We compared an enzyme immunoassay for T4 (MTPT4) developed in Halle with the Enzymun-Test T4, Boehringer Mannheim (BMT4). Calculated coefficients of correlation can not be used for interpretation of the two methods. By construction of Bias-profiles the evaluation of concentration depended precision and accuracy is possible. Both methods can be used equally in laboratory work.

We present an enzyme immunoassay for the determination of thyroid membrane bound antibodies. This assay can help to differentiate autoimmune and non-autoimmune thyroid diseases. We used 101 sera and compared our results with these of commercial assay kits. In this form we estimate with our test more than one thyroid antibody, but we found a good correlation especially to the microsomal antibody. We can give the results as an index at a constant serum dilution or in titers.

Clinical signs and the determination of thyroid autoantibodies are usually used for the classification of hyperthyroidism. We examined the usefulness of two ELISA for the determination of membrane and thyroglobulin autoantibodies. 117 patients with Graves' disease, 53 patients with toxic goitre and 47 patients with unclear hyperthyroidism were inspected. The best classification into immunogenic and nonimmunogenic hyperthyroidism were achieved with the membrane antibodies at a borderline titre of greater than 1:400. The thyroglobulin antibodies were also useful and increased the security of the classification. We conclude that both tests are suitable for the classification of patients with hyperthyroidism and should be applied to the first diagnostic step in the immunological diagnostic of the thyroid.

We developed an ELISA for the detection of thyroglobulin antibodies of MTP. With the test the determination of Tab is simple and has a high sensibility and a high specificity. It was carried out estimations of titres, which give informations for the diagnostic of autoimmune diseases of the thyroid.

The dye stuff extinction-method stood the test for checking the separation between the regional and the systemic circulation during the perfusion of extremity tumors by cytostatic drugs. On the other hand the use of an enzyme immunoassay for direct methotrexate-level measuring in serum is recommendable in the postoperative phase. Complications by methotrexate are recognized early by means of an enzyme immunoassay and an individualized application is possible.

A sensitive and specific enzyme immunoassay for TXB2, the stable degradation product of thromboxane A2, was developed, in which the hapten molecule was labeled with pure peroxidase. After competitive binding to antibody between enzyme-labeled and free TXB2, the immunoreactive product was precipitated by double antibody technique, and the enzyme activity of the precipitate was determined spectrophotometrically. The procedures allowed a determination of 3-200 pg TXB2/tube (0.081 to 5.4 nmol/l).

A sensitive and specific enzyme immunoassay for TXB2, the stable degradation product of thromboxane A2, was developed, in which the hapten molecule was labeled with pure peroxidase. After competitive binding to antibody between enzyme-labeled and free TXB2, the immunoreactive product was precipitated by double antibody technique, and the enzyme activity of the precipitate was determined spectrophotometrically. The procedures allowed a determination of 3-200 pg TXB2/tube (0.081 to 5.4 nmol/l).

Um ein analytisches Verfahren entwickeln zu können, das eine empfindliche, zeitsparende und kostengünstige Bestimmung von humanem, die Thyreoidea sti mulierendes Hormon (TSH) gestattet, mußten mAK hergestellt und charakterisiert werden, die bestimmten Anforderungen entsprachen. Der aufzubauende Assay sollte der klinischen Relevanz der TSH-Bestimmung im Rahmen der In-vitroSchilddrüsendiagnostik gerecht werden und variabel genug sein, um an spezielle spektralphotometrische Meßverfahren adaptierbar zu sein. Des weiteren sollte es sich um ein Verfahren nach dem Prinzip des Zwei-Seiten Enzymimmunoassays (Sandwich-Prinzip) unter alleiniger Verwendung monoklonaler Antikörper als immunologische Reagenzien handeln, das besonders für die Bestimmung von humanem TSH aus Serum bzw. Blut geeignet ist.

A sensitive and specific enzyme immunoassay was developed for TXB2 and 6-oxo-PGF1 alpha, stable degradation products of TXA2 and prostacyclin. The hapten molecule was labeled with pure peroxidase. After competitive binding to antibody between enzyme-labeled and free prostanoids the immunoreactive complex was precipitated by double antibody technique. The enzyme activity of the precipitate was determined spectrophotometrically. The procedure allowed a determination of TXB2 and 6-oxo-PGF1 alpha in the range of 3-200 pg (0.008-0.53 pmol) and 10-1000 pg (0.028-2.8 pmol) respectively.

The methods for proof and determination of urinary glucose practiced in the GDR are discussed and in a comparative determination confronted to the hexokinase method (Glucoquant). Apart from this the Biophan-G stripe was compared with the multi-test stripes Ecur-test (Boehringer) and N-multistix (Ames). The methods of urinary glucose which are declared as obligatory for the GDR in the DAB 7 (D. L.) do no more correspond to the present level of knowledge. The Biophan-G stripe is the exception. By means of Ecur-test and N-multistix an in every case a 98 per cent correct semiquantitative evaluation was obtained in 250 different urines, in the Biophan-G stripe a 94 per cent evaluation.

The biological ageing comprises changes of of structure and function depending on time with the beginning of the autonomy of a living being up to death. On the one hand, the causes of this process are genetically fixed, on the other hand they depend on environmental factors and are not programmed. In the course of life the total genome and also the nucleic acid underlie influences, which must have consequences on the gene expression. In these cases the changed sensitivity of the genetic apparatus in comparison to hormones is impressionably changed. The decreased protein biosynthesis may be stimulated by increased amino acid concentrations and by SH-substances, Age-depending changes are also observed for enzymatically catalyzed reactions and in the regulation of chains of metabolism. At first the biologic ageing appears as a complex multiform process, which reaches the simplest integration level in the cellular metabolism.

For the purpose of quantitative evaluation of leucocyturias we examined the spontaneous urine (mid-stream method) of 260 patients with nephropathies. The quantitative chamber counting of non-centrifuged urine was compared with the microscopic examination of spun sediment and the Cytur-test. The microscopic examination of spun sediment has to be declined because of high falsely positive and negative results. The Cytur-test is to be performed in a simple way and of high evidence. It is referred to the necessity of an application of test-stripes for leucocyturia.