The past tense is often used inconsistently, even by very advanced ESL learners. In this article, it is suggested that a major cause of the problem is a failure by teachers and students to recognize the extent to which a speaker's point of view and purpose in performing a speech act condition the choice between the present and past tenses in actual discourse. Following an analysis of the meaning and discourse function of the past tense, suggestions are offered for teaching and practicing this tense in context.