BackgroundOxidative stress contributes to male infertility, but quantifying non-enzymatic antioxidants in seminal plasma remains challenging. This study aimed to establish liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based methods for measuring vitamin E (VE), glutathione (GSH), and 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF) in human seminal plasma.MethodsAnalyte-specific pretreatments were established: liquid–liquid extraction for VE, 96-well phospholipid removal plate for 5-MTHF, and sulfosalicylic acid precipitation for GSH without derivatization, with stable isotope-labeled internal standards. LC-MS/MS analysis was performed on AB SCIEX 4500 MD and Waters Xevo TQ-S systems. The method was validated in accordance with the CLSI C62-A guidelines. Preliminary method-specific reference intervals (RIs) were established in 120 healthy reproductive-aged men. Serum-seminal plasma correlations were assessed in 22 paired samples, and exploratory clinical associations were evaluated in 47 infertile men.ResultsHigh linearity (R > 0.99) was achieved, with lower measuring interval limits of 78.10, 1.31, and 15.37 ng/mL for VE, 5-MTHF, and GSH, respectively. The intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation were <6.8% and <5.5%, respectively. Recovery rates ranged from 88.78% to 108.10%. No significant matrix effects, carryover, or interference were observed. No significant seminal plasma-serum correlations detected. Seminal 5-MTHF and GSH levels were significantly lower in infertile men than in healthy controls [5-MTHF: 139.50 (68.02–198.50) vs. 387.80 (152.50–623.80) ng/mL, P < 0.001; GSH: 4314.00 (3051.00–5974.00) vs. 9049.00 (6128.00–11828.00) ng/mL, P < 0.001], whereas VE levels showed no significant difference [199.00 (138.00–252.00) vs. 168.50 (129.00–237.80) ng/mL, P = 0.211].ConclusionThe validated LC-MS/MS methods enable reliable quantification of seminal VE, 5-MTHF, and GSH and provide preliminary method-specific RIs in healthy Chinese men. Lower seminal 5-MTHF and GSH levels in infertile men suggest their potential relevance to male infertility. Further multicenter studies are needed to validate their clinical applicability.

PLK1 plays a crucial role in cell cycle regulation and cancer development, and its dysregulation has been implicated in the prognosis of a variety of malignancies. The potential of PLK1 inhibitors as cancer therapeutics has been extensively investigated. However, the underlying biology and mechanisms of PLK1 remain incompletely understood. In recent years, numerous studies have demonstrated that PLK1 overexpression is associated with resistance to certain chemotherapeutic agents, while its inhibition can enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy. In addition, PLK1 inhibitors have been shown to selectively target cancer cells as radiation sensitizers and exert synergistic effects in combination immunotherapy. The underlying mechanisms may involve the regulation of multiple immune cells and inflammatory factors, as well as alterations in the tumor microenvironment, ultimately influencing tumor genesis, migration, and invasion. Moreover, PLK1 can regulate the expression of immune checkpoint-related proteins, thereby playing a synergistic role in cancer therapy. Furthermore, PLK1 represents a promising target antigen for cancer immunotherapy, with potential applications in optimizing cancer vaccines. Therefore, this review focuses on the applications and underlying mechanisms of PLK1 in tumor immunotherapy, aiming to provide new insights for improving patient outcomes and prognosis.

The adsorption of DNA probes onto nanomaterials represents a promising bioassay technique, generally employing fluorescence or catalytic activity to generate signals. A significant challenge is maintaining the catalytic activity of chromogenic catalysts during detection while enhancing accuracy by overcoming the limitations of single-signal transmission. This article presents an innovative multimodal analysis approach that synergistically combines the oxidase-like activity of Fe-N-C nanozyme (Fe-NC) with red fluorescent carbon quantum dots (R-CQDs), further advancing the dual-mode analysis method utilizing R-CQDs@Fe-NC. In this system, R-CQDs integrate with Fe-NC to provide a steady reference red fluorescence signal, while Fe-NC serves as the catalytic active site. The adsorption of 6-carboxyfluorescein-labeled aptamers (FAM-apt) significantly enhanced the electron transfer capability of R-CQDs@Fe-NC, enhancing its catalytic performance and resulting in increased oxidation of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB). Concurrently, the green fluorescence of FAM-apt diminishes due to energy competition, photoinduced electron transfer, and the internal filtration effect by R-CQDs@Fe-NC, while the red fluorescence from R-CQDs@Fe-NC remains stable. Upon recognizing and binding to prostate-specific antigen (PSA), FAM-apt detaches from the surface of R-CQDs@Fe-NC. This leads to simultaneous variations in both the fluorescence signal of the system and the colorimetric signal of TMB. Based on these properties, a colorimetric/fluorescence dual-mode detection method for PSA was established, with detection limits of 0.054 and 0.16 ng/mL, respectively. Furthermore, a smartphone-based sensing device facilitated rapid and convenient detection. This study presents a multisignal output sensing strategy and a simple capillary sensing device, presenting a promising approach for PSA diagnostic analysis and the potential detection of other biomarkers.

Background:Camrelizumab has become the first-line treatment for most patients with advanced tumors. Among advanced tumor patients undergoing camrelizumab, the majority develop immunogenicity, resulting in the production of anti-drug antibodies (ADA). The impact of ADA on the efficacy and safety of camrelizumab treatment is currently unknown. Method:Hematologic samples from 31 tumor patients treated with camrelizumab were collected to serve as an experimental cohort for ADA levels detection. Concurrently, a separate validation cohort consisting of 16 patients was established. Follow-up data on patients' OS and PFS were collected and analyzed. Results:High ADA levels (≥1200 ng/ml) after the three cycles camrelizumab treatment were linked to poorer patient outcomes, as shown by significant differences between PD and PR (P = 0016) and PR and SD (P = .0439). This trend was also present in the validation cohort (PD vs PR, P = .0413). More importantly, high ADA levels after the three cycles camrelizumab treatment were associated with a significant reduction in OS (P = .0128) and PFS (P = .0004), with the validation cohort reporting comparable findings (OS: P = .0009; PFS: P = .0007). Additionally, camrelizumab concentration was negatively correlated with ADA levels (experimental cohort: R 2 = 0.3876; validation cohort: R 2 = 0.3702). Patients had higher ADA levels after the early phase of camrelizumab treatment. Conclusion:High ADA levels were associated with shorter OS and PFS in patients after three cycles of camrelizumab therapy. Furthermore, patients had higher ADA levels after the early phase of treatment, specifically in the first three cycles with camrelizumab. It found that the higher the ADA concentration, the lower the serum camrelizumab concentration.

PURPOSE:The aim of this study was to investigate whether serum zinc levels correlate with the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and whether they can be used as a useful prognostic biomarker in patients with advanced or metastatic cancer. METHODS:We divided 98 patients with advanced or metastatic lung, esophageal, gastric, and colorectal cancer into two groups based on enrollment date: the training group (n = 68) and the validation group (n = 30). And these patients were from Shandong Provincial Hospital and had received immunotherapy. We then used the solid tumor response Evaluation Criteria (RECIST v1.1) to determine whether the patient's condition was evaluated for clinical benefit response (CBR) or non-clinical benefit (NCB). Subsequently, serum zinc levels were assessed using ICP-MS. RESULTS:We have identified for the first time that elevated levels of serum zinc (>14.2μg/L) in cancer patients undergoing immunotherapy can serve as a novel biomarker for improved overall survival (20.0m vs 10.0m; p < 0.0001), as determined by continuous serum zinc data using ROC curve analysis (sensitivity: 100.00%, specificity: 41.86%, p = 0.0009) in both CBR (n = 43) and NCB patients (n = 25) within the training group. Bioinformatics analysis has revealed that serum zinc may modulate cellular DNA replication through the MAPK and NF-kB pathways, with proteomic analysis confirming enrichment of these pathways based on KEGG and GO analyses. Consequently, a nomogram incorporating multiple clinical and independent factors has been developed to provide enhanced predictive capability. CONCLUSIONS:Serum zinc levels are positively associated with the effectiveness of ICIs in patients with advanced or metastatic cancer, potentially through their modulation of NF-κB and MAPK pathways. These findings highlight serum zinc as a valuable biomarker for predicting responses to ICI treatment.

AbstractBackgroundSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 disease (COVID‐19) has caused a worldwide challenging and threatening pandemic. We aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of the COVID‐19 vaccines in Non‐Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) patients.MethodsPatient self‐reported adverse events related to vaccines were recorded by follow‐up through a uniform questionnaire. Survival analysis was performed by Kaplan–Meier method. A multivariate analysis was performed by the Cox proportional hazard regression model to determine the effect of each variable on the survival of lung cancer patients.ResultsA total of 860 patients with NSCLC on treatment were enrolled. Mean age was 57 years in patients with early stage group and 62 years in advanced stage group. The vaccination rate was 71.11% for early‐stage patients and 19.48% for advanced‐stage patients; most of them (86.5%) received the COVID‐19 inactivated virus (Vero cell) vaccine (Coronavac; Sinovac). The most common systemic adverse reaction was weakness. The main reason for vaccine refusal in those unvaccinated patients was concern about the safety of vaccination in the presence of a tumor and undergoing treatment (56.9% and 53.4%). The 1‐year disease‐free survival (DFS) rate was 100% for vaccinated and 97.4% for unvaccinated early‐stage patients. Then we compared the progression‐free survival (PFS) of vaccinated (median PFS 9.0 months) and unvaccinated (median PFS 7.0 months) advanced stage patients (p = 0.815). Advanced NSCLC patients continued to be divided into groups receiving radio‐chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy, with no statistical difference in PFS between the groups (p > 0.05). The median overall survival (OS) of vaccinated patients was 20.5 months, and that of unvaccinated patients was 19.0 months (p = 0.478) in advanced NSCLC patients.ConclusionsCOVID‐19 vaccination is safe for Chinese NSCLC patients actively receiving different antitumor treatments without increasing the incidence of adverse reactions, and vaccination does not affect cancer patient survival.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the cutoff value for diagnosis and predict mortality in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) based on serum total superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Methods: A retrospective case-control study of the SOD Model was conducted using data from a single-center dataset at Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First Medical University, China. Serum total SOD activity was analyzed in HCC patients (n = 124) and control subjects (n = 117). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determine cutoff values of serum total SOD activity for HCC diagnosis. Overall survival (OS) was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: In the model groups, the cutoff level of total SOD activity for HCC was 169.2 U/mL (sensitivity: 87.23%, specificity: 91.95%), while for HCC [alpha fetoprotein (AFP) < 20 ng/mL], it was 173.4 U/mL (sensitivity: 86.79%, specificity: 88.51%). Additionally, in the validation groups, the true positive rate, true negative rate, and accuracy rate were all above 90%. Based on the cutoff value of SOD, HCC patients were assigned to an H-SOD and L-SOD group depending on their serum total SOD activity at admission before operation. The 5-year OS rate of the H-SOD group was 75.00%, and that of the L-SOD group was 36.59% in HCC patients (P = 0.0245). With a decrease in SOD activity, serum levels of Zn (t = 3.890, P = 0.0003) and Se (t = 7.694, P < 0.0001) were also significantly decreased and positively correlated with SOD activity (both P < 0.05) in HCC patients. Conclusions: Low serum total SOD activity may also be a risk factor for HCC. The decrease of SOD activity in HCC patients was partly related to a lack of Zn and Se.

This study aims to explore the relationship between serum iron by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and potential mechanism. Totally 113 patients from 233 patients with advanced metastatic lung cancer, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer and colorectal cancer who treated with immunotherapy in Shandong Provincial Hospital were divided into training group (n=68) and validation group (n=45), whose patients were divided into clinical benefit response (CBR) and non-clinical benefit (NCB) by RECIST (v1.1) respectively. We found for the first time that high serum iron level (>1036 μg/L) was a novel biomarker of better PFS (10.13 months vs 7.37 months; p = 0.0015) and OS(16.00 months vs 11.00 months; p = 0.0235) by ROC curve (sensitivity: 78.13 %; Specificity: 80.56 %; p < 0.0001) of CBR (n=32) and NCB (n=36) patients in training group. Interestingly, consistently stable and high serum iron level predicted better efficacy during immunotherapy. Noteworthy, the predictive efficacy of PD-L1 expression was significantly inferior than serum iron (accuracy:63.49% vs 79.41%, p=0.0432), while serum iron detected by spectrophotometry did not predict the efficacy of immunotherapy (p=0.0671) indicating higher sensitivity of ICP-MS. Bioinformatics analysis showed that serum iron could enhance innate immunity and cytokine release and was verified by proteomics that KEGG and GO analysis enriched innate immune and cytokine signaling pathways. Flow cytometry showed that IL-17 (p=0.0002) increased and IL-6 (p=0.0112) decreased after immunotherapy. Based on this, Nomogram with better prediction was constructed by multiple clinical and independent factors. Our results revealed that serum iron is positively associated with ICIs efficacy by enhancing innate immunity and cytokine release in advanced metastatic cancers, and can be a biomarker for predicting ICIs response.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are widely used for treating advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, some studies indicate that patients with genetic mutations do not benefit from immunotherapy. Hence, this study explored the efficacy of anti-programmed death-1 (PD-1) and anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibodies in the first-line treatment of advanced NSCLC with driver gene mutations in real-world settings. Methods: We retrospective analyzed patients with advanced NSCLC who treated with first-line anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies at Shandong Provincial Hospital between May 2019 and October 2020. The patient's driver gene mutation status was identified using amplification refractory mutation system PCR (ARMS-PCR). The basic clinical characteristics, objective response rate (ORR), progression free survival (PFS), and other clinical data of patients were collected to evaluate the clinical efficacy and potential prognostic factors of treatment for patients with driver gene mutations. Results: A total of 430 patients' information was counted during this period, finally, 89 patients with NSCLC were enrolled in the study. The main pathological subtype of patients was adenocarcinoma (62.9%). The overall mutation rate was 44.9% (n = 40) and included following mutations: KRAS (n = 20), TP53 (n = 18), EGFR (n = 6), BRAF (n = 3), Her-2 (n = 3), MET (n = 3), ROS1 (n = 1), and NRAS (n = 1). The overall ORR was 44.30% and the disease control rate (DCR) was 82.23%. At the time of follow-up cut-off, the median PFS of all patients was 8.2 month. In NSCLC patients treated with ICI, median PFS was longer in mutation-negative patients than in mutation-positive patients (8.98 vs 7.07 months, P < 0.05). Survival benefit varied across mutational subgroups: KRAS patients could benefit from first-line immunotherapy (10.1 months, P < 0.05), patients with EGFR mutations have poor first-line immunotherapy outcomes, with a median PFS of only 3.0 months (P < 0.01), and patients with other mutation types having no significant difference in response from mutation-negative patients. In most mutation subgroups, immune combination therapy had longer PFS than immune monotherapy, and PD-L1 expression levels were positively correlated with clinical benefit in patients. Conclusion: In the real world, patients with KRAS mutations benefit from first-line immunotherapy, immune-combination modalities are more effective, and immune efficacy is positively correlated with PD-L1 expression; Patients with other driver mutations (BRAF, NRAS, Her2, MET, ROS1) benefit similarly to mutation-negative patients in first-line immunotherapy, and immunotherapy is recommended for first-line therapy; Immunotherapy is worse effective in patients with EGFR mutations, immunotherapy is not recommended in first-line therapy even patients with high PD-L1 expression.

Background: Oxidative stress is one risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Oxide dismutase (SOD) is an important index to evaluate oxidative stress process. However, the cut-off value of diagnosis and the prediction of mortality in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) based on serum total SOD activity are unclear. Methods: Serum total SOD activity were analyzed in HCC patients (n = 124) and control subjects (n = 117). Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn and Se were detected by limiting dilution method using Agilent 7900 Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves was used to determine cutoff values of serum total SOD activity for the diagnosis of HCC. Overall survival (OS) were determined via the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: In model groups, the cut-off level of total SOD activity for HCC was 169.2 U/mL (Sensitivity:87.23%, Specificity:91.95%), while for HCC (AFP<20 ng/ml) it was 173.4 U/mL (Sensitivity:86.79%, Specificity:88.51%). Additionally, in the validation groups, the true positive rate, the true negative rate and the accuracy rate were all above 90%. According to the cutoff value of SOD, the HCC patients were assigned to an H-SOD and L-SOD group depending on their serum total SOD activity at admission before operation. The 5-year overall survival (OS) rate of the H-SOD group was 75.00% and that of the L-SOD group 36.59% in HCC patients (p=0.0245). Accompanied by a decrease in SOD activity, the serum levels of Zn (t=3.890, p=0.0003) and Se (t=7.694, p<0.0001) were also signifificantly decreased and correlated positively with SOD activity (both p<0.05) in HCC patients. Conclusions: Low serum total SOD activity may also be a risk factor for HCC. HCC patients with low serum total SOD activity might have poor prognoses for survival. The decrease of SOD activity in HCC patients was partly related to a lack of Zn and Se.

Previous researches have been conducted to study the associations of trace elements on Type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk. The present study focuses on the evaluation of potential associations between trace elements and Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in patients with T2D, via the determination of their levels in human whole blood. 100 diabetes without complications, 75 prediabetes and 40 apparently healthy subjects were studied. The levels of eleven trace elements including lithium (Li), vanadium (V), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), selenium (Se), strontium (Sr) and molybdenum (Mo) were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The levels of fasting glucose, HbA1c, Hemoglobin, lipid, liver function, kidney function, thyroid function and demographic data were obtained from the Laboratory Information System. Nonparametric correlation (Spearman) was used to analyze the relationship between trace elements and HbA1c. The contents of V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn and Mo in diabetes increased comparing with the healthy subject while Li decreased. But the levels of Li, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Se and Mo negatively correlated with HbA1c in the diabetes subjects (r value: − 0.2189, − 0.2421, − 0.3260, − 0.2744, − 0.2812, − 0.2456, − 0.2240; 95% confidence interval − 0.4032 to − 0.0176, − 0.4235 to − 0.0420, − 0.4955 to − 0.1326, − 0.4515 to − 0.0765, − 0.4573 to − 0.0838, − 0.4266 to − 0.0458, − 0.4076 to − 0.0229; p < 0.05, p < 0.05, p < 0.001, p < 0.01, p < 0.01, p < 0.05, p < 0.05). Accordingly, the contents of V, Cr, Mn and Se showed lower in HbA1c ≥ 7.0% group in contrast to HbA1c < 7.0% group. No correlation of HbA1c (or FBG) and trace elements was found in the healthy subjects. Trace element levels and metabolic abnormalities of blood glucose may be mutually affected. The extra supplement of trace elements needs to be cautious.

探讨血脂指标在甲状腺乳头状癌(PTC)患者中的变化及临床意义.收集PTC患者65例(PTC组)、良性甲状腺结节患者48例(良性甲状腺结节组)、健康体检者52例(健康对照组).PTC组根据肿瘤直径分成A组(≤1 cm)37例和B组(>1 cm)28例.全自动生化分析仪检测血清甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-L)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-L)、载脂蛋白A1(APOA1)、载脂蛋白B(APOB)、小而密低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(sdLDL-C)、脂蛋白a(LPa).Kruskal-Wallis test分析三组血脂水平差异,Mann-Whitney U test进行两两组间比较,通过绘制受试者工作特性曲线(ROC)分析血脂对PTC的诊断效能.三组间TG、TC、HDL-L、LDL-L、APOB、sdLDL-C、LPa水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),APOA差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).组间两两比较,良性甲状腺结节组血清TG、LDL-L、APOB、LPa水平高于健康对照组(P<0.05),HDL-L水平低于健康对照组(P<0.05);PTC组TG、TC、LDL-L、APOB、sdLDL-C水平高于健康对照组(P<0.05),HDL-L水平低于健康对照组(P<0.05);PTC组LDL-L、APOB、sdLDL-C水平高于良性甲状腺结节组(P<0.05).PTC组的A组、B组间TC、LDL-L、APOB、sdLDL-C、LPa水平亦存在差异(P<0.05).其中sdLDL-C对直径≤1 cm的PTC检测灵敏度为70.27％,特异性为90.38％.PTC患者血脂水平发生变化,其中sdLDL-C对直径≤1 cm的PTC具有一定诊断价值.

目的:评价HemoCELL型全自动血凝流水线检测抗因子Xa(anti-Xa)、蛋白C(P-C)和蛋白S(P-S)活性的性能.方法:参照美国临床实验室标准协会(CLSI)系列指南文件和国家卫生行业标准"临床血液学检验常规项目分析质量要求"(WS/T406-2012)要求,对HemoCELL血凝流水线检测抗Xa、P-C和P-S活性的不精密度、准确度、线性范围、携带污染率和参考区间进行验证.结果:HemoCELL血凝流水线2个浓度水平的质控品检测的批内不精密度分别为抗Xa(3.07％、1.38％)、P-C(1.68％、0.92％)和P-S(3.84％、3.11％),批间不精密度分别为抗Xa(5.00％、2.79％)、P-C(2.65％、2.95％)和P-S(4.55％、2.85％),均符合厂家说明书给定的范围;准确度验证结果偏倚在生物学要求的范围内;抗Xa、P-C和P-S线性验证试验回归方程分别为y=1.002x-0.016、y=1.000x+0.2和y=1.021x-1.712,均符合斜率在0.95～1.05范围内;抗Xa、P-C和P-S携带污染率分别为-3.13％、-5.71％和-5.98％,均符合<10％的要求;3项指标的参考区间验证结果R=1,符合R≥0.9的要求,参考区间验证通过.结论:HemoCELL型全自动血凝流水线检测抗Xa、P-C和P-S活性的准确度、不精密度、线性范围、携带污染率等性能良好,均能够满足国家卫生行业标准和厂家的要求,保证检验质量,为临床诊断血栓性疾病及监测抗凝药物疗效提供可靠的依据.

探讨甲状腺乳头状癌(PTC)患者手术前后肾功能指标的变化.收集2018年4月至12月59例PTC患者临床资料,按肿瘤直径分为A组(直径≤1cm,36例)和B组(＞1 cm,23例).52例健康体检者为对照组.检测健康体检者、PTC患者术前和术后1周的血清尿素氮(BUN)、肌肝(Cr)、肾小球滤过率(eGFR)、胱抑素C(CysC)、视黄醇结合蛋白(RBP)、β 2-微球蛋白(BMG)水平.通过绘制受试者工作特性曲线(ROC)分析肾功指标对PTC的诊断效能.术后患者BUN、RBP、BMG水平较术前降低(P＜0.05),Cr、eGFR、CysC水平未见明显变化(P＞0.05);A组术后BUN、RBP、BMG水平较术前降低(P＜0.05),Cr、eGFR、CysC 水平未见明显变化(P＞0.05);B 组术后 BUN、RBP 水平降低(P＜0.05),Cr、eGFR、CysC、BMG水平未见明显变化(P＞0.05).绘制ROC曲线,RBP对PTC和直径≤1cm的PTC诊断灵敏度分别为 40.68％、66.67％,特异性分别为 80.77％、65.38％,临界值为＞40.45 mg/L、＞37.75 mg/L.BMG对PTC和直径≤1cm的PTC的诊断灵敏度分别为42.37％、44.44％;特异性分别为84.62％、84.62％;临界值均为＞1.595 mg/L.PTC患者手术前后肾功能指标出现波动,提示临床需关注PTC肾功能指标变化.

Few researches have been conducted on elements in whole blood of young people. Our study was to investigate the influence of age, gender and season on the contents of magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), selenium (Se), and strontium (Sr) as well as to establish reference intervals (RIs). We conducted a retrospective study of 589 apparently healthy children and adolescents. Quantitative analysis had been carried out using inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Test results were analyzed using and MannWhitney U test, Spearman and Pearson statistical analyses. RIs were defined by using 95% confidence interval. Differences between contents of Mg, Fe, Cu, and Zn in girls’ and boys’ whole blood were found. Positive correlations for Fe, Zn, Se, and Sr, while negative for Ca and Cu were found with age. Increasing trends were found for Fe, Zn, and Se, while for Ca and Cu, changes were even decreasing for children and teenagers. The most frequently correlating element pairs were FeZn, MgSe, and FeSe in five successive age groups. Lower contents of Mg, Ca, Fe, Zn, and Se were found in summer. Finally, the reference interval of each element was initially established according to age and gender grouping. The contents of elements in whole blood vary depending mainly on the gender and age of children and adolescents. The reference intervals of elements in whole blood grouped by age and gender provide a reference basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment of element-related diseases.

Angiogenesis is closely related to the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Angiogenic factors have been confirmed to be overexpressed in HCC. The hepatitis B virus preS2 domain is a transactivator that plays an important role in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related HCC. Here, we aimed to investigate the potential of the preS2 domain in inducing angiogenesis in HCC. A total of 25 cases of pathologically confirmed HCC were screened. The levels of preS2, CD34, and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) in HCC samples were evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The proliferation of vascular endothelial cells was detected by CCK-8. Besides, VEGFA was analyzed by Western blot in HCC cells. The effect of preS2 on the VEGFA promoter was measured by dual-luciferase reporter assays. We found that preS2 domain-positive HCCs had significantly higher microvessel density (MVD) and VEGFA expression than preS2 domain-negative HCCs. Overexpression of preS2 upregulated VEGFA expression in HepG2 and activated vascular endothelial cell proliferation. However, blocking preS2 expression reduced VEGFA expression in HepG2.2.15 and inhibited the proliferation of vascular endothelial cells. In addition, a dual-luciferase assay indicated that the preS2 domain could activate VEGFA promoter activity. In conclusion, we showed that the expression of the preS2 domain promotes angiogenesis by transactivating the VEGFA promoter in HCC.

医生进修教育是继续教育的重要形式,对于医学人才培养具有重要意义.细胞学检验具有极强的临床实践性,该院临床医学检验部细胞分子遗传科的细胞形态室多年以来一直承担着山东省细胞学检验的进修带教任务,在规范和完善细胞学进修教育方面积极探索,包括根据细胞学临床工作的需要,建立进修人员岗位培训和考核内容;根据细胞学学科建设的要求和学习规律,制订了相应的教学体系和教学进度表;通过理论与实践相结合的教学方法、尝试问题导向学习法和病例导向学习法等新型教学方法,启发和促进学员对学习内容的理解和实际应用;逐渐形成了较为明确的进修教育初级教学目标,即"掌握细胞学工作基本流程、学会辨识和分析细胞基本方法、建立健全血液系统疾病的诊断体系及培养临床细胞学思维能力";建立了以能力为导向的教学考核体系.通过以上教学工作的开展,在培养细胞学进修人员工作上取得了较好效果,对细胞学检验未来在临床医学检验中如何持续发展具有一定的示范作用.

目的:评价BECKMAN AU5800型全自动生化分析仪检测血清补体C3、C4的性能.方法:依据国家卫生行业标准"临床检验定量测定项目精密度与正确度性能验证"(WS/T492-2016)和临床化学定量检验程序性能验证指南(CNAS-GL037:2019)评估AU5800型全自动生化分析仪检测血清补体C3及C4的正确度、精密度、线性范围、可报告范围和参考区间,评价血清补体C3、C4试剂盒在AU5800型全自动生化分析仪的分析性能.结果:AU5800型全自动生化分析仪检测血清补体C3、C4的标准差指数(SDI)值分别为1.13和1.8,SDI均≤2;补体C3两个水平样本的批内和批间精密度分别为3.3％、1.3％和3.6％、1.5％,补体C4的批内和批间精密度分别为0.7％、1.0％和0.6％、0.5％,批内精密度均<6.25％,批间精密度均<8.33％;补体C3线性范围为0.014～3.437 g/L,高于说明书线性范围(0.01～3.39 g/L),补体C4线性范围为0.0005～0.989 g/L,高于说明书线性范围(0.006～0.9 g/L),均符合要求.补体C3、C4的临床可报告范围分别为0.014～27.496 g/L和0.0005～7.912 g/L;补体C3、C4参考范围验证符合率≥90％,符合要求.德赛诊断试剂在AU5800型全自动生化分析仪上的性能均符合要求.结论:AU5800型全自动生化分析仪检测血清补体C3、C4的性能参数均满足本实验室要求,具有快速简便、准确度高及重复性好等优点,可用于临床大批量血清补体标本检测.

The aim of the study was to establish reference intervals (RIs) for glomerular filtration function markers among pregnant women of Shandong Province, east China. From Janunary 2017 to December 2018, we retrospectively analyzed serum samples from 360 pregnant women and a control cohort of 60-non-pregnant women. The glomerular filtration function markers included Cystatin C (CysC), Creatinine (Cr) and Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR). BeckmanAU5800 detection system was used to determine the serological level of CysC by immunonephelometry method and Cr by enzyme method, eGFR was calculated according to age, gender and Cr results. We calculated the RIs according to the guidelines in C28-A3 published by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). The calculated RIs for serum CysC were (0.40-0.67) mg/L, (0.5-0.85) mg/L, (0.77-1.49) mg/L in 1st, 2nd, and 3rd trimester respectively. Cr were (37.26-57.47) μmol/L, (33.70-54.82) μmol/L, (33.66-62.69) μmol/L in each cohort. eGFR based on Cr were (115.24-140.05) ml/min per 1.73m2, (117.42-141.88) ml/min per 1.73m2, (109.00-146.00) ml/min per 1.73m2. The results show the necessity to establish special RIs for glomerular filtration function markers during pregnancy, even in each trimester. CysC levels increase obviously, so we also should cautiously treat it in the three trimesters.