Spacecraft multilayer thermal insulation here to date has been used to reduce thermal radiation heat losses. Each layer is a thin layer of material, such as Mylar, coated with a reflective and electrically conductive material like aluminum. A method to create a wireless damage-detection array using the insulation has been developed. One layer of the insulation is designed as an array of passive open-circuit electrically conductive and reflective spiral patterns that are capable of storing electrical and magnetic energy when powered via an external oscillating magnetic field supplied by an antenna. Once electrically active, each pattern produces a harmonic magnetic field. No electrical connections are used between the patterns, on the patterns or to the patterns thereby allowing each pattern to be independent and also eliminating one cause of failure to circuits. The responding field frequency changes if any pattern is damaged. The spiral-pattern design provides sufficient area coverage for thermal insulation. Other insulation layers are designed to allow the responding magnetic fields to permeate the insulation layers. Arrays have been tested using hypervelocity impact projectiles of 1-3.6 mm diameter with speeds ranging from 6.7-7.1 km/s.

Inflatable/deployable structures are under consideration as habitats for future Lunar surface science operations. The use of non-traditional structural materials combined with the need to maintain a safe working environment for extended periods in a harsh environment has led to the consideration of an integrated structural health management system for future habitats, to ensure their integrity. This article describes recent efforts to develop prototype sensing technologies and new self-healing materials that address the unique requirements of habitats comprised mainly of soft goods. A new approach to detecting impact damage is discussed, using addressable flexible capacitive sensing elements and thin film electronics in a matrixed array. Also, the use of passive wireless sensor tags for distributed sensing is discussed, wherein the need for on-board power through batteries or hardwired interconnects is eliminated. Finally, the development of a novel, microencapuslated self-healing elastomer with applications for inflatable/deployable habitats is reviewed.