AVC chez des patients noirs africains a Abidjan.Methodologie: Cette etude transversale a ete realisee dans le service de neurologie du CHU de Cocody et le laboratoire de l’Institut National de Sante publique. L’AVC a ete objective par la Tomodensitometrie. L’hemogramme, la vitesse de sedimentation, le bilan de coagulation et les tests specialises d’hemostase (D dimeres, PAI, RPCa, AAPL) ont ete effectues.Resultats: L’etude a concerne 130 patients âges de 25 a 93 ans ,72 cas d’AVCH et 58 cas d’AVC I ont ete diagnostiques, l’HTA etait le facteur de risque majeur (66,92 %). L’anemie etait presente chez 57 % des patients, de type hypochrome microcytaire dans les AVC H (62,5 %) et normochrome normocytaire dans les AVC I (53,5 %). Une thrombopenie notee dans 17,39 % des cas, la vitesse de sedimentation acceleree chez la majorite des patients (83,48 %). Le bilan de coagulation de routine etait en general normal independamment du type d’AVC (77,91 %). Des taux eleves de DDimeres (88,76 %) et de PAI (35ng/ml), la positivite aux AAPL (27 %) et une absence de la RPCa ont ete observes.Conclusion: Des anomalies hematologiques ont ete observees au cours des AVC chez le noir africain. La prise en compte de celles-ci permettrait un meilleur suivi des patients atteints d’AVC.Mots cles: AVC, anemie, thrombophilie, D dimeres, AbidjanEnglish Title: Haematological abnormalities in the stroke in Abidjan (Ivory Coast)English AbstractIntroduction: In Ivory Coast, stroke is becoming more and more. Biochemicalabnormalities are common in these pathologies. However hematologic component is increasingly raised. The objective of the study was to report the hematological abnormalities in the stroke among black African patients in Abidjan.Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the neurology department of the University Hospital of Cocody and the laboratory of the National Institute of Public Health. The stroke was objectified by CT Scanning. The complete blood count, erythrocyte sedimentation, coagulation balance sheet and specialized tests of hemostasis (D dimer, PAI, APCR, AAPL) were performed.Results: One hundred and thirty patients aged between 25 and 93 years had been enrolled, 72 cases of hemorrhagic stroke and 58 cases of ischemic stroke have been diagnosed, High blood pressure was the major risk factor (66.92%). Anemia was present in 57% of patients, of type hypochromic microcytic in hemorrhagic stroke (62.5%) and normochromic normocytic in ischemic stroke (53.5%). Thrombocytopenia noted in 17.39% of cases, accelerated sedimentation rate in the majority of patients (83.48%). Routine coagulation profile was normal in general regardless of the type of stroke (77.91%). High levels of both D-dimer (88.76%) and IPA (35 ng / ml), positive to AAPL (27%) and absence of APC resistance have been observed.Conclusion: Hematological abnormalities were observed in stroke among the black African. Consideration of these would ensure better monitoring of stroke patients.Keywords: Stroke, anemia, thrombophilia, D-dimer, Abidjan

La drepanocytose est une maladie genetique qui constitue un probleme de sante publique en Cote d’Ivoire. Etant donne les couts onereux du traitement, les patients s’orientent vers la medecine traditionnelle avec l’utilisation de plantes, parmi lesquelles Cajanus cajan . L’objectif de ce travail etait de realiser une etude phytochimique et d’evaluer in vitro l’effet antifalcimiant des graines de Cajanus cajan . Cette etude experimentale s’est effectuee en deux phases : une premiere consacree a la caracterisation des graines et l’autre concernait l’etude de l’activite antifalcimiante in vitro de ces graines. L’etude de l’activite antifalcimiante s’est faite sur les prelevements sanguins de 30 drepanocytaires homozygotes SSFA 2 . Apres induction de la falciformation des globules rouges, l’ajout de l’extrait aqueux de la plante a permis d’evaluer l’activite antifalcimiante par la recherche des drepanocytes au microscope optique. Les graines de Cajanus cajan  contiennent des sterols, polyterpenes, polyphenols, des flavonoides, des tanins et des alcaloides. Elles sont depourvues de toute toxicite aigue. L’extrait aqueux diminuait le taux de drepanocytes d’environ 50% apres 30 mn de contact. Cette etude a permis de montrer que les graines de Cajanus cajan possedent des vertus antifalcimiantes. © 2015 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved. Mots cles: Cajanus cajan , phytochimie, activite antifalcimiante, drepanocytose, Abidjan English Title: Characterization and in vitro evaluation of the antisickling effect of the seeds of Cajanus cajan (Fabaceae) on sickle cells in Abidjan - Cote d’Ivoire English Abstract Sickle cell anemia is a genetic disease that constitutes a public health problem in Cote d'Ivoire. Given the high cost of treatment, patients in Africa turn to traditional medicine with the use of plants, including Cajanus cajan . The objective of this work was to make a phytochemical study and to evaluate in vitro the antisickling effect of seeds of Cajanus cajan . This experimental study was carried out in two phases: the first was devoted to the characterization of the seeds and the other concerned the study of the in vitro antisickling activity of these seeds. The study was done on the blood samples of 30 SSFA 2 homozygote patients with sickle cell anemia. After induction of the sickling of red blood cells, the addition of the aqueous extract of the plant allowed the evaluation of the antisickling activity by the search for sickle cells under an optical microscope. Cajanus cajan seeds contain sterols, polyterpenes, polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins and alkaloids. They are without any acute toxicity. The aqueous extract reduced the rate of sickle cells of about 50% after 30 min of contact. This study made it possible to show that the seeds of Cajanus cajan have antisickling virtues. © 2015 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved. Keywords: Cajanus cajan , phytochemical, antisickling activity, sickle cell anemia, Abidjan

La drepanocytose est une maladie genetique qui constitue un probleme de sante publique en Cote d’Ivoire. Etant donne les couts onereux du traitement, les patients s’orientent vers la medecine traditionnelle avec l’utilisation de plantes, parmi lesquelles Cajanus cajan . L’objectif de ce travail etait de realiser une etude phytochimique et d’evaluer in vitro l’effet antifalcimiant des graines de Cajanus cajan . Cette etude experimentale s’est effectuee en deux phases : une premiere consacree a la caracterisation des graines et l’autre concernait l’etude de l’activite antifalcimiante in vitro de ces graines. L’etude de l’activite antifalcimiante s’est faite sur les prelevements sanguins de 30 drepanocytaires homozygotes SSFA 2 . Apres induction de la falciformation des globules rouges, l’ajout de l’extrait aqueux de la plante a permis d’evaluer l’activite antifalcimiante par la recherche des drepanocytes au microscope optique. Les graines de Cajanus cajan  contiennent des sterols, polyterpenes, polyphenols, des flavonoides, des tanins et des alcaloides. Elles sont depourvues de toute toxicite aigue. L’extrait aqueux diminuait le taux de drepanocytes d’environ 50% apres 30 mn de contact. Cette etude a permis de montrer que les graines de Cajanus cajan possedent des vertus antifalcimiantes. © 2015 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved. Mots cles: Cajanus cajan , phytochimie, activite antifalcimiante, drepanocytose, Abidjan English Title: Characterization and in vitro evaluation of the antisickling effect of the seeds of Cajanus cajan (Fabaceae) on sickle cells in Abidjan - Cote d’Ivoire English Abstract Sickle cell anemia is a genetic disease that constitutes a public health problem in Cote du0027Ivoire. Given the high cost of treatment, patients in Africa turn to traditional medicine with the use of plants, including Cajanus cajan . The objective of this work was to make a phytochemical study and to evaluate in vitro the antisickling effect of seeds of Cajanus cajan . This experimental study was carried out in two phases: the first was devoted to the characterization of the seeds and the other concerned the study of the in vitro antisickling activity of these seeds. The study was done on the blood samples of 30 SSFA 2 homozygote patients with sickle cell anemia. After induction of the sickling of red blood cells, the addition of the aqueous extract of the plant allowed the evaluation of the antisickling activity by the search for sickle cells under an optical microscope. Cajanus cajan seeds contain sterols, polyterpenes, polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins and alkaloids. They are without any acute toxicity. The aqueous extract reduced the rate of sickle cells of about 50% after 30 min of contact. This study made it possible to show that the seeds of Cajanus cajan have antisickling virtues. © 2015 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved. Keywords: Cajanus cajan , phytochemical, antisickling activity, sickle cell anemia, Abidjan