In this paper, we present the results of Monte-Carlo simulations of the flux and energy spectra of neutrons generated as a result of galactic cosmic ray proton interactions with the material of International Space Station (ISS) inside Zvezda Service Module, the Airlock between Russian and USA segments and one of Russian Research Modules for a full configuration of ISS. Calculations were made for ISS orbit for the energy ranges <10 and >10 MeV for both maximum and minimum of solar activity. To test the accuracy of the calculations the same simulations were made for MIR orbital station and for CORONAS-I satellite and compared with the results of measurements. Calculated and measured fluxes are in reasonable agreement.

The semi-annual fluences of solar cosmic rays are suggested to use for the space weather and solar- terrestrial relations forecasting and analysis. For these purposes the statistical analysis of measured by satellites solar and galactic cosmic ray fluxes was performed. The temporal and energy distribution of semi-annual solar proton fluences and summary semi-annual solar and galactic proton fluences have been considered. Peculiarities of these distributions are discussed.