This study addresses the growing importance of artificial intelligence (AI) in the organizational context, with an emphasis on the application of chatbots to improve operational efficiency and transform customer service. Initially, aspects of the nature and evolution of chatbots are discussed, as well as the opportunities and limitations they present for the current business environment. The research problem seeks to understand the impact of chatbots on businesses, examining both the benefits and challenges associated with their use. The central question of the study asks about the positive and negative effects of adopting chatbots in organizations. The research focuses on three main areas: customer service, the efficiency of internal processes, and interpersonal relationships in the corporate environment. The relevance of the topic is also based on the impact of chatbots on work dynamics and interactions between organizations and customers, being an essential factor for innovation and research in the management area. The work ends with the identification of the limitations encountered and future work is presented.

Esta investigação tem como objetivo analisar a adesão ao tratamento anti-hipertensivo por parte dos doentes do Centro de Saúde no 1 localizado no Concelho de Bragança, bem como avaliar o conhecimento que os utentes têm acerca da HTA. A amostra aleatória simples inclui 366 inquiridos (235 do género feminino e 131 do género masculino), com idades entre os 18 e os 95 anos. Foi elaborado um questionário intersetivo, face a face, inserido num estudo de carácter transversal e observacional. Os dados foram sujeitos a tratamento estatístico através do programa SPSS 17.0 (Statistical Package for Social Sciences). Dos utentes inquiridos, 33,9% possuem HTA, sendo a média de idades de 62,9 anos. No que diz respeito ao conhecimento dos utentes sobre a doença, verificou-se que este é satisfatório em cinco das oito questões propostas. Nos indivíduos medicados, apenas 50,4% aderiram ao tratamento, sendo o esquecimento a principal justificação para a não adesão. A taxa de prevalência da HTA obtida nesta investigação poderá ser explicada pela idade avançada da maioria dos respondentes. Os utentes em geral possuem conhecimentos satisfatórios acerca da HTA, o que poderá ser resultado do esforço das equipas de saúde. Os resultados da adesão ao tratamento, embora preocupantes, assemelham-se aos obtidos por outros investigadores.

Este artigo diz respeito à revisão da literatura sobre uma das três dimensões que podem encontrar-se na literatura sobre estratégia e planeamento estratégico. Trata-se da dimensão prescritiva na qual se podem enquadrar os contributos de três escolas, designadamente a Escola do Desenho, a Escola do Planeamento e a Escola do Posicionamento. Apesar de estas escolas terem atingido o auge entre as décadas de 50 e 80 do século passado, a sua força perdura ainda hoje. Efectivamente, na actualidade a sua influência faz-se sentir na generalidade do ensino e da prática desta disciplina.

In the face of rapid globalization and rapid technological evolution, new challenges have emerged in terms of personal data protection, demanding a solid and more coherent protection framework in the European Union (EU). Thus, the European Union created a Regulation, in 2016, with the aim of protecting the privacy of personal data of citizens of the European Union. Thus, in May 2018, Regulation (EU) 2016/679 - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) entered into force. Thus, after 6 years since its creation and four since its entry into force, with this research work, we intend, through a survey, to assess the state of implementation and adoption of the GDPR in Local Public Administration in Portugal, focusing on Municipalities inserted in the Intermunicipal Community of Lands of Trás-os-Montes (CIM-TTM). The results are discussed in the light of the literature and future work is identified with the aim of evaluating the implementation of such an important regulation with regard to secrecy, privacy and preservation of personal data.

Objetivo: Revisar a cárie precoce na infância por meio da utilização adequada de flúor no dentifrício fluoretado e o papel do seu uso no público infantil, correlacionando com o mecanismo de ação da cárie e dieta cariogênica. Revisão bibliográfica: Os dentes decíduos têm grande importância na infância, no desenvolvimento e saúde da criança. A cárie dentária, uma das doenças mais difundidas e abordadas no mundo, tem diminuição da sua prevalência diretamente relacionada a utilização de flúor. Sendo importante a utilização de agentes fluoretados, instrumentos de maior importância no controle da doença cárie. Funciona como agente terapêutico e preventivo, responsável por impactos positivos na saúde e na qualidade de vida das crianças quando utilizado na quantidade e forma correta. Portanto, torna-se importante correlacionar a sintomatologia e etiologia da cárie com a dieta cariogênica e a escovação com creme dental com flúor, para a prevenção dessa doença. Considerações finais: O uso do elemento flúor é uma alternativa importante para a prevenção da cárie dentária infantil, sendo considerado um método que produz resultados significativos na redução da prevalência e tratamento desta patologia.

The expectation created around 5G is great. Major changes are foreseen, in very different areas, which will have a great impact on people’s daily lives. It is expected that smart cities will be more efficient, more sustainable and safer, with significant impacts on the people who inhabit them and also on the people who visit them. 5G technology is not being implemented in the world in a comprehensive and similar way, there are countries that already have a large coverage of this network and others that are still barely talking about this fifth-generation technology of mobile communications. Given that there is still a great unknown and uncertainty in relation to 5G, the question that this research work intends to address is to what extent this technology can initiate an intelligent era, which, in turn, provides a better quality of life for people, which each they are in greater numbers, living in cities. Thus, this work intends to cross these growing trends, with the new paradigm that is the implementation of 5G. For this, the Scopus database was used, where a search was carried out in the most recent scientific literature on these topics, since they are very current trends. The results are discussed in the light of the literature and future work is identified with a view to contributing to the enrichment of those who are dedicated to these recent themes but which are in great exponential growth.

Chestnut is deeply rooted in the Portuguese economy, gastronomy and cultural heritage. For this reason, this paper aims to understand the behavior of Portuguese chestnut consumers, their preferences, uses, buying habits and perceptions about the benefits of consuming chestnuts. A cross-sectional study was carried out based on a sample of 320 individuals. The participants buy, on average, 6.5 kg/year. Most consumers buy fresh chestnuts and do so occasionally, mainly in supermarkets and hypermarkets, fairs or directly from the producer. They prefer to buy the chestnut without packaging and the most valued attributes are quality perceived by the consumer, size and price. The district of residence and the monthly household income revealed to be differentiating factors of the frequency of chestnut consumption. In fact, chestnuts are consumed more frequently in Oporto and other Portuguese non-producer districts of chestnut and in households with an income from 580 (sic) to 1740 (sic) and more than 3480 (sic). The size, the shell conservation state, the origin and the quality perceived by consumers revealed to be determinant factors of the purchase of fresh chestnuts. These findings point out the need to better communicate the nutritional qualities and possible beneficial health effects of chestnut consumption and to invest in R&D of new chestnut-based food, therapeutic and cosmetic products.

This research aimed to understand the digital behavior of Portuguese consumers of garment and/or beauty products purchases during the COVID-19 pandemic; to verify if gender is a differentiator factor of the intention of repeating the purchase at the same store/brand and its frequency; and to correlate the intention of repeating the online purchase with age, education level, time of Internet use and frequency of online purchase. For this, a cross-sectional research based on a non-probabilistic snow ball type sample of 1521 consumers was carried out. Most consumers were female students with secondary education from the North of Portugal. They have been using the Internet for more than 5 years, and in the last 6 months, have shopped online garment and/or beauty products for 2–5 times. Among those who shopped online in the last 6 months, the most searched store was Zara. The main reason given by consumers for choosing the online purchase was comfort. The most used device to make the purchase was the mobile phone and the most payment methods used were the ATM and credit card. It was found that the intention of repeating the online purchase at the same store/brand was statically higher for women than for men. Also, women were the ones who most often made online purchases of this type of products. Furthermore, age was negatively correlated with the intention of repeating the online purchase at the same store/brand. On the contrary, the education level and the number of years of Internet use were not correlated with the same variable.

This study intends to be a further contribution to the growing academic research on hybrid entrepreneurship. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to investigate the current status of hybrid entrepreneurship. In order to achieve this objective, a computer-assisted bibliographic search was performed on 28 July 2022. This search included all publications in the scientific areas of Business, Management and Accounting and documents of the "Article" type, available in the Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) databases. The search was based on the words "hybrid entrepreneurship". The articles that include groups of individuals who combine business activities with salaried work were considered. Subsequently, for each article, it was collected information about authorship and publication date, country where the study took place, type of study, sample size, methods, objectives of the study and findings. Twenty articles were selected. The publications aimed to explore the reasons that lead individuals to be hybrid entrepreneurs, the influence of passion around this career, the uncertainty associated with salaried work, the conflict of roles between salaried work and hybrid entrepreneurship, the factors that promote or hamper the transition to hybrid entrepreneurship and/or full-time entrepreneurship, the risk attitudes of hybrid entrepreneurs, the methods of entry into hybrid entrepreneurship and the identification of determinants for hybrid entrepreneurship and its effects.

Objetivo: Conhecer o perfil demográfico e comportamento sexual e conhecimento clínico no que se refere à prevenção de IST dos estudantes do 4º ao 10º período do Curso de Odontologia de uma universidade brasileira. Métodos: Tratou-se de um estudo transversal, realizado através da aplicação de um questionário com perguntas sobre aspectos sociais, demográficos, econômicos e relativos às formas de transmissão e expressão clínica de IST. Os dados foram analisados descritivamente (médias, medianas, desvio padrão), assim como também foi realizada a análise estatística inferencial, com nível de significância de 5%. O programa utilizado para executar as inferências foi o SPSS, versão 23. Resultados: Constatou-se, preliminarmente, predominância de brancos entre os entrevistados, baixo uso de preservativos nas relações sexuais, altos índices de realização de teste para detecção de HIV e falhas no conhecimento em identificar IST passíveis de transmissão durante o atendimento odontológico. Conclusão: Há falhas no aprendizado do público-alvo da pesquisa, refletindo em desconhecimento sobre a prevenção, transmissão, sinais e sintomas de IST que envolvam a boca e seus anexos.

When the discussion on sixth-generation (6G) mobile communication networks begins in Portugal, the implementation of 5G on the ground is taking its first steps. Portugal is one of the European Union (EU) countries that is most behind in the implementation of this technology, although the European Commission considers its implementation essential for the strategy of digitizing Europe. The question that this research work intends to address is to what extent this technology can start a smart era, which in turn, provides a better experience for tourists visiting Portugal. It is known that the tourism sector in Portugal is fundamental as an economic activity, as well as for generating more wealth and creating more jobs. Thus, this work aims to cross these growing trends in our country and in the world, with the new paradigm that the implementation of 5G in Portugal is. For this, using the Scopus database, a search was carried out in the most recent scientific literature on these topics, since they are very current trends. The results are discussed in the light of the literature and future work is identified with a view to enhancing tourism, smart tourism, and smart destinations, a set of measures that can boost these concepts will also be presented.

Individuals with high organizational commitment protect organizational heritage, share organizational goals and remain in the organization in good and bad times (Batugal & Tindowen, 2019). So, this research intended to determine the level of organizational commitment and to determine whether the type of employment contract is a differentiator factor of the organizational commitment.

Introduction/framework/objectives There are oncological pathologies in which it is believed that some occupational exposures can modulate their appearance. The aim of this review was to summarize, in a succinct and practical way, what most relevant and recente data was published on the subject, in the international literature, in relation to Gastric Cancer (GC). Methodology This is a Bibliographic Review, initiated through a search carried out in January 2022 in the databases “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina and RCAAP”. Contents Gastric Cancer is the fifth most common and the second or third deadliest. Pathogenesis includes a complex interaction between genetic, microbiological, environmental and dietary factors, as well as alcohol, tobacco and socioeconomic status. The possible association with occupational issues is insufficiently investigated; references are found for wood, aromatic amines, pesticides/herbicides, coal, chromium, cadmium, lead, asbestos, solvents, nitrogen oxides, ionizing radiation/rádon and Helicobacter Pylori. The most relevant activities in this context are stone extraction, mining; agriculture, fishing; ceramics, textiles, food, rubber, leather and cosmetics production; traditional Chinese medication; laundry (traditional and dry); as well as stations with dust and/or high temperatures (metallurgy, foundry, boilermakers) and fire departments. Discussion and Conclusions There are some sectors/tasks/agents associated with Gastric Cancer with greater or lesser consensus in the international literature. All Occupational Health and Safety professionals working in these areas and all workers involved must be aware (at least briefly) of the associated conditions, in order to mitigate the risk. It would be interesting to assess their knowledge on this topic and understand, among the most relevant sectors at the national level, which concrete protection measures (collective and individual) are taken and what their respective effectiveness appears to be. KEYWORDS: gastric cancer, stomach cancer, safety at work, occupational health and occupational medicine.

Background: Unfinished root formation has always offered challenges in endodontics due to technical difficulties and weakened teeth resistance during the lifetime of an individual. Pulp revascularization therapy appeared as a solution for apical closure and root maturation. The existence of oral stem cells involved in the process associated with traditional resident cells requires adequate blood supply given by induced controlled injury deliberately accomplished into the periapical zone. Objective: The aim of this work was to research, through literature review, the main mechanisms involved in the process of apical closure through the technique of pulp revascularization. Conclusion: Apice closure in pulpless teeth seems to happen as a result of professional intervention and biological activity. The success rate depends on the role of traditional local immune cells and stem cells associated with adequate blood supply to finish root formation.

Economic literacy can be defined as the ability to use related knowledge and skills to manage financial sources effectively. Economic literacy is about knowing and applying the main economic theories in making rational economic decisions. Higher literacy levels on economy will lead to an increase in society's and individuals' economic efficiency and well-being. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the impact of the General Principles of Economics (GPE) course on students' economic literacy and to identify subjects in which students show greater difficulty. To collect the data, a questionnaire that included socioeconomic variables and the Economic Literacy Test (ELT) developed by the National Council of Economic Education (NCEE) was applied. The ELT includes twenty questions of multiple choice. There were four choices: a correct answer, two incorrect ones and a fourth choice for the students that did not knew the answer. Basically, the ELT is about basic economic concepts and allows to evaluate the literacy of students and adults in four topics, namely consumer economics; production economics; financial economics; government's economic role and international trade. The ELT was applied to all students that were enrolled in GPE, who were present in the first class, in September 2017. At the end of the semester (January 2018), the same questionnaire was applied. GPE is a course of the Languages for International Relations degree from a public higher education institution, located in the northern of Portugal. Of the 95 students enrolled in GPE, 70 completed the questionnaire at the beginning of the semester. Of these, only 45 answered the questionnaire at the end of the semester that corresponds to a response rate of 47.4%. Data analysis was carried out using IBM SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) 25.0. Descriptive statistics was used to characterize the sample. In order to compare the students' knowledge level on economics, pre and post-course, the Wilcoxon test was applied. For each question (correct and incorrect answer), the McNemar test was used to compare pre and post-course samples, considering each question, in order to verify if the course was responsible for the changes that occurred between the two moments. For both statistical tests, a significance level of 5% was used. Students were, mainly, female (60%), with a mean age of 19.4 years old (SD = 1.63). Only 20.0% had previous training in economics during high school and 8.9% have already attended the GPE course in previous years without success. Most students came from rural areas (53.0%) and their parents were employed (father: 86.7%; mother: 73.3%), and the monthly income level was up to 1000 euros (59.1%). Most mothers had an educational level between 3rd cycle (33.3%) and high school (31.1%) while the fathers' educational level ranged between 2nd and 3rd cycles with 24.4% and 33.3%, respectively. The knowledge level pre and post-course was, on average, 12.0 (SD = 2.55) and 12.9 (SD = 3.24) out of 20, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in students' level of knowledge pre and post-course (p-value = 0.091). Students proved to have a fair level of knowledge pre and post-course. At the end of the course, most students showed improvements in the literacy level on economy. However, the improvement was not statistically significant. So, in the future, in order to improve the economic literacy level, some topics must be emphasized by the teacher, namely, financial, consumer and producer economics.

The last decades have witnessed an intensification of research on positive affective experiences in the workplace. Happiness in the workplace is paramount to improve productivity in any organization since happy people are naturally people who care about the quality of the work they develop and therefore, they are more productive and more efficient. The aim of this study was to measure the impact of the factors motivation at work and work environment on happiness in the workplace. The study population involved collaborators from various professional categories from an institution for social solidarity, located in the municipal district of Braganca, Portugal. Among a total of 353 workers, 186 were selected randomly and a response rate of 52.7% was obtained. The results showed that motivation at work and work environment are both predictors of happiness at work. However, it is motivation at work that most contributes to happiness at work. Within this context, keeping work environments that promote positive and healthy relationships among professionals and investing in workers' motivation and wellbeing improves their professional performance, thus contributing to the success of the organization.