以神华准能办公大楼地下室上浮整治为工程背景,通过现场监测、试验等手段对办公楼地下室上浮变形特征、整治设计参数进行分析,提出泄水降压+抗浮锚杆综合整治的工程措施,详细介绍了抗浮整治过程.该地下室上浮属施工控制不当导致力学条件失衡,从而引起结构构件工后失效,变形特征主要表现为地下室梁、柱节点处产生水平裂缝、墙体产生45°斜向裂缝,柱体节点产生明显压曲现象.此类工程仅仅依靠泄水降压并不能够彻底地整治,需结合抗浮锚杆等主动措施.抗浮设计时通过设置监测井确定抗浮水位、采用抗拔试验确定锚固体与土层的粘结强度标准值,保证设计参数的合理性.对于类似地下室上浮工程,采用泄水降压+抗浮锚杆措施,工艺简单,经济性好,整治效果显著.

地下轨道交通暖通空调系统的优化设计与地下轨道交通隧道围岩的热物理参数性质密切相关.文章以兰州地下轨道交通原状土样为研究对象,使用Hot Disk热常数分析仪探究了兰州地下轨道交通围岩的热物理性质.研究结果表明:兰州地下轨道交通围岩土样的导热系数随深度的增加而增加,深度13 m处的中砂层导热系数和热扩散系数最大,明显比其它深度处的黄土层和淤泥质土层的导热系数和热扩散系数大,而中砂层体积比热较小;围岩土样的导热系数随含水率增加呈线性增长,体积比热随含水率增加先降低后增高,热扩散系数随含水率增加先升高后缓慢降低.

为研究南坪隧道滑坡滑带土的形成机理,试验通过钻孔取样进行了三轴蠕变试验.试验在3个三轴蠕变试验机上进行,围压分别为150,200,250 kPa.试验取得以下主要成果:(1)揭示了这类黏土的蠕变特性可用西原模型来描述,从而建立了蠕变本构方程;(2)用曲线求参法求解流变参数,采用叠加原理和等时曲线法获得土壤的长期强度;(3)蠕变参数随围压的增加而增加,长期强度较瞬时强度降低的幅度亦随围压升高而增大,250 kPa围压时降低52％;(4)与瞬时强度相比,抗剪强度降低,内聚力降低29％,内摩擦角降低30％.

重载铁路简支T梁横向刚度不足,在运营过程中存在横向振幅超限现象,影响铁路运营安全.本文依托山西阴(塔)火(山)铁路桥梁加固工程进行荷载试验,对铁路简支T梁横向预应力加固方法进行研究,提出了一种用于模拟分析铁路简支T梁横向加固效果的有限元方法,并将计算结果与加固前后荷载试验数据予以对比.研究结果表明:采用横向预应力加固方法后,桥梁横向振幅最大降低32.7％,平均降低9.9％;自振频率最大增加245.4％,横向自振频率平均增加36.5％.铁路简支T梁横向预应力加固方法对桥梁横向刚度的提高效果显著,可以应用于简支T梁加固工程.

内蒙古大准铁路由于建造年代早,当时技术不成熟,沿线很多隧道出现了冻害问题.为了保证铁路安全运营,应有效地评估和治理隧道冻害.采用基于模糊数的事件树法,在对大准铁路沿线隧道冻害进行统计分析的基础上,建立了隧道冻害事件树,并定量计算了隧道冻害不同后果事件发生的概率,分析了不同因素对隧道冻害发展的影响以及各种冻害形式的内在联系,验证了基于模糊数的事件树分析法在隧道冻害风险分析中的有效性,对隧道正常运营的风险评估具有重要的意义.

本文主要对重力式挡土墙评价标准、评价方法和评价流程进行了分析,根据重力式挡土墙施工质量的综合安全等级,给出了挡土墙施工质量的评价,根据重力式挡土墙运行状况的综合安全等级,给出了挡土墙相应的整治措施.

研究目的:采用灰土桩加固铁路路基的方法由来已久,但灰土桩加固既有铁路路基的设计理论尚不完善,对于灰土桩的加固效果、加固后的沉降值大小、灰土桩的参数优化均需要通过数值分析及试验得出结论.基于此,本文以灰土桩加固大准重载铁路路基为工程背景,借助有限元软件对桩轴倾角、桩径、桩距、桩长等因素对灰土桩加固既有铁路路基效果的影响进行了研究.研究结论:(1)灰土桩采用45°倾角时可兼顾加固深度及应力分布均匀性;(2)根据铁路路基实际尺寸合理选择桩径,一般桩径宜取0.25～0.3 m;(3)桩间距取3～4倍桩径时加固效果最好;(4)对斜向灰土桩复合路基设计参数的调整优化,应首先考虑桩长的影响,在合理范围内尽可能增大桩长,其次选择合理的桩轴倾角、桩径及桩间距;(5)本研究成果可为灰土桩加固既有铁路路基的工程设计和安全评价提供理论依据.

Prestressed anchor cable technology as one of the most effective reinforcement technology has been widely used in railway, highway, water conservancy and hydropower, industrial and civil construction projects. Because of the influence of geological factors and technical factors in practical engineering construction of anchor cable and hole inclination and prone to bending problems, especially in the big tonnage-long hole deep anchor drilling the problem is particularly prominent. To obtain the force characteristic of anchor cable channel bending case, carried out under the condition of channel bend of the full-scale model test indoor, with a certain strength of concrete to simulate rock mass, and embed have certain radian of anchor cable components, through classifying tensioning prestressed anchor rope to measure under the condition of bending stress in the process of hole anchor rope around shear stress, axial stress and earth pressure strength. Test results show that in the case of bend channel, inner side and outside of the cable anchorage segment of shear stress distribution is not exactly same and the anchoring bend the inside of the shear stress is larger than the lateral shear stress values when tension load at the same level; axial force along the anchor length direction from large to small, until to 0; soil pressure outside the grouting body on both sides of the same change rule in addition to the compression of the medial, lateral tension.

The diseases and countermeasures of the subgrade slope located in the range of K494 + 890 ～ K494 + 990 of Neijiang-Liupanshui railway are studied.Based on sufficient field investigation,monitoring and high density resistivity method,the types as well as characteristics of such diseases are described in detail,and the mechanism and control measures are analyzed.The study results show that:the slope diseases at the K494 of the railway are mainly the slip deformation and karst depression,the maximum vertical displacement value is 180mm,and the maximum crack width is 240mm,the slope is unstable;the main factors triggering the diseases are the engineering activities of coal mining and the geological structure conditions;methods with "grouting + prestressed anchor cables + intercepting drain" are conducted to treat the subgrade slope,which is of good safety and economical efficiency.

In order to optimize the hydraulic load of leachate that was treated aerobically by aged-refuse-based bioreactor, the experiments were designed to analyze the effluent water quality with 4 different hydraulic load and fixed the organic load of injection as 0.106 g/kg and ammonia nitrogen load as 0.010 g/(kg·d). The effluent water quality in 4 different hydraulic load which were:0.012,0.024,0.036,0.048L/(kg·d). The results showed that the optimum hydraulic load was 0.024 L/(kg·d), and under this hydraulic load, removal efficiency of COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen were 96.46%, 99.41%, 90.49%respectively. The pH tended to about neutral. Ammonia nitrogen and COD resistance load respectively were 0.058, 0.408 g/(kg·d)respectively.

为研究回灌比例对好氧生物反应器填埋场稳定化进程的影响,探讨了回灌比例为15％、20％、25％、30％和全回灌(体积分数)时,反应器所产渗滤液及填埋垃圾性质在不同回灌比例下变化的趋势,填埋周期为198 d.结果表明:回灌比例为25％的反应器所产渗滤液中的氨氮于135 d达到GB 16889-2008所规定的垃圾填埋场渗滤液氨氮排放浓度限值,较其他反应器提前3 ～49 d,整个填埋周期所产还原性有机物较其他回灌量低2.11％ ～20.16％;且有机垃圾降解速度最快,至填埋结束时,沉降率为75.13％,比其他反应器多0.87％ ～ 2.63％,总有机质和纤维素含量分别为48.47％和7.39％,较其他回灌比例分别低0.61％ ～5.52％和0.2％ ～0.64％,表明25％的回灌比例有利于快填埋场的稳定化进程.

随着预应力锚索设计长度的增大,由于地质因素及施工技术的因素造成锚索孔道偏离设计的直线状态,形成具有一定曲率的曲线状态.为探讨拉力型预应力锚索锚固段弯曲条件下剪应力的分布,采用二维弹性理论方法,推导出了解析计算公式,得到锚索锚固段弯曲平面上的最内侧和最外侧的两条曲线上的剪应力分布情况.通过实例计算发现,与锚索孔道直线情况下剪应力分布相比,锚固段弯曲条件下内曲线的剪应力最大值比孔道直线状态时约增大2倍,外曲线的剪应力约为孔道直线状态时的50％,并且在外曲线上出现了约10 cm长度的反方向剪应力.可见,由于孔道弯曲造成了锚固段剪应力分布的不均匀,更易造成锚索内部结构的破坏.

This project actually show that there is certain bent,in the process of making prestressed cable hole,while most analysis on the shear stress around the anchoring segment depicts anchoring segment as straight,and therefore can not reflect the actual situation by force. Based on the half-plane elasticity theory,combining mathematical calculation,anchoring segment contains the bending radius force,inclu-ding the model,was established. Using elastic theory formulas of the lengh of anchoring section at ben-ding shear stress on the anchorage section was deduced and numerical examples were given in the next section of the curved anchoring case and the shear stress distribution on the inner and outer sides of the curve were given. This distribution is more reasonable compared with linear circumstances under shear stress distribution.

On May 12,2008,great Wenchuan MS 8.0 earthquake caused serious secondary geological disasters along the Baoji-Chengdu railway.Through the field investigation for earthquake-induced geological disaster after the earthquakes along the railway,the types of the disasters are summarized,the mechanism and influence factors of seismic geological hazard are analyzed.Some proposals for disasterproof engineering are presented based on the local situations.

Research purposes:The fault F1 at the Gaozhuding Tunnel is a huge fault and it may produce some effects on stability of surrounding rocks during the tunnel construction,so it is necessary to conduct the accurate advanced prediction of the fault. Research conclusions:(1) TSP 203 plus is a long distance geological prediction system,and the distance is in 100~150 m;(2) Application of TSP 203 plus in the advanced geological prediction can rapidly and accurately judge the geological condition of the predicted area and it is crucial to choice of the construction scheme and measures of the tunnel,with the obvious economic benefits.(3) The application of the TSP 203 plus in geological prediction of the F1 fault for the Gaozhuding Tunnel guaranteed the construction safety and speeded up the construction process while the some experiences of the advanced geological prediction for tunnel were accumulated.

Xiajiangpo Landslide belongs to large-scale complex landslide.It has been treated for several times during 1998 to 2003,but the result is not to the satisfaction.After deformation in 2004,survey design and engineering treatment were carried out again.Through analysis and study on landslide structure and underground water effect,this paper analyzes the slope structure of this large-scale complex landslide and puts forward engineering measures for treatment,which has achieved success.

On May 12th 2008,an MS 8.0 strong earthquake hit Wenchuan,causing serious disasters.It also resulted in varying degrees of damage of Baoji-Chengdu railway’s subgrade and ancillary facilities,and the safety of railway operations were threatened.The secondary geological casualties by earthquakes also adversed safety of the railway.It is of great realistic significance to investigate the railway secondary geological casualties after the earthquake,summing up the characteristics of earthquake damage and making proposals of disasterproof engineering.

The Xiangjiapo landslide of Chongqing-Guizhou Expressway is the multilayered and complex large-scale landslides,from 1998 to 2003,many anti-sliding and prevention projects had been carried out,but the desired results(hadn't) achieved.In 2004 the landslide took place deformation again.The landslide destabilization would lead the anti-slide project failure and threat to the safety of the expressway.The slope should be designed and renovated again.From the actual survey and based on analysis of information,the awareness of the real reasons of landslide deformation became the key point for the complete reinforcement of the landslide.By further investigations and studies,the slope structure and deformation mechanism of the large and complex landslide are analyzed.The prevention and control method is successful,which is of the important value for the similar landslide prevention.