Objective: Myomectomy is the most popular treatment for women who wish to become pregnant in the future. Laparoscopic myomectomy (LM) has been increasingly performed and will probably continue to increase in popularity in the future. This study aimed to compare the perinatal outcomes after LM versus abdominal myomectomy (AM).

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate whether microfluidic sperm sorters (MFSSs) allow effective recovery of sorted motile sperm without DNA damage compared with the centrifugation and swim-up procedure. DESIGN:Experimental laboratory study. All participants completed questionnaires regarding previous and/or current diseases, surgery, reproductive experiences, lifestyle factors, and date of the preceding ejaculation. SETTING:University research laboratory. PATIENT(S):Male volunteers were recruited without setting conditions. Semen samples from healthy volunteers (n = 37) were collected in sterile containers by masturbation. INTERVENTION(S):Flow cytometric measurement and sperm chromatin structure assay analysis of DNA damage after sperm preparation using MFSS and the centrifugation and swim-up procedure. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S):Efficacy and efficiency of sperm preparation, correlation between sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) and semen parameters, and relationship between basic characteristics and DFI after the centrifugation and swim-up procedure. RESULT(S):Final sperm concentration and motility were significantly different between the centrifugation and swim-up procedure and MFSS sperm preparations. A significantly lower sperm DNA fragmentation rate was detected with MFSS compared with the centrifugation and swim-up procedure use. No correlation was observed between DFI and smoking or drinking, but significant correlations were observed between DFI and medication use and sexual abstinence duration. CONCLUSION(S):MFSSs can be used to efficiently and reliably prepare sperm compared with the centrifugation and swim-up procedure. Further research on the clinical use of MFSSs is required to evaluate the safety and usefulness of this device.

ObjectiveInvasion of ectopic endometrium into peritoneal mesothelium requires matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) for tissue remodeling. Several studies indicate that MMP9, an important enzyme for degradation of the basement membrane, is involved in progression of endometriosis(EM). Thus, elucidation of the mechanism underlying regulation of MMP gene expression in the endometrium will be helpful for understanding normal menstruation but also treatment of EM. We tested the hypothesis that TGFβ1 modifies progesterone-induced effects on the secretion of MMPs in normal and ectopic endometrium.DesignThe effects of TGFβ1 and prog. on gene expression in stromal cells from human ectopic endometrium from endometrioma and normal endometrial stromal cells (NESC) were investigated.Materials and MethodsEutopic and ectopic endometrial tissues were obtained at the time of surgery. (confirmed by histology). Cultured stromal cells were treated with control, TGFβ1, prog., or both. Cell conditioned medium samples were analyzed by quantitative gelatin zymography, gene expression was evaluated by qPCR, and adhesion assay.ResultsTreatment of EM with TGF-β1 decreased both MMP2 and MMP9 mRNA. Interestingly, prog. treatment of NESC resulted in decreased TGF-β1-induced MMP activity. In EM, prog. resulted in marked increases in MMP mRNA suggesting that ectopic endometrial stromal cells are refractory to prog.-mediated suppression of MMP activity. The properties of EM adhesion to ECM protein were dynamical higher than NESC. When EM were treated with prog., there was a dramatic significant decrease of binding to adhesion moleculers and dose dependently. Fibronectin were increased significantly in EM tissues more than endometrial tissues.ConclusionThese data support that TGFβ1 has endogenous antiprogestational effects in NESC and ectopic endometrium with EM. We suggest that the opposing effects of progesterone and TGFβ1 are important in regulation of matrix integrity in NESC but that EM is refractory to regulation of MMP activity by prog. ObjectiveInvasion of ectopic endometrium into peritoneal mesothelium requires matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) for tissue remodeling. Several studies indicate that MMP9, an important enzyme for degradation of the basement membrane, is involved in progression of endometriosis(EM). Thus, elucidation of the mechanism underlying regulation of MMP gene expression in the endometrium will be helpful for understanding normal menstruation but also treatment of EM. We tested the hypothesis that TGFβ1 modifies progesterone-induced effects on the secretion of MMPs in normal and ectopic endometrium. Invasion of ectopic endometrium into peritoneal mesothelium requires matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) for tissue remodeling. Several studies indicate that MMP9, an important enzyme for degradation of the basement membrane, is involved in progression of endometriosis(EM). Thus, elucidation of the mechanism underlying regulation of MMP gene expression in the endometrium will be helpful for understanding normal menstruation but also treatment of EM. We tested the hypothesis that TGFβ1 modifies progesterone-induced effects on the secretion of MMPs in normal and ectopic endometrium. DesignThe effects of TGFβ1 and prog. on gene expression in stromal cells from human ectopic endometrium from endometrioma and normal endometrial stromal cells (NESC) were investigated. The effects of TGFβ1 and prog. on gene expression in stromal cells from human ectopic endometrium from endometrioma and normal endometrial stromal cells (NESC) were investigated. Materials and MethodsEutopic and ectopic endometrial tissues were obtained at the time of surgery. (confirmed by histology). Cultured stromal cells were treated with control, TGFβ1, prog., or both. Cell conditioned medium samples were analyzed by quantitative gelatin zymography, gene expression was evaluated by qPCR, and adhesion assay. Eutopic and ectopic endometrial tissues were obtained at the time of surgery. (confirmed by histology). Cultured stromal cells were treated with control, TGFβ1, prog., or both. Cell conditioned medium samples were analyzed by quantitative gelatin zymography, gene expression was evaluated by qPCR, and adhesion assay. ResultsTreatment of EM with TGF-β1 decreased both MMP2 and MMP9 mRNA. Interestingly, prog. treatment of NESC resulted in decreased TGF-β1-induced MMP activity. In EM, prog. resulted in marked increases in MMP mRNA suggesting that ectopic endometrial stromal cells are refractory to prog.-mediated suppression of MMP activity. The properties of EM adhesion to ECM protein were dynamical higher than NESC. When EM were treated with prog., there was a dramatic significant decrease of binding to adhesion moleculers and dose dependently. Fibronectin were increased significantly in EM tissues more than endometrial tissues. Treatment of EM with TGF-β1 decreased both MMP2 and MMP9 mRNA. Interestingly, prog. treatment of NESC resulted in decreased TGF-β1-induced MMP activity. In EM, prog. resulted in marked increases in MMP mRNA suggesting that ectopic endometrial stromal cells are refractory to prog.-mediated suppression of MMP activity. The properties of EM adhesion to ECM protein were dynamical higher than NESC. When EM were treated with prog., there was a dramatic significant decrease of binding to adhesion moleculers and dose dependently. Fibronectin were increased significantly in EM tissues more than endometrial tissues. ConclusionThese data support that TGFβ1 has endogenous antiprogestational effects in NESC and ectopic endometrium with EM. We suggest that the opposing effects of progesterone and TGFβ1 are important in regulation of matrix integrity in NESC but that EM is refractory to regulation of MMP activity by prog. These data support that TGFβ1 has endogenous antiprogestational effects in NESC and ectopic endometrium with EM. We suggest that the opposing effects of progesterone and TGFβ1 are important in regulation of matrix integrity in NESC but that EM is refractory to regulation of MMP activity by prog.