A taxonomia do grupo Pithecellobium é muito complexa por ser baseada, quase exclusivamente, em caracteres de frutos e sementes. No entanto, caracteres vegetativos e florais, embora pouco utilizados para diagnosticar gêneros e espécies, podem ser de grande utilidade para identificação destes táxons & nível regional. Este trabalho tem, portanto, o objetivo de fazer um levantamento das espécies do grupo Pithecellobinm na caatinga da Bahia e produzir chaves de identificação que usem, principalmente, caracteres vegetativos. São apresentados os resultados referentes a um dos gêneros deste grupo, Enterolobium, o qual apresenta duas espécies na caatinga baiana: E. contortisitiquum e E. timbouva. Além dos carpológicos, foram selecionados os seguintes caracteres como utéis para identificação destes táxons: persistência dos parafilídios, localização dos nectários extraflorais, número de foliólulos por pina, comprimento do pedúnculo e indumento do perianto.

As currently circumscribed, the legume genus Enterolobium comprises 11 species in two sections: E. sect. Enterolobium and E. sect. Robrichia, with an overall distribution from Mexico to Argentina and a centre of diversity in Amazonia. In the absence of the characteristic indehiscent fruits, Enterolobium is difficult to distinguish from other genera in the ingoid clade, including Albizia sensu lato, Samanea, and Cathormion. Previous phylogenetic studies which have included Enterolobium have sampled few species of the genus, leaving questions about its monophyly and interspecific relationships. Here we evaluate the circumscription of Enterolobium and its two infrageneric taxa, their phylogenetic placement in the ingoid clade, and interspecific relationships within the two sections of the genus. Our study includes all Enterolobium species, and analyses of nuclear (ITS and ETS) and plastid (trnD-T and trnL-F) molecular regions, and morphology. Bayesian inference, maximum parsimony, and maximum likelihood analyses show that Enterolobium, as presently circumscribed, is not monophyletic. The genus is divided into two well-supported independent clades, corresponding to the two previously recognized sections; one of them is sister to the genus Leucochloron and is here raised to generic rank as the genus Robrichia, with three species, Robrichia glaziovii, Robrichia oldemanii and Robrichia schomburgkii. The genus Enterolobium consequently now comprises eight species and is more closely related to a clade composed of Albizia and Falcataria. This new arrangement is reinforced by morphological synapomorphies recovered by ancestral character state reconstructions. Indumentum type, the number of pinnae pairs per bipinnate leaf and leaflet pairs per pinna, inflorescence type, and fruit shape characterize Robrichia, while the recognition of Enterolobium remains based on fruit traits. We also provide the formal lectotypifications for E. contortisiliquum, E. cyclocarpum, E. gummiferum, E. maximum, E. monjollo, and R. schomburgkii.

Phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequence data sampling all species of Leucochloron alongside representatives of genera of the Inga and Albizia clades of the larger ingoid clade of mimosoid legumes (sensu Koenen et al. 2020) confirm the non-monophyly of the genus Leucochloron. We show that Leucochloron bolivianum is placed in the Albizia clade, while the remaining four species of Leucochloron are placed in the Inga clade, in line with previous results. To rectify this non-monophyly, L. bolivianum is segregated as the new genus, Boliviadendron, with a single species, Boliviadendron bolivianum, narrowly endemic to the interior Andean valleys of Bolivia. We illustrate this new segregate genus, present a map of its distribution and discuss the striking lack of morphological distinctions between Boliviadendron and Leucochloron, as well as the phylogenetic and morphological affinities of Boliviadendron to the genera Enterolobium and Albizia.

We present the taxonomic treatment of the genus Enterolobium for the state of Bahia, Brazil. Five species were recorded, for which we provide an identification key, descriptions, comments, data on the period of fruiting and flowering, as well as illustrations and maps of geographical distribution in Bahia.

Abstract: Leguminosae includes six subfamilies, where the traditionally recognised subfamily Mimosoideae was accepted as a distinct clade included within the recircumscribed subfamily Caesalpinioideae, called informally as Mimosoid clade. The representatives of the tribes Acacieae and Ingeae can be differentiated principally in terms of the patterns of their stamens, being free in Acacieae and monadelphous in Ingeae. The floristic survey of Acacieae and Ingeae in the Environmental Protection Area Serra Branca included analysis of specimens collected from June 2011 to September 2012. The analyses were supplemented with dried collections from the following herbaria: ALCB, HRB and HUEFS. Ten species were cataloged, distributed among four genera of Ingeae: Calliandra Benth. (1 sp.), Chloroleucon (Benth.) Britton & Rose ex Record (1 sp.), Enterolobium Mart. (1 sp.), Pithecellobium Mart. (1 sp.); and one genus of Acacieae: Senegalia Raf. (6 spp.). The most representative species were Calliandra aeschynomenoides Benth. associated with sandy and stony soils and Chloroleucon foliolosum (Benth.) G.P.Lewis and Senegalia bahiensis (Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger growing on sandy-clay soils. The taxonomic treatment includes a key for the identification, descriptions, illustrations, photos, data of the geographical distribution phenological data and comments about the species.

A floristic survey of the genera Blanchetiodendron, Chloroleucon and Leucochloron is presented for the state of Bahia, Brazil. Five species of Chloroleucon (C. acacioides, C. dumosum, C. extortum, C. foliolosum and C. tortum), two of Leucochloron (L. limae and L. minarum) and the only species of Blanchetiodendron (B. blanchetii) were recognised. Identification keys to genera and species, descriptions and comments for taxa, as well as illustrations and distribution maps of the species in Bahia, are presented.

Abstract An updated inventory of Brazilian seed plants is presented and offers important insights into the country's biodiversity. This work started in 2010, with the publication of the Plants and Fungi Catalogue, and has been updated since by more than 430 specialists working online. Brazil is home to 32,086 native Angiosperms and 23 native Gymnosperms, showing an increase of 3% in its species richness in relation to 2010. The Amazon Rainforest is the richest Brazilian biome for Gymnosperms, while the Atlantic Rainforest is the richest one for Angiosperms. There was a considerable increment in the number of species and endemism rates for biomes, except for the Amazon that showed a decrease of 2.5% of recorded endemics. However, well over half of Brazillian seed plant species (57.4%) is endemic to this territory. The proportion of life-forms varies among different biomes: trees are more expressive in the Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest biomes while herbs predominate in the Pampa, and lianas are more expressive in the Amazon, Atlantic Rainforest, and Pantanal. This compilation serves not only to quantify Brazilian biodiversity, but also to highlight areas where there information is lacking and to provide a framework for the challenge faced in conserving Brazil's unique and diverse flora.

Three new species of Calliandra section Monticola are described and illustrated: C. bromelioides, C. lewisii and C. oroboensis. All of them are endemic to the Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil. In addition we present a study of the pollen morphology using light microscopy and scanning electron micrographs. An identification key for the three new species and the most morphologically similar species in section Monticola is also provided.

We reconstructed phylogenetic relationships in Leguminosae subfam. Mimosoideae tribe Ingeae using 135 sequences from the nuclear (ITS) and 119 from the plastid (trnL-F) genome, representing 23 of the 36 currently recognized genera in the tribe with newly generated sequences of Blanchetiodendron, Guinetia, Macrosamanea, Thailentadopsis and Viguieranthus and an extensive sampling of Calliandra. Only two of the five Neotropical generic alliances of Barneby & Grimes (1996) were supported as monophyletic. Calliandra is resolved as monophyletic with the inclusion of Guinetia. The five previously proposed sections within Calliandra were not supported by our study. Nevertheless, based on these results, a new infrageneric classification is proposed for Calliandra, and the African species of the genus are assigned to a new genus, Afrocalliandra. Three new sections are proposed for Calliandra: (1) sect. Tsugoideae based on C. ser. Tsugoideae, with four species from northwestern South America; (2) sect. Septentrionales, with six species distributed in dry areas from the United States to Mexico and (3) sect. Monticola, which consists of species restricted to the Espinhaco range of Brazil; these latter species form a clade with low levels of sequence variation, a potential indicator of the recent diversification of this group.

The Leguminosae, the third-largest angiosperm family, has a global distribution and high ecological and economic importance. We examine how the legume systematic research community might join forces to produce a comprehensive phylogenetic estimate for the ca. 751 genera and ca. 19,500 species of legumes and then translate it into a phylogeny-based classification. We review the current state of knowledge of legume phylogeny and highlight where problems lie, for example in taxon sampling and phylogenetic resolution. We review approaches from bioinformatics and next-generation sequencing, which can facilitate the production of better phylogenetic estimates. Finally, we examine how morphology can be incorporated into legume phylogeny to address issues in comparative biology and classification. Our goal is to stimulate the research needed to improve our knowledge of legume phylogeny and evolution; the approaches that we discuss may also be relevant to other species-rich angiosperm clades

with contributions from Stephen Boatwright,10 Gillian Brown,11 Domingos Cardoso,12 Michael Crisp,13 Ashley Egan,14 Renée H. Fortunato,15 Julie Hawkins,16 Tadashi Kajita,17 Bente Klitgaard,7 Erik Koenen,5 Matt Lavin18, Melissa Luckow,3 Brigitte Marazzi,8 Michelle M. McMahon,19 Joseph T. Miller,20 Daniel J. Murphy,21 Hiroyoshi Ohashi,22 Luciano P. de Queiroz,12 Lourdes Rico,7 Tiina Särkinen,23 Brian Schrire,7 Marcelo F. Simon,24 Elvia R. Souza,12 Kelly Steele,25 Benjamin M. Torke,26 Jan J. Wieringa27 and Ben-Erik van Wyk28

Foram realizadas análise morfométrica multivariada baseada em 46 caracteres morfológicos e análise de aloenzimas em 41 indivíduos de Hybanthus arenarius, 25 indivíduos de H. calceolaria e 33 indivíduos morfologicamente intermediários ocorrentes no campus da Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana para determinar a variabilidade nestas populações e investigar hipóteses de hibridação e introgressão. Na análise morfométrica, H. arenarius pode ser bem diferenciada dos indivíduos intermediários e H. calceolaria, enquanto estes dois últimos não podem ser bem separados. Estas mesmas relações foram aparentes também na análise de aloenzimas. A ausência de loci diagnósticos não permite a confirmação de hibridação entre as espécies, mas vários resultados encontrados nas análises morfométrica e genética fortalecem a hipótese de que os indivíduos considerados primariamente como intermediários sejam indivíduos de H. calceolaria com introgressão de genes de H. arenarius.

São descritas duas novas espécies de Calliandra da Chapada Diamantina, Estado da Bahia, leste do Brasil. Calliandra geraisensis E.R. Souza & L.P. Queiroz é próxima de C. calycina Benth., diferindo pelo seu hábito depauperado, folhas dísticas e ausência de tricomas glandulares no perianto. Calliandra imbricata E.R. Souza & L.P. Queiroz é uma planta arbustiva semelhante a C. erubescens Renvoize, da qual difere pelas folhas com maior número de pinas e folíolos e pelos estames vermelhos. Ambas as espécies ocorrem nas montanhas da Chapada Diamantina e são endêmicas restritas de uma pequena área nas vizinhanças da cidade de Piatã.