目的 对阿拉山口口岸2012年入境1514个需进行卫生处理集装箱空箱卫生状况和携带微生物情况进行调查分析,为加强入境集装箱空箱卫生检疫及卫生处理工作提供依据.方法 对箱内携带垃圾进行分类分析,随机抽取集装箱,对其箱内表面采样,参考国家有关标准,采用显色培养基和生化培养试剂盒做微生物培养、鉴定菌种.结果 处理集装箱空箱中,检查结果如下:携带动物尸体集装箱3个;携带动植物残留物集装箱101个;携带生活垃圾集装箱1 373个;携带人类或动物传染病病原体集装箱48个;携带病媒生物集装箱37个.微生物检测情况如下:随机抽取处理集装箱空箱采集412份样品,检出金黄色葡萄球菌225株;沙门氏菌20株;大肠埃希氏菌61株;蜡样芽孢杆菌199株;链球菌31株等病原微生物.结论 入境集装箱空箱携带垃圾、病原微生物为国际间疫病的传播提供了便利通道,给各国的卫生安全及人体健康带来威胁.应加强阿拉山口口岸入境集装箱空箱的卫生检疫及卫生处理工作.

Objective In order to seek a more simple and easier sanitary method to deal with wool.Methods Using epoxy ethane fumigation and microwave sterilization method respectively to deal with the packed wool in a disinfection and sterilization way and use of bacteria method to test the effect.Results In the epoxy ethane fumigation experiment,under the same time,temperature,relative humidity conditions,the disinfection requirements can be achieved when the epoxy ethane thickness is higher than the threshold limit value(TLV).In the same environmental conditions,the disinfection requirements can not be achieved when the epoxy ethane thickness is lower than the threshold limit value(TLV).Under the same epoxy ethane thickness,temperature,relative humidity,the time has apparent effect on the effect.The time is less than the limited one,the disinfection requirements can not be achieved.But by extending the time,the requirements can be achieved.In the microwave disinfection tests,under the same temperature,relative humidity,by using 700W microwave irradiation for 12min,the killing rate about the fleece of bacteria can reach 99.99%.Conclusion Ethylene oxide is a very effective method for dealing with the wool,but the time is long and the environment condition is strictly needed.And microwave sterilization method can deal the wool in a fast and environmental way.During the sanitation work on the port,we can search more methods to improve the quality and efficiency of sanitary work.

Objective Provide references for the formulation of stored-grain insect control strategies by studying sulfury fluoride's influence on the reproductive ability of T.confusum.Methods Carry out fumigation to larvae and adult of T.confusum with different dosage of sulfury fluoride in sealed container under 22 ℃, and then observe the development and fecundity of the alive larvae and adult of T.confusum in thermostat at 28±1 ℃ and ≥60% RH.Results Under the conditions of 2.5h fumigation with 16g/m3 and 10 g/m3 sulfury fluoride concentration, the mortalities of adult is higher than larvae, and the alive ones can continue to develop and reproduce.Conclusion The adult of T.confusum are more susceptible to sulfury fluoride than larvae, and sulfury fluoride has little influence on the development and reproduction of the alive ones.

Objective To know the germicidal efficacy of a binary liquid chlorine dioxide disinfectant.Method Carrier quantitative germicidal test was used to study its efficacy in killing Escherichia coli with different chlorine dioxide concentration and different contact time.Results The D value of efficacy of the solution containing chlorine dioxide 100 mg/L in killing E.coli was 1.37 min,and the concentration coefficient was 0.6582.The solution containing chlorine dioxide 100 mg/L with a 6 min contact time killed 100% of E.coli on carriers.Conclusion The binary liquid chlorine dioxide disinfectant has good efficacy in killing E.Coli.

Objective Study the impact of antifreeze on chlorine dioxide's disinfection efficacy.Methods Observe the killing efficacy by suspension quantitative germicidal test in laboratory. Results Both Ethanol and sodium chloride can be used as chlorine dioxide's low-temperature antifreezes. Killing efficacy of spores of Bacillus subtilis var. niger reach 100.00% and 99.97% respectively by using chlorine dioxide disinfectant containing 100mg/L, 250mg/L with 20 min contact time under-20℃ temperature. Conclusion The chlorine dioxide disinfectant has good and even enhanced efficacy and synergetic efficacy in killing spores of Bacillus subtilis var. niger after adding antifreeze as ethanol or sodium chloride under low temperature.