Abstract—New methods for the synthesis of NASICON of the composition Na1 + xZr2P3 – xSixO12 (0 ≤ x ≤ 3) were presented. In the work, the method of pyrolysis of organic solutions was used, which takes a minimum time to synthesize the material. Various options for the composition and heat treatment of precursors were considered. The effect of rosin on the pyrolysis process and the phase composition of the final products was discussed. The optimal conditions for the synthesis of the low-dimensional monoclinic polymorph Na3Zr2Si2PO12 with homogeneous composition were determined.

What was the role of French literature and culture in the work of A.N. Ostrovskii, one of the most original, “soil” authors of the 19th centure? Why did contemporaries find a French trace in his most original dramas, and why did mastery of the French language (which he himself knew by no means perfectly) become one of the constant topics discussed by the characters of his dramas? These are the questions asked by the author of this article, dedicated to the anniversary of perhaps the most famous Russian playwright, who was a corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences. The use of French words, Gallicisms, and macaronic language is analyzed by Ostrovskii from the point of view of the processes taking place in Russian culture from the mid-19th century, when it ceased to be a culture of bilingualism but was still actively and sometimes painfully experiencing, this time at the everyday level, its failed bilingualism. Along the way, in the context of Ostrovskii’s Gallophilia/Gallophobia, the question is raised about the specifics of the playwright’s attitude to the literary tradition and, in particular, to the tradition of N.V. Gogol.

The interaction of tungsten mineral raw materials with a mixture of NH 4 HF 2 and (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 upon heating was studied. It was determined that, first, at temperatures up to 200°C, the incoming components are fluorinated to form complex and simple fluorides. A further increase in temperature is accompanied by the decomposition of ammonium sulfate to form NH 4 HSO 4 , which leads to the conversion of fluorides into sulfates and of the tungsten ammonium fluoride complex into tungstic acid H 2 WO 4 . It was shown that water leaching of the product of the decomposition of tungsten-containing mineral raw materials with a mixture of NH 4 HF 2 and (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 makes it possible to extract tungsten from mineral raw materials in the form of the commercial product WO 3 .

The article is written in memory of Yury Mann and follows the life and work of the prominent scholar, whose books not only constitute a landmark phenomenon of Russian literary studies but also offer a new perspective on a number of episodes in the history of literature. Mann’s scholarly career was shaped in the years after WWII. In his book of memoirs, written towards the end of his life, Mann attempts an analysis of his philological pursuits and how, trying to keep up with contemporary trends, he would still occasionally find himself to be an outsider. The article sets out to explain how Mann’s personal and scholarly journey eventually resulted in his remarkable achievements.The author pays special attention to a lesser-known sphere of Mann’s interests: his analytical studies of modern literature (among fellow philologists, he is mostly known as an expert on Gogol and Russian romanticism), his thoughts on conventionality in art, and compelling evidence that Mann’s works follow traditions of Russian formalism.

Приведены результаты исследования взаимодействия боросиликатного минерального сырья с гидродифторидом аммония и сульфатом аммония. Установлено, что фторирование гидродифторидом аммония протекает в температурном интервале 100– 150ºС с образованием комплексных фтораммониевых солей бора, кремния и металловпримесей, взаимодействие основных компонентов сырья с сульфатом аммония начинается при достижении температуры термического разложения (NH4)2SO4 ~300ºС и с наибольшей скоростью протекает в температурном интервале 340–365 ºС с образованием борной кислоты и двойного сульфата кальция и аммония. Найдены условия для перевода в раствор основного количества бора и отделения его от сопутствующих компонентов в виде H3BO3. Предложены замкнутая технологическая схема переработки боросиликатного минерального сырья гидродифторидом аммония и замкнутая схема переработки сульфатом аммония с получением товарных продуктов: фторобората аммония, борной кислоты, аморфного кремнезема и высококачественного плавикошпатового концентрата, что будет способствовать рациональному использованию минерального сырья и улучшению качества окружающей среды в регионе. Ключевые слова: боросиликатное минеральное сырье; комплексная переработка; гидродифторид аммония; сульфат аммония.

NASICON with a composition of Na 3 Zr 2 Si 2 PO 12 was first synthesized by pyrolysis of a mixture of organic solutions. The ratio of initial components required for the formation of this composition was determined. The temperature conditions for processing the precursor were examined. The material was obtained with an average grain size of 0.2 μm. The composition and morphology of the compound were confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy. The synthesis of NASICON takes 9 h on the average, which is the minimum time among all known methods for the preparation of this material.

The article discusses the category of silence and its unique realization in the works of S. Mallarmé and O. Mandelstam. In their search for a new language of the new era, Romantic poets of Europe, and later the Symbolists, promoted the categories of rhythm, suggestiveness, melodiousness, and silence. E. Dmitrieva analyzes Mallarmé’s essays and poems, including ‘A Throw of the Dice’ (which anticipates the poetics of the late 20th c. with its unusual typographic layout), and the poem’s visual interpretation by O. Redon, who decodes its internal meanings with a cryptogram ‘quiet-silence-death.’ The second part of the article is devoted to Mandelstam’s poetry. According to Dmitrieva, the poet’s reputation as a Russian Mallarmé almost certainly originates in the Western studies of Mandelstam’s oeuvre. In order to substantiate the analogy, his scholars often point out the two poets’ fondness for suggestiveness, the magic of words, and the opportunities offered by their liberal combination, seen as a special form of ‘associative symbolism.’ Dmitrieva follows the progression of this method in Mandelstam’s poetry and examines several verses that reveal distinct affinities with Mallarmé.

The results of a study of the opening of titanium-, boron- and tungsten-containing concentrates by NH4HF2, (NH4)2SO4 and a mixture of these reagents are presented. It has been shown that during solid-phase interaction with the indicated reagents, when heated to 200°C, fluorination of the components included in the concentrate occurs with the formation of simple and complex fluorides; a further increase in temperature leads to the formation of ammonium hydrosulfate NH4HSO4, which, when interacting with the formed fluorides, leads to their conversion into soluble double sulfates. The ways of extracting components of concentrates with obtaining commercially demanded compounds as commercial products are shown.

The interaction of gold-containing rock and titanium-containing mineral raw materials with a mixture of ammonium hydrodifluoride NH 4 HF 2 and ammonium sulfate (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 at temperatures below 430°C has been studied. A comparative analysis showed that the use of a mixture of NH 4 HF 2 and (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 allows more complete winning of mineral raw materials compared to the use of ammonium hydrodifluoride alone. The mixture of NH 4 HF 2 and (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 is recommended as a new promising reagent for the decomposition of rocks and mineral raw materials for complete extraction of the product into solution during water leaching.

Currently, there are two main technologies for processing of titaniumcontaining concentrates in industry: sulfuric acid and chlorine, the main raw materials for which are rutile, ilmenite, and titanomagnetite. However, the structure of domestic titanium-containing raw materials is distinguished by a large proportion of non-traditional sources, being simultaneously titanium-containing, inferior in titanium content to traditional types of titanium raw materials - ilmenite and rutile - and rare-metal raw materials,which requires the creation of new technical solutions.

A method for synthesis of bioactive glass and glass ceramics by doping Bioglass 45S5 with zirconium dioxide has been proposed. The method is based on pyrolysis of a mixture of organic solutions containing sodium oleate, calcium oleate, tetraethoxysilane, tributyl phosphate, and zirconyl oleate. Doping in a wide range (5–60 wt % ZrO2) has been employed. Effect of zirconium dioxide on glass properties has been studied by X-ray powder diffraction, X-ray electron spectroscopy, extremal solutions, and immersion in SBF. The doping has been found to change physical and chemical properties of Bioglass 45S5. X-ray amorphous state and reduced chemical solubility retain on increase in zirconium dioxide content in glass up to 10 wt %. Doping above 10 wt % partially removes sodium and silicon from glass network to insoluble crystalline phase, which enhances chemical solubility of resultant glass ceramics. No loss of bioactive properties of the material has been observed in this case. A method for preparing dense glass ceramics based on ZrO2 has been proposed, where Bioglass 45S5 behaves as a bioactive phase. The material shows strength >450 MPa and can be used in reconstructive surgery as loadable implants.

The results of studying the solid-phase reaction of a datolite concentrate with ammonium sulfate are described. It is found that the reactions of the main components of the concentrate with (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 begin when the temperature of thermal decomposition of (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 is reached (about 300°C) and continue at the highest rate in the temperature range of 340–365°C. Conditions are determined for transferring the main amount of boron into the solution and separating it from the accompanying components in the form of H 3 BO 3 .

The article is concerned with the difference in understanding of the term ‘cosmopolitan’ inRussiaandFrance. Often considered a predominantly negative phenomenon inRussia, cosmopolitanism fi st provoked a discussion at the time when the emphasis shifted from ideology to understanding of the historical-literary process. Since the late 18th c., the idea of the possible existence of a literary work within the global literary environment (the concept of world literature) was adjusted by the ‘golden chain’ metaphor, which enabled implementation of the ‘universality’ concept as a unity principally separate from the French idée universelle. During this evolutionary period emerged a distinctive subject of literary history: fi st, ‘humanity’ as a general term (initially identifi with universalism or cosmopolitanism), and then ‘a nation’. But it is the discovery of the national that the author believes is connected with particularism and provincialism, the latter summoning the memory of the noble intention of universalism and cosmopolitanism. An interim summary of the process was produced by Joseph Texte, a professor of comparative literature inLyon, at the end of the 19th c.

A method for obtaining radio-opaque bioglasses by the pyrolysis of organic solutions has been proposed; the solutions contain tetraethoxysilane, tributyl phosphate, sodium oleate, and calcium oleate in turpentine, as well as extracts of bismuth and tantalum in a benzene solution of tri -n -octylamine. This method allows one to obtain bioactive radio-opaque glasses as powder materials, as well as coatings on different porous carriers.

ZrO 2 /TiO 2 /SiO 2 (ZrO 2 up to 6.7 mass%) composites with variable oxide ratios that were fabricated by a template sol–gel method were studied. The morphology was described. The structure was analyzed using scanning electron and confocal laser microscopy, small-angle x-ray scattering, and Raman spectroscopy. It was established that the composites were nanostructured micron-sized tubes of ZrO 2 /TiO 2 /SiO 2 . The microtubes were constructed from nanoparticles with the anatase structure and general formula Ti 1-x Zr x O 2 (x = 0–0.05). Changes of Raman spectra were examined as a function of ZrO2 content in the composites and the annealing temperature. The contribution of optical phonon scattering to the ν 8 (E 1g ) peak position was determined. The ν 4 (B 1g ) peak position and the gyration radius of the nanocrystallites were shown to be related.

The exponential reduction of the concentration of cobalt ions in the solution with time accompanied by the release of aluminum ions is observed during the electrolysis of aqueous solutions containing Co-EDTA using aluminum electrodes. The conditions and physical and chemical mechanism of the process are under discussion.

Приведены результаты исследований распределения элементов по сечению, морфологии, адгезии и противокоррозионных свойств ПТФЭ-оксидных слоев, сформированных методом плазменно-электролитического оксидирования в электролите Na2SiO3 + NaOH со стабилизированными силоксан-акрилатной эмульсией дисперсными частицами ПТФЭ. Покрытия имеют не традиционное для ПЭО-слоев строение. Основной массив покрытия, толщиной до 80 мкм состоит из политетрафторэтилена и продуктов деструкции как частиц ПТФЭ, так и эмульсии. Переходной слой между металлом и полимерным покрытием имеет толщину 10 мкм, содержит оксиды алюминия и кремния. Потеря веса образца после ультразвуковых воздействий в воде составляет 1, что говорит об удовлетворительной адгезии покрытия к металлу и когезии между фрагментами покрытия. Покрытия имеют развитую поверхность с порами размерами в десятки мкм. После отжига на воздухе при температуре 200°C поры заполняются полимером, при этом резко возрастают противокоррозионные характеристики покрытий. В результате отжига при температуре 400°C полимерное покрытие возгоняется, сохраняется переходной оксидный слой толщиной 10 15 мкм.