BACKGROUND: Interleukin (IL)-6 has been shown to be an inducer of the acute phase response and to play a role in the pathogenesis of several diseases, including graft versus host disease (GVHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The relationship between pretransplantation IL-6, procalcitonin (PCT), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels of 31 allogeneic HSCT patients and their age, gender, donor relationship, and, if deceased, the number of days after transplantation (in days) after death was analyzed. RESULTS: No association was observed between IL-6 and gender (P = 0.656), diagnosis (P = 0.485), donor relationship (P = 0.133), sepsis (P = 0.453), GVHD (P = 0.365), and GVHD degree (P = 0.482). A positive correlation was observed between PCT level and IL-6 (P = 0.011). A positive correlation was found between the patients’ CRP values and PCT values P = 0.001). A positive correlation was observed between the patients’ PCT levels and platelet engraftment (P = 0.006). It was observed that as the patients’ PCT levels increased, the platelet engraftment day of the patients was delayed. CONCLUSION: There is no difference between the IL-6 level before allogeneic HSCT and transplant parameters, engraftment time, and time to death after transplantation. Although IL-6 levels did not appear to have an effect on the development of GVHD after transplantation, further controlled studies were considered necessary. The IL-6 level and the PCT level progress in parallel before transplant. The PCT level delays platelet engraftment.

Acquired aplastic anemia (AA) is a rare blood disorder causing hypocellular bone marrow due to immune damage to hematopoietic stem cells, leading to low blood cell counts. This study investigates the demographics, treatment patterns, and clinical outcomes of AA in Turkiye. In this non-interventional, retrospective descriptive study, data of 274 patients (Female/Male: 4/5) diagnosed with AA between September 1, 2011, and September 1, 2021, were collected from 16 centers. Severe and very severe AA was diagnosed in 72

Introduction: Lymphomas are heterogeneous hematological malignancies, and despite effective frontline therapies, a subset of individuals develops relapsed or refractory disease. Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) remains the standard approach; however, outcomes are poor after relapse. Allogeneic HSCT (Allo-HSCT) offers a potentially curative graft-vs.-lymphoma effect, but its use has declined due to toxicity and the emergence of novel therapies. Thus, its role in modern lymphoma management remains to be elucidated. Methods: This retrospective investigation was performed at a single center. Patients with hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and non-HL who had undergone Allo-HSCT between January 2008 and May 2025 were evaluated for clinical characteristics, treatment outcomes, and survival parameters. A total of 25 patients were included in the study. Results: Among the evaluated variables, only febrile neutropenia (FEN) was significantly associated with a higher mortality and shorter overall survival (OS), while other clinical and demographic factors showed no significant association. CD34+ cell dose demonstrated limited predictive value for mortality (area under the curve: 0.654); the cohort’s median OS was 6 months. Conclusion: FEN emerged as the only clinical factor significantly correlated with increased mortality and with inferior OS, whereas other demographic and transplantation-related variables had no significant impact. CD34+ cell dose demonstrated limited discriminative ability in predicting mortality, suggesting that post-transplant infectious complications may play a pivotal role in patient outcomes.

Objective: Plerixafor is a highly effective mobilization agent in cases of mobilization failure. We aimed to clarify whether early administration of plerixafor after stem cell collection failure results in outcomes similar to those achieved with later administration. Patients and Methods: Sixty-six autologous stem cell transplantation patients who received plerixafor for mobilization failure were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups; patients receiving early plerixafor [receiving granulocyte-colony stimulation factor (G-CSF) for 2 or 3 days] and standard plerixafor (receiving G-CSF for 4 days). Both groups were evaluated in terms of neutrophil and platelet engraftment time, CD34 stem cell levels, and side effects. Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups-early plerixafor and standard plerixafor-in terms of neutrophil and platelet engraftment times, CD34+ stem cell counts, and adverse effects (CD34/p = 0.201; neutrophil/p = 0.415; platelet/p = 0.077; adverse effects/p = 0.439). No differences were observed between the groups regarding age, gender, transplant type, plerixafor preparation, adverse effects, or transplant conditioning regimen. Additionally, there was no difference in transplant conditioning regimen between surviving and deceased patients. Conclusion: While the use of G-CSF alone is routine in stem cell mobilization, the addition of plerixafor is preferred in cases of mobilization failure. Although chemotherapy-based mobilization is included in mobilization schemes, its use is very limited today. It was concluded that plerixafor is a highly effective agent for mobilization, can be used safely in cases of failure in stem cell collection, and that its early use in patients with insufficient reserve may be more cost-effective.

Aim: Malnutrition is frequently observed in patients with hematopoietic malignancies due to the effects of the primary disease and treatments. The aim of this study is to assess the nutritional status of patients who have undergone hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and to evaluate the effects of malnutrition on anthropometric measurements, muscle function, and skinfold thickness. Methods: This retrospective study included 37 patients with hematological malignancies who were at risk of malnutrition and sarcopenia, as determined using the NRS2002. The nutritional status of the patients was evaluated before and after nutritional support using the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria. Additionally, triceps, calf, suprailiac, and subscapular skinfold thicknesses, as well as handgrip strength (HG), were measured before and after nutritional support. The patients’ malnutrition universal screening tool (MUST) scores, sarcopenia levels, body mass index (BMI), and weight changes were compared before and after nutritional support. Results: The participants’ weight and BMI showed statistically significant changes after nutritional therapy. The median weight increased from 59 (38-88) kg to 61 (42-87) kg, and the median BMI rose from 21.75 (15.3-28.4) to 23 (16.8-28.2) (p<0.001). The MUST score, sarcopenia risk, skinfold thickness, and HG measurements showed significant decreases (all p<0.001). Increases in weight, BMI, hand-grip strength, and skinfold thickness measurements, and decreases in MUST score and sarcopenia risk were observed. The mean survival time was calculated as 10.89 months. The 6-month survival rate was 89.2%. Conclusion: Providing nutritional support according to the GLIM criteria to patients with hematological malignancies can help protect them from sarcopenia.

Aims: Lymphomas are heterogeneous hematologic malignancies for which autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) remains an important therapeutic option in relapsed or refractory disease. In addition to patient- and disease-related factors, graft-related parameters—particularly the infused CD34+ cell dose—play a critical role in hematopoietic recovery after ASCT. This study aimed to evaluate post-transplant engraftment and long-term survival outcomes in patients with Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma according to infused CD34+ cell dose. Methods: Demographic characteristics, primary diagnosis, infused CD34+ cell dose, neutrophil and platelet engraftment times, 1-year mortality, and 5-year survival were retrospectively obtained from hospital electronic records. Patients were stratified into two groups based on infused CD34+ cell dose: 2–5 × 106/kg and >5 × 106/kg. Engraftment times and survival outcomes were compared between groups. Results: A total of 165 patients were included (2–5 × 106/kg, n = 67; >5 × 106/kg, n = 98). Baseline characteristics, including age, sex, and lymphoma subtype, were comparable between groups. Neutrophil and platelet engraftment times were significantly longer in the 2–5 × 106/kg group than in the >5 × 106/kg group (p < 0.001 for both). In the overall cohort, CD34+ cell dose was negatively correlated with engraftment times. However, no significant differences were observed in 1-year mortality or 5-year survival between groups. Conclusion: Adequate CD34+ cell dosing is essential for rapid hematopoietic recovery after ASCT, whereas higher doses do not appear to confer additional long-term survival benefit.

BACKGROUND:Nutritional status has increasingly been recognized as an important determinant of clinical outcomes in patients with hematologic malignancies. The Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score, which integrates serum albumin, total cholesterol, and lymphocyte count, provides an objective assessment of both nutritional and immunological status. However, the impact of pretransplant CONUT score on hematopoietic engraftment kinetics and clinical outcomes in multiple myeloma patients undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) remains insufficiently characterized. METHODS:This retrospective study included 314 patients with multiple myeloma who underwent ASCT at a single tertiary center. Patients were stratified into four groups according to pretransplant CONUT score (normal, mild, moderate, and severe malnutrition). Neutrophil and platelet engraftment times were compared across CONUT categories. Additional analyses evaluated the distribution of infused CD34⁺ cell dose and its potential influence on platelet engraftment using Kruskal-Wallis and ANCOVA models. Transfusion requirements, including platelet and red blood cell (RBC) transfusion units and prolonged transfusion dependence beyond day + 14, were also analyzed. Overall survival (OS) was assessed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS:Neutrophil engraftment did not significantly differ across CONUT categories. In contrast, patients with severe malnutrition demonstrated delayed platelet engraftment compared with patients with normal nutritional status. The infused CD34⁺ cell dose differed significantly among CONUT groups, with higher doses observed in patients with normal nutritional status. However, covariance analysis indicated that platelet engraftment was not independently associated with CD34⁺ cell dose after adjustment. Patients with higher CONUT scores required significantly greater numbers of platelet and RBC transfusions and were more likely to require prolonged transfusion support beyond day + 14. In survival analyses, pretransplant treatment response emerged as the strongest independent predictor of OS, whereas the CONUT score was not significantly associated with long-term survival. CONCLUSION:Pretransplant nutritional status assessed by the CONUT score appears to be associated with delayed platelet recovery and increased transfusion requirements following ASCT in patients with multiple myeloma. These findings suggest that the CONUT score may serve as a practical tool for identifying patients at risk for increased early supportive care needs in the post-transplant period.

This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, and platelet (HALP) levels at diagnosis in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). We retrospectively analyzed 450 patients diagnosed with MM between 2008 and 2023. The HALP score was calculated using pretreatment laboratory values of hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocytes, and platelets. Patients were categorized into the high and low HALP groups. Survival outcomes were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression methods. Patients with HALP ≤ 27.68 had a significantly lower overall survival (OS) (median 50 vs 79 months, P < .001). Patients with low HALP scores had significantly shorter median OS and progression-free survival than those with high HALP scores (P < .001). In the multivariate analysis, HALP ≤ 27.68 was independently associated with increased mortality risk (hazard ratio: 1.74; 95% confidence interavl: 1.32-2.29). The HALP score remained an independent predictor of OS. The HALP score is a useful, accessible, and cost-effective prognostic marker for MM, and may aid in risk stratification.

Objective: This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the effects of ferritin level on outcomes of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) including the neutrophil/platelet engraftment, febrile neutropenia, transplant related mortality (TRM), graft versus host disease (GvHD), sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS)/veno-occlusive disease (VOD) and overall survival (OS). Materials and Methods: Sixty-nine patients with ferritin values measured at the beginning of allo-HSCT between 2018 - 2021 were enrolled in this study. The ferritin cut-off value was determined as 1000ng/mL and the patients were divided into 2 groups (.05). The median OS in patients with ferritin level ≥1000 ng/ mL and ferritin level <1000 ng/mL 4 months (95% CI: 1.4-6.6) and 8 months (95% CI: 0-24.2), respectively. There was no statistically significant correlation between ferritin value and OS (p=0.206). There was no statistically significant difference between the ferritin groups on both acute and chronic GvHD (p=0.713 and p=0.999, respectively). Conclusion: Our study did not demonstrate any negative effects of serum ferritin levels on allo-HSCT outcomes; however, large-scale prospective studies are needed to clarify the effect of iron overload on the outcomes of allo-HSCT.

Objective: Acute graft versus host disease (GVHD) occurs in 20-80 % of patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Of these patients, 40 % will be resistant to steroids, which is the standard first-line approach. There is no standard second line treatment approach for patients with steroid refractory acute GVHD (SR-aGVHD). Alpha-1 antitrypsin is a protease inhibitor and has anti-inflammatory and immune regulatory properties. Here we report the outcomes and safety data of 17 patients treated with alpha-1 antitrypsin for SR-aGVHD. Material and methods: Patients who received at least 2 lines of alpha-1 antitrypsin treatment for SR-aGVHD at five transplant centers in T & uuml;rkiye were included in this retrospective study. Results: The median number of alpha-1 antitrypsin treatment line patients received was 4 (range, 2-5). The median time between alpha-1 antitrypsin administration and response was 65 days (range, 10-138 days). Overall response rate was 70.6 %. When the first- and second-month response rates were compared according to GVHD organ involvement, we found that the response rates were similar in skin, liver and gastrointestinal system involvement (p = 0.281 and p = 0.305, respectively). No grade 3-4 anemia, thrombocytopenia or neutropenia was observed after alpha-1 antitrypsin treatment. Two patients had cytomegalovirus infection and 1 patient had pneumonia. At a median follow-up of 7 months, overall survival was 70.6 % and median overall survival was not reached. Conclusion: In conclusion, alpha-1 antitrypsin is an effective and safe treatment option in patients with SRaGVHD, with response rates of up to 70 % in patients with skin, liver and gastrointestinal system involvement. Larger studies are needed to establish a standard second and subsequent treatment approach in patients with SR-aGVHD.

BACKGROUND:Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is routinely administered following autologous stem cell transplantation in patients with multiple myeloma (MM); however, the optimal timing for its initiation remains unclear. While previous studies have evaluated heterogeneous patient cohorts, including those with MM, Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma, and Hodgkin's Lymphoma, this study focuses exclusively on MM patients. We aimed to compare the outcomes of initiating G-CSF either on day + 1 post-transplantation or upon the onset of neutropenia, with particular emphasis on neutrophil and platelet engraftment times, to help define an optimal G-CSF administration strategy in this patient population. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS:This retrospective study included 122 MM patients who underwent autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation between 2016 and 2022 at the Hematology Clinic of İnönü University Turgut Özal Medical Center. Patients were evenly divided into two groups. In Group 1, filgrastim was initiated on day + 1 post-transplantation, while in Group 2, it was administered after the onset of neutropenia. Neutrophil and platelet engraftment times, as well as antibiotic usage, were compared between the groups. RESULTS:There were no statistically significant differences in neutrophil or platelet engraftment times or in antibiotic usage between the two groups (p > 0.05). The median neutrophil and platelet engraftment times were 14 and 15 days, respectively, in the day + 1 group, and 15 and 14 days in the neutropenia-guided group. However, the median number of filgrastim injections was significantly lower in the neutropenia group (8 injections, range: 6-12) compared to the day + 1 group (14 injections, range: 8-24) (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION:Initiating G-CSF upon the development of neutropenia is as effective as early (day +1) administration in MM patients undergoing autologous transplantation. This delayed strategy does not adversely affect engraftment or antibiotic requirements and significantly reduces the number of G-CSF injections, offering potential benefits in terms of cost-effectiveness and reduced side effects.

Aims: Anemia is a decrease in hemoglobin (Hb) levels below the normal values determined by gender. Since anemia is a laboratory finding, its etiology must be investigated. The present study aimed to investigate the etiologic spectrum of male patients diagnosed with anemia in the first consultation of a tertiary hospital hematology department. Methods: This study was conducted with male patients who were consulted at İnönü University, Turgut Özal Medical Center, adult hematology department between the dates of 2010-2015. Adult male patients aged 18 years and older, who were diagnosed with anemia in the first consultation were included in the study. Hb levels under 13 g/dl in the complete blood count were accepted as anemia criteria. The study was carried out retrospectively by examining the records of the hospital automation system. Results: The records of a total number of 7840 adult male patients were examined and 473 (6%) of them were found to have anemia when they first consulted in the hematology department. Iron deficiency was the most common etiological cause with the number of 97 patients (20.5%). In the first consultation; malign diseases were found in 50.3% (238), and benign diseases were found in 49.7% (235) of the patients, as the etiologic causes of the anemia. Multiple myeloma (MM) was found to be the most common malignant disease with a rate of 26.5% (63 patients), and isolated iron deficiency was found to be the most common benign disease with a rate of 41.3 % (97 patients); among the etiologic factors or anemia. Conclusion: In our study, malignant diseases were detected as the etiological cause in more than half of the adult male patients with anemia in their first consultation. We think that it is important to keep this situation in mind in the etiology of anemias, especially considering the profile of patients referred to tertiary hospitals.

INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSE:Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a prevalent complication, affecting 30% to 50% of patients following Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (allo-AHCT). This study aims to investigate the risk factors contributing to CMV infection development. MATERIALS AND METHODS:A retrospective analysis was performed on 196 patients with hematological malignancies who underwent allo-HSCT in the Stem Cell Transplantation Unit of Inonu University Faculty of Medicine over a 5-year period. Propensity scores were calculated by matching 1:1 for gender and age variables in individuals with CMV infection and in the control group. RESULTS:Of the 196 patients included in the study, 75 (38.3 %) were female and 121 (61.7 %) were male. According to univariate analysis, CMV infection was seen more frequently in ALL patients than in AML patients (p = .012), while the conditioning regimen (p = 1) did not affect the outcome in terms of risk. Blood cyclosporine levels measured simultaneously with CMV positivity were significant in terms of risk (p = .006). A significant correlation was found between GvHD and CMV infection (p < .001). According to multivariate analysis, receiving defibrotide for VOD prophylaxis posed a risk for CMV positivity. CONCLUSION:In our study, only defibrotide prophylaxis was noted as a risk factor in multivariate analysis. While there are ongoing studies for the use of defibrotide in GVHD prophylaxis, more studies are needed to say that it is a definite risk factor for CMV. We believe that focusing on prophylactic treatments used during the transplantation process will be guiding in determining risk factors.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Acute leukemia patients who relapse after the first allogeneic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT1) have a poor prognosis. Second allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT2) is a therapeutic option for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML)/acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) relapsing after HSCT1. Our aim is to evaluate the efficacy of HSCT2 in acute leukemia patients who relapsed after HSCT1. MATERIAL AND METHODS:In the current study, we retrospectively analyzed the data of 72 patients who underwent HSCT2. Forty-six patients with AML and 26 patients with ALL were included in the study. RESULTS:Before undergoing HSCT2, 47 % of patients were in complete remission. Median follow-up was 8 (1-109) months. Mortality at last follow-up was 61.1 %, and the median overall survival was 11 months (95 % CI: 1-22.9). Univariate analysis identified that age, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG), Body Mass Index, chimerism, conditioning regimen, CD34+ infused cell count, post-transplant cyclophosphamide usage, disease type, pre transplant hemoglobin-lymphocyte-lactate dehydrogenase-ferritin might be significant factors. After multivariate analysis ECOG (HR: 2.142; 95 % CI: 1.061-4.326; p = 0.034) was the only independent predictor for survival. CONCLUSION:HSCT2 remains a feasible but high-risk treatment option for patients with relapsed acute leukemia after HSCT1. Our findings confirm that ECOG performance status is a key determinant of survival despite advances in transplantation techniques.

BACKGROUND:Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (aHSCT) has become the standard treatment modality for eligible multiple myeloma (MM) patients. One of the most important parameters affecting the success of transplantation is the number of CD34+ stem cells collected. The most commonly used agents to facilitate the release of CD34+ stem cells into peripheral blood are granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and plerixafor. Heparin has also been shown to enhance the release of CD34+ stem cells into peripheral blood. We aimed to report the effect of heparin on the number of CD34+ stem cells in peripheral blood in MM patients who underwent aHSCT. MATERIALS AND METHODS:This multicenter retrospective study analyzed 138 adult patients diagnosed with MM who underwent aHSCT. Patients were divided into two groups: those who received heparin (n = 108) and those who did not receive heparin before aHSCT (n = 30). RESULTS:The complete response, partial response, and very good partial response rates in the heparin group were 17 % (n = 18), 24 % (n = 26), and 59 % (n = 64), respectively. In the non-heparin group, 20 % of patients (n = 6) achieved complete response, while partial response and very good partial response rates were 33 % (n = 10) and 47 % (n = 14), respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups regarding obesity, ECOG performance scores, and smoking status (p = 0.399, 0.578, and 0.602, respectively). The number of collected CD34+ stem cells and the peak CD34+ stem cell count in peripheral blood were significantly higher in the heparin group compared to the control group (both p < 0.001). CONCLUSION:Heparin has been shown to enhance the migration of CD34+ stem cells into peripheral blood and facilitate the peripheral stem cell collection process.

AIMS:The aim of this research is to diagnose polycythaemia vera (PV) disease using different machine learning (ML) algorithms with complete blood count (CBC) parameters before further investigations such as Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), erythropoietin (EPO) and bone marrow biopsy (BMB). METHODS:The study included 1484 patients who presented to the adult haematology clinic with elevated haemoglobin. Participants were retrospectively screened for JAK2, EPO and BMB results, and patients were categorised as PV group (n=82) and non-PV (other) (n=1402). First, the synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) method was used to avoid data imbalance. Then, classification predictions were made using Random Forest, Support Vector Machine Technique, Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) and K-Nearest Neighbours algorithms according to the participants' CBC parameters of white cell count (WBC), haematocrit (HCT), haemoglobin (HGB) and platelet (PLT). RESULTS:The XGBoost algorithm was found to be the most effective ML algorithm in predicting the model (area under the curve=0.99, accuracy=0.94, F1-Score=0.94). In addition, the most effective parameter in the prediction of the model was PLT with 42.4%. As a result of the t-test, there was a highly significant difference between the WBC, PLT, HGB, HCT, EPO, JAK2 and bone marrow density results of PV and other groups (p<0.001). CONCLUSION:ML algorithms can diagnose PV with CBC parameters with high accuracy, thus emphasising the potential to reduce the dependence on costly diagnostic methods such as JAK2, EPO and BMB.

Objectives In this study, we aimed to compare the engraftment days, graft versus host disease (GVHD) development, relapse and overall survival (OS) rates in patients using variable intensity conditioning regimens with two different post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) doses for hematological malignancies. Material and methods We retrospectively analyzed 162 patients who have had PTCy at a dose of 25 mg/kg × 2 and 50 mg/kg × 2 between 2018 and 2024. Patients were divided in 2 groups; PTCy dose with 25 mg/kg × 2 (Group 1, n = 45) and PTCy dose with 50 mg/kg × 2 (Group 2, n = 117). The engraftment days, GVHD, relapse and OS rates were compared across groups. Results All patients had myeloablative conditioning regimens and peripheral stem cell collected transplantation. 61.1 % of patients (n = 99) were alive at the end of the study (60 % (n = 27) in Group1 and 61.5 % (n = 72) in Group 2). In Group 1 the median follow-up was 6.9 months and in Group 2 this was 7 months; the median OS was 15.5 months in Group 1 and 49.5 months in Group 2 but this is not statistically significant (Log rank = 0.796). In Group 1, the engraftment times for platelets was 13 days, for neutrophils 17 days; in Group 2, for platelet this was 18 days; and for neutrophils 17 days; this was statistically significant for platelets but not for neutrophil engraftment (p: < 0.001 and p:0.839, respectively). Eighteen patients (40 %) in Group 1 and twenty-seven (23 %) patients in group 2 had acute GVHD (aGVHD). In Group 1 aGVHD rates were higher than Group 2 (p = 0.031). Seven patients (15.5 %) in Group 1 and 6 (5.12 %) patients in group 2 had chronic GVHD (cGVHD). In Group 1 cGVHD rates were also higher than Group 2 (p = 0.048). Twenty-five patients (55.6 %) in Group 1 and 19 patients (16.2 %) in Group 2 had relapsed disease (p < 0.001). Conclusion Our study showed that there were no differences in survival across the groups. The platelet engraftment time was shorter for the PTCy 25 mg/kg × 2 doses compared to the post-transplantation 50 mg/kg × 2 doses. Both aGVHD and cGVHD rates were higher in 25 mg/kg × 2 dose treated patients. Relapses occurred more commonly with 25 mg/kg × 2 PTCy dose.

Aims: Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction resulting from an excessive inflammatory response in the host due to infection. Due to the activation of the coagulation system in sepsis, the search for treatment has shifted in this direction and therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE). This study, it was aimed to compare the hemogram and biochemical values and inflammatory markers of patients who underwent TPE before and after TPE. Methods: The research data were obtained retrospectively from the records on the hospital system of the patients who were hospitalized in Malatya İnönü University Faculty of Medicine Intensive Care Clinic and were treated with TPE. Results: A total of 25 patients were included. It was observed that platelet count (p=0.427), hemoglobulin (p=0.545), leukocyte (p=0.527) and neutrophil (p=0.657) counts decreased statistically after TPE. It was observed that C-reactive protein (p=0.065) and procalcitonin (p=0.267) values also decreased after TPE procedure. Among the direct bilirubin (p=0.326), total bilirubin (p=0.397), AST (p=0.840) and alanine transferase(ALT) (p=0.122) values, it was determined that the aspartate transferase (AST) value increased after the TPE procedure and the others decreased. It was observed that the blood urea nitrogen (p=0.326) value increased after TPE procedure, while creatinine (p=0.677) value decreased. Conclusion: TPE process can reduce harmful components in plasma. Since it is of vital importance to reduce harmful components in the plasma in sepsis, TPE can be applied by evaluating patient-specifically. Our study is important in terms of showing that TPE can be an alternative treatment modality in patients with sepsis and septic shock.