Moringa plants are now largely employed as a nutritional supplement, to enhance soil quality, and in water filtering systems. Moringa is a natural antioxidant and has antimicrobial property. They are also a rich supply of oil, which is a popular and significant revenue source. As a consequence, these plants have a diverse set of characteristics and uses on their own, and their activity is enhanced when coupled with other materials. In this article, the phytochemical analysis, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activity of moringa powder blended with the medicinally significant spices turmeric ( Curcuma longa ), pepper ( Piper nigrum ), dry ginger ( Zingiber Officinale ), and dry orange peel powder ( Citrus Aurantium Dulcis). The moringa blends formed by mixing with above-mentioned spices were subjected to antioxidant activity by DPPH assay and antimicrobial activity by well diffusion method. Total phenolic contents and the flavonoid contents were determined using phytochemical analysis. Using FTIR spectroscopy, significant composition in all the four blends was determined. When Moringa powder is blended with other four remarkable spices, its phytochemical characteristics and biological characteristics like antioxidant antimicrobial activity are enhanced to high side.

This research paper illuminates the transition from Internal Combustion Engines (IC Engines) to Electric Vehicles (EVs), driven by environmental awareness and technological advancements. It spotlights the specific challenge faced by electric two-wheelers-battery temperature management systems (BTMS). The discussion underscores the vulnerability of batteries to temperature fluctuations and the imperative role of effective thermal management. Noteworthy are the engineering challenges in designing compact BTMS for two-wheelers, balancing temperature control within space and weight constraints. The proposed solution introduces a Battery Temperature Management Controller utilizing a microcontroller linked to a temperature sensor. When the temperature surpasses a threshold, the controller activates a cooling system while halting battery charging to prevent overheating. Conversely, in colder temperatures, an external voltage powers a PTC Heater, warming the battery coolant. The integration of Machine Learning algorithm, Random Forest for temperature prediction based on load C rates adds a layer of sophistication. This innovative approach addresses critical safety concerns, preventing battery explosions, and enhances battery life in cold climates by mitigating internal resistance. Tailored for electric two-wheelers, especially in colder environments, the proposed BTMS is a practical solution. The paper details the model, simulation, and performance evaluation of this system, offering a comprehensive exploration of its potential benefits and applications. The battery without BTMS had a temperature of 376K but after the instalment of the BTMS it is reduced to 305K.

Wind farms in Tamil Nadu's Coimbatore district have identified several issues, including flickering emissions, frequent generator tripping, and power evacuation issues caused by a weak grid. Taking into consideration the scarcity of research on flickering emissions, this work focuses on the causes of short-term flicker severity (Pst) in wind farms that export generated power to industrial loads. To identify the scenarios that cause flickering, simulation models of fixed speed wind farm and variable speed wind farm with controllers were developed using DIgSILENT power factory software. The flicker emissions were measured at the wind farm substations using Fluke and Dranetz PX5.8 power quality analyzers in accordance with the IEC 61400-21 standard. To validate the simulation model, the results from the flickermeter during the simulation and the field measurements were compared. According to the results of this research, both fixed and variable speeds produce flicker emissions that exceed the IEC standard limit, that causes the power electronics-based industrial drives to fail to operate. The controllers were developed to improve the performance of wind farms that will benefit the current and future wind energy-efficient conversion systems.

Wind power installations are globally established thoroughly, resulting in significant electrical power penetration into power grids. Consequently, tremendous efforts are expended to improvise the performance of the grid-connected Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator driven by a Variable-Speed Wind Turbine (PMSG-VSWT). In this work, eight cascaded Proportional Integral (PI) controllers in the machine side and grid side converters are optimally tuned by the golden eagle optimization algorithm with the purpose of enhancing the dynamics and transient stability performances of the grid connected PMSG-VSWT.The integration of the square error criterion was utilised as a fitness function in the optimization process, which was processed using the simulation-based optimization technique. The proposed control technique's efficacy was compared to various optimal PI controllers under symmetrical and unsymmetrical fault conditions. This study also employed the measured real-time events collected at the Coimbatore wind farm in Tamil Nadu (India) to produce realistic results and aid in the pursuit of higher performance. The wind farm modelling and simulation were processed using the DIgSILENT power factory/MATLAB Simulink environment and was utilized to test the proposed control approach's achievability. Finally, the study demonstrates that the golden eagle optimization technique improves the wind farm's performance when compared to observed events and other techniques.

Lifi technology was introduced to face the increased demand of wireless applications caused by the drastic increase of users. Light from LEDs are used to transmit the signals. Unlike radio waves, the data transmission using visible light is more efficient with high security defense. Visible light can be used for free of cost is another major reason for its wide application. There is an increase in the usage of Lifi technology in hospital zones and security communications for its un harmful and data security reasons. Communication domain estimates a high increase in demand for Lifi technology in the near future which includes its usage in space and under water communications. Due to few limitations in Lifi technology; it cannot fully replace radio wave transmission technology. Anyway the hybrid model of bringing both wifi and Lifi technology is having a great future demand in the communication world. This review helps the Researchers in Lifi technology to expand their search in this communication technology.

Wind power installations were developed over the world, the export of wind power into the grid was increased. As a result, enormous research is being done to progress the efficiency of the grid connected Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) wind farm. In this research work, survey was conducted from the measured real time events occur at the DFIG Wind Turbine (WT) situated in the Coimbatore district, Tamil Nadu (India). The analysis insists the need for optimal techniques to improve the Low Voltage Ride Through (LVRT) of the wind farm. Therefore, Golden Eagle Optimization (GEO) algorithm was utilized for the optimal tuning of Proportional Integral (PI) controllers at Machine Side Converter (MSC) and Grid Side Converter (GSC) to improve its dynamics and transient stability. The PI controllers were proposed to be tuned using Newton Rapson (NR) and GEO techniques. The integration of the square error criteria was aided as fitness function in the optimization process. The proposed DFIG WT was simulated using DIgSILENT and MATLAB Simulink. The results obtained by simulation were appropriate, in that GEO tuned PIs was prominent in exporting real power into the grid with unity power factor, time domain parameters and LVRT as compared to NR technique.

Present PV modules (solar cells) costs higher than coal-fired electricity which is the baseline cost of today’s commercial power. To be utilized by Industry sector, the solar module’s price should be significantly reduced and solar energy efficiency is to be increased. This paper discusses a new innovation wherein the PV module’s efficiency can be increased by using selective irradiation of the sun light using Poly Methyl Methacrylate (PMMA) as IR filter. Experimental investigations are conducted on the silicon panel with different arrangement of with and without IR filter PMMA. It is reported that placing the PMMA glass on the panel reduced the operating temperature of the module and thus the power efficiency is found to be increased appreciably.

In this review, the EMI shielding properties of the various carbonaceous fillers are thoroughly reviewed. Electromagnetic interference (EMI) had been a cause of major concern in the live broadcasting, entertainment, aviation and defense industries since vital radio signals could create more interference, which could lead to poor performance. To reduce the effect of EMI, the organic polymeric composites along with the carbonaceous fillers are mostly used since they are flexible, low denser, high mechanical strength, high thermo-stability, high electrical and thermal conductivity, excellent fracture toughness, and high friction/wear resistance. There are lot of carbon based materials are being used as EMI shielding material in mono and compound form. This review gives a broad understanding of the utilization of carbonaceous fillers in polymer matrixes. Thus, the overall coverage on this carbon based materials and their effectiveness could help the researchers to find right carbon material for suitable application. According to this review, the absorption mechanism is vital to achieve high EMI shielding effect. The fillers such as graphene and CNTs are most preferable EMI shielding filler, according to the vast coverage of previous articles. However, there are more magnetoelectric materials also evolved recently, having combined properties of both conductive and magnetic, yielding high SE at elevated frequencies.

This present study discusses the effects of doped novel cobalt-onion peel-based water soluble Poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) composite for its electromagnetic interference shielding (EMI) effectiveness in high-frequency bands such as X and Ku region. The primary aim of this study was to prepare a flexible electromagnetic shielding material for protecting electronic gadgets from the EMI effect. The biochar particles were prepared from red onion peel and mixed with cobalt/chopped carbon fiber (CCF) to form a compound structure. According to the results, the biochar and CCF addition improved the relative permittivity up to 9.6. Similarly, the hysteresis analysis showed a broad "S" curve for 2 vol% cobalt-added PVA composite. Moreover the doped composites are better in mechanical properties and the highest tensile strength of 79 MPa with Shore-D hardness of 37 was noted for PV3 composite designation. Finally, the highest wave shielding of -44.37 dB and - 49.62 dB for X and Ku band were observed for composite designation PVA4. This EMI shielding effectiveness improved composites could be used as shielding material for modern industrial, defense, and medical applications.

The performance of Photovoltaic panels are highly influenced by the temperature of the panel and the intensity of radiation falling on it. This paper depicts the characteristic behavior of the solar panel when subjected to different irradiance values when covered with different colour glass sheets of varying thickness. Experiments were conducted by covering the panel surface with colour glass sheets. Each colour glass sheet of varying thickness placed on the panel are exposed to three irradiance values and the power, efficiency of the panel were measured. On using red colour sheet there was about six degree drop in temperature as the sheet thickness increased from 0.03 mm to 0.1 mm thickness, at 485 W/m2. For the remaining colours there were One degree drop in temperature for the increased thickness of the sheet. For 600 W/m2 and 900 W/m2, red colour sheets drived the panel temperature drop to about three and four degree in celcius respectively when the sheet thickness increased. For other colours, the drop in temperature is less than two degree.It is evident that the temperature of the panel is minimum for red colour sheet than other colours for the three irradiance values. As well the maximum power output is fairly high when Red colour sheet is used. The efficiency was calculated and compared for all colour filters. Red colour sheet showed high and consistent efficiency than the other three colours.

Wind energy sources are crucial if they are to be effectively exploited in the grid network. But, the grid connection brings the problems of power evacuation, power quality issues and unwanted tripping of generators. The paper presents the issues in the power quality of a variable speed wind farm synchronous generator located at Tamilnadu (India). According to IEC 61,400-21, the power quality events such as voltage fluctuation, harmonics and flicker are measured by power quality analysers connected at the selected locations in the wind farm. A wind turbine model and its control strategy are developed using the DIgSILENT simulation software. The control schemes for the generator side and the grid side converters are implemented to assure the power quality problems. With the simulation model, various circumstances and their effect on the performance of the wind farm are analysed. The results of the simulation are related to the recorded waveform to validate the model of the wind farm. This study will be useful for the turbine operators and manufacturers to assess the causes and severity of power quality issues well in advance to implement the necessary remedial measures.

With the traditional power sector hindered by fuel shortage and climate changes, the promotion of green energy becomes the most prioritized objective of the government. The ministry's move becomes significant because conversion to cleaner energy sources is the best way to minimize global warming and to reenergize the global economy. Among the available alternative gaseous fuels, acetylene caters to these needs because of its property similarities with hydrogen. In this research, the suitability of acetylene as an engine fuel is analyzed. Also, the production methods, combustion properties, abnormal combustion, and safety issues were discussed. This review paper describes about the various possible modes of fuel induction techniques to be adopted. The research establishes the utility of acetylene as a commercial fuel for internal combustion engines in the future years by the adoption of suitable methodologies.