Contact DermatitisVolume 12, Issue 4 p. 222-224 Allergenic degradation products of para-tertiary butylphenolformaldehyde plastic K. E. Malten, K. E. Malten Section of Occupational Dermatitis, Department of Dermatology, Catholic University, Javastraat 104, Nijmegen, The NetherlandsSearch for more papers by this authorE. Seutter, E. Seutter Section of Occupational Dermatitis, Department of Dermatology, Catholic University, Javastraat 104, Nijmegen, The NetherlandsSearch for more papers by this author K. E. Malten, K. E. Malten Section of Occupational Dermatitis, Department of Dermatology, Catholic University, Javastraat 104, Nijmegen, The NetherlandsSearch for more papers by this authorE. Seutter, E. Seutter Section of Occupational Dermatitis, Department of Dermatology, Catholic University, Javastraat 104, Nijmegen, The NetherlandsSearch for more papers by this author First published: April 1985 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.1985.tb01113.xCitations: 24AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume12, Issue4April 1985Pages 222-224 RelatedInformation

Contact DermatitisVolume 11, Issue 2 p. 127-128 Phenolformaldehyde resin in paper K. E. Malten, K. E. Malten Department of Dermatology, Section of Occupational Dermatology, University of Nijmegen, The NetherlandsSearch for more papers by this authorB. Shutter, B. Shutter Department of Dermatology, Section of Occupational Dermatology, University of Nijmegen, The NetherlandsSearch for more papers by this author K. E. Malten, K. E. Malten Department of Dermatology, Section of Occupational Dermatology, University of Nijmegen, The NetherlandsSearch for more papers by this authorB. Shutter, B. Shutter Department of Dermatology, Section of Occupational Dermatology, University of Nijmegen, The NetherlandsSearch for more papers by this author First published: July 1984 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.1984.tb00947.xCitations: 10AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. References 1 Malten K E. Contact sensitizations caused by paratertiary butyl phenol and certain phenolformaldehyde-containing glues. Dermatologica 1967: 135: 54. 2 Malten K E, Rath R, Pastors P H M. p-tertiary butylphenol formaldehyde and other causes of shoe dermatitis. Dermatosen in Beruf und Umwelt 1983: 31: 149. 3 Mitchell J, Rook A. Botanical dermatology. Vancouver : Greengrass, 1979: 599. 4 Arctander S. Perfume and flavor chemicals. Published by the author, Montclair, NJ, USA: 1969. 5 Rietveld E C, Plate R, Seutter-Berlage F. Mechanism of formation of mercapturic acids from aromatic aldehydes in vivo. Arch Toxicology 1983: 52: 199. 6 Williams R T. Detoxication mechanisms, 2nd edition. London : Chapman & Hall. 1959: 332, 335. 7 Opdyke D L J. Salicylaldehyde. Food and Cosmetics Toxicology 1979: 17: 903. Citing Literature Volume11, Issue2July 1984Pages 127-128 ReferencesRelatedInformation

Contact DermatitisVolume 11, Issue 1 p. 56-58 Contact dermatitis from acrylated resins in UV Ebecryl printing inks K. E. Malten, K. E. Malten Derpartment of Dermatology, Section of Occupational Dermatology, University of Nijmegen, The NetherlandsSearch for more papers by this authorE. Seutter, E. Seutter Derpartment of Dermatology, Section of Occupational Dermatology, University of Nijmegen, The NetherlandsSearch for more papers by this author K. E. Malten, K. E. Malten Derpartment of Dermatology, Section of Occupational Dermatology, University of Nijmegen, The NetherlandsSearch for more papers by this authorE. Seutter, E. Seutter Derpartment of Dermatology, Section of Occupational Dermatology, University of Nijmegen, The NetherlandsSearch for more papers by this author First published: June 1984 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.1984.tb00183.xCitations: 9AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume11, Issue1June 1984Pages 56-58 RelatedInformation

Contact DermatitisVolume 9, Issue 2 p. 152-152 The sensitizing potential of neopentyl methacrylate in the guinea pig Th. H. Waegemaekers, Th. H. Waegemaekers Section or Occupational Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, Catholic University Nijmegen, Javastraat 104, 6524 MJ Nijmegen, The NetherlandsSearch for more papers by this authorE. Seutter, E. Seutter Section or Occupational Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, Catholic University Nijmegen, Javastraat 104, 6524 MJ Nijmegen, The NetherlandsSearch for more papers by this author Th. H. Waegemaekers, Th. H. Waegemaekers Section or Occupational Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, Catholic University Nijmegen, Javastraat 104, 6524 MJ Nijmegen, The NetherlandsSearch for more papers by this authorE. Seutter, E. Seutter Section or Occupational Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, Catholic University Nijmegen, Javastraat 104, 6524 MJ Nijmegen, The NetherlandsSearch for more papers by this author First published: April 1983 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.1983.tb04329.xCitations: 1AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume9, Issue2April 1983Pages 152-152 RelatedInformation

The quick passage of methyl methacrylate at 21 degrees C and 35 degrees C through seven surgeon's glove materials in a diffusion chamber was quantified by gas-chromatographic analysis. Polystyrene-butadiene dissolved in methyl methacrylate, latex and polychlorobutadiene showed reversible expansion, during which material from the samples dissolved. In order to prevent these phenomena from interfering with the analyses, experiments were performed with 4.7 M methyl methacrylate in ethanol. Even then, the time in which methyl methacrylate permeated the membrane was too short for sufficient protection. When using these gloves, the orthopaedic surgeon who is fixing endoprostheses is no doubt occlusively exposed to methyl and other methacrylates, benzoyl peroxide, rubber additives, etc. Of glove materials which are not surgically used, vinyl was inferior to latex, whereas a very thin polyethylene copolymer did not change in methyl methacrylate, showed better resistance to diffusion, but was insufficiently elastic and easily perforated. A better protective material is urgently needed.

Concomitant sensitization to hydroquinone and p‐methoxyphenol occurred in sensitization experiments with acrylic monomers in guinea pigs. No relation between the concentration of the inhibitor in the monomers and the incidence of these concomitant sensitizations could be detected. Concomitant sensitization did not influence the cross reaction pattern of the acrylic monomers. The sensitizing potential of acrylic monomers is not influenced by the inhibitors, but some acrylic monomers, seem to interfere with the sensitizing potential of the inhibitors.

Whole-body autoradiography was performed in the guinea pig with methyl (2,3-14C)-acrylate. Radioactive material quickly disappeared from the body after oral and, somewhat slower, after i. p. administration for the greater part.

1. After administration to rats of methyl acrylate (I), methyl methacrylate (II) and methyl crotonate (III), urinary mercapturic acids were isolated and identified as the dicarboxylic acids N-acetyl-S-(2-carboxyethyl)cysteine (IV, R = H), N-acetyl-S-(2-carboxypropyl)cysteine (V, R = H) and N-acetyl-S-(1-methyl-2-carboxyethyl)cysteine (VI, R = H) and for a minor part as their monomethyl esters IV (R = CH3) and VI (R = CH3). 2. After a single dose of the acrylates (I), (II) and (III) (0.14 mmol/kg), the excretion of the thioethers amounted to 6.6 +/- 0.6, 0.0, and 2.0 +/- 0.6% dose respectively. 3. After 18 h previous administration of the carboxylesterase inhibitor tri-o-tolyl phosphate (0.34 mmol/kg) the excretion of the thioethers amounted to 40.6 +/- 2.1, 11.0 +/- 3.3, and 16.0 +/- 2.0% dose. 4. For methyl acrylate (I) the ratio of the excreted dicarboxylic acid and monomethyl ester was 20:1. After previous administration of tri-o-tolyl phosphate this ratio was 1:2.

Two patients showed occupational contact sensitization to a component present in the Nyloprint photopolymer printing plate. The component could not be identified chemically. It contains an acrylamide group. Both patients gave group‐specific reactions to NN' methylene bis acrylamide. This must be a closely related substance. Possible preventive measures are discussed. The manufacturer should have disclosed the allergic substance and instructed his customer adequately. A “philosophy” concerning this point is being developed.

In the metabolism of a systemically administered corticosteroid, one of three possible main pathways is determined by the position in the molecule of the substituents which are added in the drugs to the naturally occurring ones. (I) Chiefly, hydrogenation in ring A and/or the 20-position: cortisol, cortisoine, prednisolone, prednisone, and 6alpha-methylprednisolone (II) In the presence of a substituent in the 16-position mainly 6beta-hydroxylation: dexamethasone, betamethasone, and triamcinolone. (III) In the presence of a substituent in the 16-position, and fluorine in the 6alpha-position principally defluorination in the 6alpha-position and 6beta-hydroxylation: fluocortolone and paramethasone. Complete metabolism, in long-term use, can be expected in the case of the substances mentioned under II and III, but not of those under I. Enzyme induction, both actively and passively, is negligible in group I and marked in groups II and III.

Glutathione was estimated in 98 blood samples from dermatological patients; in only two cases, both of contact eczema, a value considerably below normal was found. Glutathione reductase was assayed in blood samples from 139 different patients and 21 normal controls. The activity was significantly higher in atopic dermatitis (17 patients). A significantly greater variable was found among patients with non methotrexate-treated psoriasis (44), light sensitivity (12) and scleroderma (5). In the methotrexate-treated psoriatic group (24) and mean and variability did not differ significantly from normal. In most hospitalized patients a low glutathione reductase activity rose within a few weeks, but in a case of dermatitis herpetiformis a very low level persisted for 3 months. Blood samples with very low glutathione reductase activity, taken from a case of psoriasis and from a patient on griseofulvin treatment, gave a positive peroxide test and tended to hemolyze; these returned to normal together with the glutathione reductase activity.

Crude sweat was obtained from patients suffering from atopic dermatitis, prurigo and acrocyanosis, and also from normal subjects. K, Cl, phosphate, sialic acid, Zn, Fe, Cu, and the activity as a co-substrate in the oxidation of NADH with catalase, were determined. The amount of analysable sialic acid increased 4.5 times by incubation with neuraminidase. The zinc concentration was about twice that of blood plasma. Significant positive correlations were found between Fe and Zn or Cu, and between the concentration before hydrolysis with neuraminidase and K or Cl. A significant negative correlation appeared between the activity as an oxidative co-substrate and the Zn concentration. In normal subjects, the Fe/K ratio was higher; in atopic dermatitis, Cu and Fe concentrations were lowered. In prurigo, Cl was lowered and Zn was raised. In acrocyanosis, the activity as an oxidative co-substrate was lowered. In normal subjects, the variability in the Cu concentration was lower.