Although oral probiotics can improve breast microecology and alleviate the inflammatory response, there are no data regarding cases with existing abscesses. We aimed to investigate the effect of Lactobacillus fermentum CECT5716 during needle aspiration in patients with lactational breast abscesses. Patients (aged 20–41 years) with lactational single-cavity breast abscesses (diameter 3–6 cm) from 12 hospitals were randomly assigned to the experimental (n = 51) and control groups (n = 50). Outcome measures included the abscess cure rate on treatment day-5, delactation rate, relieving pain rate, and number of needle aspirations until day-28. The experimental group’s 5-day cure rate (43.1%) was significantly higher (p < 0.05). Breastfeeding continuation on day-5 did not differ significantly (experimental group: 88.2%, control group: 96.0%, p = 0.269). In the experimental and control groups, 19.6% and 14.0% of patients experienced moderate to severe pain on day-5, respectively, with no statistically significant differences (p = 0.451). Four patients in each group developed diarrhea, with adverse reaction rates of 7.84% and 8.0%, respectively. No adverse reactions were reported in the infants. L. fermentum can shorten the healing time in patients with lactational breast abscesses. Trial registration This study was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ( http://www.chictr.org.cn ), registration number: ChiCTR2000032682, registration date: 6/May/ 2020; first entry date: 11/May/2020.

This randomized clinical trial evaluates urinary retention, uterine contraction pain, depressive symptoms, and lactation after acupoint hot compress treatment in women during their early postpartum period.

目的 了解温岭市6个月内婴儿的母乳喂养现状及影响因素.方法 自行设计问卷,2014年1—6月采用随机抽样方法对温岭市15个镇(街道)500名6个月内婴儿的母亲进行调查.结果 婴儿住院期间及出生1、4、6个月时纯母乳喂养率分别为80.2%、70.2%、52.6%、25.6%;随婴儿月龄增加纯母乳喂养率呈急剧降低趋势.职业母亲、分娩方式、早吸吮情况、首次喂哺内容及自觉奶量是4个月婴儿是否母乳喂养的影响因素;职业母亲、剖宫产、未进行早吸吮、乳头凹陷、首次喂哺过奶粉/水、自觉奶量不足是婴儿4个月内是否母乳喂养的影响因素,且自觉奶量不足是母乳喂养率下降的首要影响因素.结论 现阶段温岭市1个月婴儿纯母乳喂养率明显下降,4~6个月时纯母乳喂养率较低,受多因素影响.