Hypothesis / aims of study Pressure flow study (PFS) is considered the standard procedure to diagnose bladder outlet obstruction (BOO). Nevertheless, PFS is an invasive test, with possible morbidity; furthermore, it is time consuming and costly. For this reason, research has been performed, with the aim to develop a non invasive examination, able to assess BOO. The penile cuff test has been proposed (1) as a non invasive tool to assess BOO. In the penile cuff test, a cuff is placed around the penis before voiding urine (see figure 1). This is automatically inflated during the voiding process to stop urine flow, and then deflated again. The inflation/deflation cycle is repeated several times during a single emptying of the bladder and the cuff pressure needed to stop the flow of urine is determined. This provides a measure of the fluid pressure generated in the bladder which is used to distinguish BOO from problems associated with under-active bladder muscle. Few data have been published about correlations between penile cuff test and PFS findings (2). Aim of the present study was to investigate these correlations and to evaluate the role of the penile cuff test in the diagnosis of BOO.