BACKGROUND/AIM Low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) have been shown to be a major risk factor for coronary artery disease. Multiple distinct subspecies have been identified among LDL particles on the basis of differences in size, density, and chemical composition. Particles with a diameter of <25.5 nm are defined as small dense LDL (sdLDL) and have been shown to be associated with increased risk of coronary disease. Subjects with predominance of sdLDL (pattern B) tend to have higher levels of triglyceride (TG) and lower levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). In this study, we investigated the distribution of LDL subgroups in subjects with different types of hyperlipidemia, such as hypertriglyceridemia (hyperTG), hypercholesterolemia (hyperCHO), and combined hyperlipidemia (HL). MATERIALS AND METHODS We used gradient gel electrophoresis and a precipitation method with heparin-magnesium reagent to determine LDL subgroups. RESULTS It was found that there was a significant (P < 0.02) association between the lipid panel and LDL subgroups. The percentage of sdLDL in all HL groups was higher than in controls, and the ratio of sdLDL was highest in patients with hyperTG. CONCLUSION The predominance of sdLDL is closely related to hyperTG and low HDL-C levels.

Oxidative stress and reduced microvascular flow are important factors in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The increased oxidative stress reduces the eriytrocyte deformability. However, in IBD, there are no studies in the literature which evaluate erythrocyte deformability.

Abstract Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 80-85% of all cases of lung cancer and is known to be caused by smoking and other carcinogenic agents. Oxidatively induced DNA damage is involved in multiple modifications and mutations in DNA, thereby in pathogenesis of cancer as well as other diseases. In this study, we compared the tumor tissues to the surrounding healthy tissues obtained from 29 NSCLC patients who had undergone surgical resection. The levels of oxidatively induced DNA lesions such as 2,6-diamino-4-hydroxy-5-formamidopyrimidine (FapyGua), 8-hydroxyguanine (8-OH-Gua) and (5′S)-8,5′-cyclo-2′-deoxyadenosine (S-cdA) were measured by gas chromatography/isotope-dilution mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography/isotope-dilution mass spectrometry. We found that the level of S-cdA was statistically significantly greater in cancer tissues than that in control tissues (p=0.0063), whereas the levels of FapyGua and 8-OH-Gua showed no significant difference between the two groups. There was no significant correlation between DNA damage and age, smoking or pathological stage. These results provide evidence for significant accumulation of S-cdA in tumor tissues compared to surrounding healthy tissues in NSCLC. The evaluation of the alterations in the levels of DNA lesions may contribute to the elucidation of the DNA repair defects in NSCLC. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3943.

Objective: Sulfhydryl groups of protein, glutathione and free cysteine are readily oxidized to disulfides by oxidants, and are important indicators of oxidative stress. Our aim was to apply the Ellman method for assay of sulfhydryl groups to microplate scale and to determine this method's analytical performance.Method: Reaction products produced by methanolic 5,5'-dithiobis (2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB) were measured at 412 nm using a multimode microplate reader that contains a monochromator.Results: In standard curve, linearity was obtained in the range of 0.01-4.0 mM concentration of reduced glutathione concentration. Reproducibility of the assay within-run, within-day and between-days were detected as between 6.2%-7.5%. Recovery of glutathione was 91-113%. The method could also be used with tissue homogenates, after solubilization by sodium dodecyl sulfate.Conclusions: The Ellman's reaction can be applied at the microplate scale with good analytical performance and is a quick and reliable method for use with numerous plasma and tissue samples.