To explore the function and potential applications of heat shock transcription factor（HSF） gene family on heat tolerance of Zizania latifolia of ‘Longjiao No. 2’, twenty-eight HSF proteins were identified and analyzed by bioinformatics methods. The physicochemical analysis showed that the theoretical isoelectric point was 4.77 to 11.63, and the molecular weight was 16.77-101.29 kDa, and the protein length was 239-661 amino acids, and the instability indexes of the whole family were more than 40. The multiple sequence alignment revealed that the DNA-binding domain of HSF protein was highly conserved with a length of about 100 amino acids. The phylogenetic tree of HSF proteins of Z. latifolia, Arabidopsis thaliana, Phyllostachys edulis, and Oryza sativa L. was constructed by MEGA 7.0 and the HSF proteins could be divided into A, B, and C classes. In the HSF family of Z. latifolia, there were 17 members in class A, seven in class B, and four in class C. The expression profiles of HSF genes under the heat stress was analyzed by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction（qRT-PCR）, and the physiological indexes under the heat stress were also measured.The results showed that 14 HSF genes were at high expression levels（the expression levels were increased by more than 10 times） after the heat stress（42 ℃, 12 h）. Among them, the expression levels of Zl HSF-04, ZlHSF-12, and ZlHSF-27 were up-regulated most obviously, which increased by 37, 36, and 44 times when compared with the normal temperature treatment（CK）, respectively. Moreover, under the heat stress, the leaves became dry and curled with a large area of water loss and chlorosis, and the maximum photochemical efficiency（Fv/Fm） of photosystem Ⅱ was significantly reduced by 49.9% compared with the CK. Besides, the relative electrical leakage（REL）, and the contents of malondialdehyde（MDA）, proline（Pro）, hydrogen peroxide（H2O2） increased significantly by 409%, 97%, 396%, and 99%, respectively. These results lay theoretical foundations for further study of the functions of the HSF gene family under heat stress of Z. latifolia.

以'博辣红帅'辣椒(Capsicum annuum L.)为材料,探究了幼苗期不同光质补光对其生长、光合特性、碳水化合物积累、丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)定殖以及磷吸收的影响.结果表明:与对照白光(WL)相比,补充红光(R)和蓝光(B)均能显著增加辣椒幼苗生物量和壮苗指数;与补充蓝光相比,补充红光对叶片光饱和光合速率、光合色素积累、根系中总糖含量、蔗糖比重以及独脚金内酯(SL)含量的促进效果更为明显.同时,幼苗期补充红光和蓝光均能显著促进后续白光和缺磷条件下AMF的定殖和辣椒干物质积累,并提高根系SL含量、PT4、PT5基因表达以及植株磷含量,以补充红光效果更为明显.以上结果表明,辣椒幼苗期补充红光有利于幼苗生长以及碳水化合物、SL在根部的积累,进而对后续缺磷条件下AMF的定殖以及幼苗对磷的吸收具有明显的促进作用.

为探究不同LED光质对辣椒采后果实品质的影响,以黑暗处理为对照,采用LED白光、红光和蓝光分别对辣椒(Capsicum annum L.)P1833的采后果实进行处理,并对果实质量和硬度、辣椒素类物质、维生素C、氨基酸含量等商品性和风味营养指标进行了测定和比较分析.结果表明,与对照相比,LED白光处理可显著降低辣椒果实中的辣椒素类物质含量,提高叶绿素含量(P<0.05);LED红光处理的辣椒果实质量和硬度与对照相比无显著差异,蛋白质和维生素C含量显著高于对照(P<0.05);LED蓝光处理果实辣椒素类物质含量显著低于对照,显著高于LED白光和红光处理,维生素C含量显著高于对照和白光处理(P<0.05).此外,LED蓝光处理辣椒果实中的总氨基酸、人体必需氨基酸、儿童必需氨基酸、鲜味氨基酸含量均达到或接近对照的2倍,且人体必需氨基酸营养价值质量分数明显高于对照和其他光质处理.综上,LED白光能够延缓辣椒果实褪绿,LED红光可保持果实商品性,LED蓝光在增加果实氨基酸营养价值方面具有重要调控作用.

This article unveiled that ethylene biosynthesis and signaling play a critical role in heat stress response of tomato plants under elevated CO2. Plant responses to elevated CO2 and heat stress are tightly regulated by an intricate network of phytohormones. Plants accumulate ethylene (ET), the smallest hormone, in response to heat stress; however, the role of ET and its signaling in elevated CO2-induced heat stress response remains largely unknown. In this study, we found that transcript levels of multiple genes relating to ET synthesis, signaling, and heat shock proteins (HSPs) were induced by elevated CO2 (800 μmol mol−1) compared to ambient CO2 (400 μmol mol−1) in tomato leaves under controlled temperature conditions (25 °C). Elevated CO2-induced responses to heat stress (42 °C) were closely associated with increased ET production and HSP70 expression at both transcript and protein levels. Pretreatment with an antagonist of ET, 1-methylcyclopropene that inhibits ET-dependent responses, abolished elevated CO2-induced stress response without affecting the ET production rate. In addition, silencing of ethylene response factor 1 (ERF1) compromised elevated CO2-induced responses to heat stress, which was associated with the concomitant reduction in the transcript of heat shock factor A2, HSP70 and HSP90, indicating that ERF1 is required for elevated CO2-induced responses to heat. All these results provide convincing evidence on the importance of ET biosynthesis and signaling in elevated CO2-induced heat stress response in tomato plants. Thus, the study advances our understanding of the mechanisms of elevated CO2-induced stress response and may potentially be useful for breeding heat-tolerant tomatoes in the era of climate change.

对9个甜玉米开展了品种比较试验,对参试品种的农艺性状、经济性状进行综合分析.结果表明,宝甜、浙甜11、浙甜2088、美玉甜007、金玉甜2号、金银208适宜在丽水高山地区适度推广,浙甜10号、浙甜13建议进一步开展试验研究,浙凤甜2号口感好,可以为育种提供种质资源.

为挖掘农作物生产以外功能,探讨景观农作物利用方式,以浙南丽水为样本,基于前人理论研究基础上,提出景观农作物的概念,阐述色彩美、形体美、香味美、季相美、内涵美等农作物美学价值在丽水的体现和应用,归纳了景观农作物的分类和主要应用形式.列举了云和梯田、松阳大木山骑行茶园两个国家级4A级景区及缙云笕川花海案例.最后结合丽水美丽乡村建设的发展规划,提出农作物景观在丽水的设计原则和设计理念,以期挖掘农作物生产、生活、生态和美学观赏价值,为加快农业一二三产结合、农旅融合、美丽中国建设提供样本意义.