Hypophysectomy causes a decline in accumulation of the amino acid analogue, α-aminoisobutyrate (AIB), in adrenal and diaphragm muscle of functionally nephrectomized rats. Either Corticotropin A or insulin increase AIB accumulation to an equivalent extent in adrenal of hypophysectomized rats; both hormones also increase AIB uptake in diaphragm muscle, but insulin is more effective in this tissue. The combined influence of these hormones on both tissues is greater than either alone. The significance of these observations for protein synthesis and growth in the adrenal are discussed.

Studies on the permeability properties of bisected rat adrenals, incubated in vitro, have revealed marked differences from those which obtain in vivo. Thus, in absence of ACTH in vivo D-xylose is excluded from a major fraction of the cell water, but in vitro D-xylose rapidly penetrates and appears to equilibrate in about 70% of the cell water. In vivo, ACTH increases sugar distribution, but under in vitro circumstances, where a corticosteroidogenic response is observed, ACTH has no significant influence on rate of penetration or intracellular distribution of D-xylose. ACTH does, however, tend to increase inulin space of sectioned rat adrenal in vitro. While these findings suggest that the steroidogenic effect of ACTH in vitro is not dependent upon hormonal regulation of sugar availability, the possibility remains that an important aspect of ACTH action in vivo, where permeability barriers are operative, involves regulation of sugar permeability.

The influence of estradiol-17β on distribution of certain non-metabolizable sugars, the “non-utilizable” amino acid (AIB) and Na22 in uterus of functionally nephrectomized castrate rats was examined. Uterine cells did not exclude D-xylose-1-C14 in absence of estradiol, and no effect on uterine permeability to D-xylose-1-C14 or α-aminoisobutyric acid-1-C14 was observed 1.5 hr after hormone administration, at which time changes in uterine metabolism of carbohydrate and protein have been established.

THE following series of 100 consecutive cases operated on for convergent concomitant squint is recorded to; show the degree of success which can be obtained by operation combined with orthoptic treatment.The patients were children from 6 to 14 years old, referred from the Salford Education.Committee Clinic and operated on at the Salford Municipal Hospital.It is estimated that in the orthoptic clinic approximately 45 per cent. of con- comitant squint cases are of the accommodative type and respond