Two-layer organic photoreceptors consisting of a dye sensitizer acting as the charge generation layer (CGL) and a hole transport layer (HTL) have been investigated by steady-state photoconduction measurements and time-of-flight experiments. With these techniques effects of exciton diffusion, charge-carrier generation, charge injection and charge transport can be studied. The measurements were carried out with (i) single generation layers consisting of Ate-pigment dispersion and Titanylphthalocyanine pigment dispersion and (ii) with two-layered photoreceptors using Azo and TiOPc as charge generation layer and TDAPB and hexa(hexylthio)triphenylene (HHTT) as charge transport materials. We found that in the Phthalocyanine/HTL-system the efficiency for charge injection into the HTL is transport-limited due to the hole mobility of the Titanylphthalocyanine dispersion, whereas the efficiency in the Azo/HTL receptor is limited by the diffusion of excitons and (or) holes towards the CGL/HTL-interface. We draw to the conclusion that illumination of the Phthalocyanine sensitizer leads to the formation of charge-transfer excitons which subsequently dissociate into free charges. In contrast to this, the Ate-pigment as a sensitizer seems to form strongly bound excitons. Hence no dissociation in free charge-carriers occurs except on the CGL/HTL-interface where the hole transport molecules act as electron donors. From steady-state photocurrent measurements we calculate diffusion lengths belonging to the diffusion of excitons and minority charge-carriers respectively.

Charge-carrier transport and charge-carrier injection in mono-layers and two-layer photoreceptors with both "conventional", i. e., molecularly doped polymeric (MDP) transport layers and novel liquid-crystalline (LC) transport systems have been investigated by time-of-flight (TOF) experiments. As compared to the MDP materials, the LC model compounds showed a considerable potential towards high-speed xerographic application due to a charge-carrier mobility as high as 0,1 cm2/V s for the hexa(hexyltho)triphenylene (HHTT). In two-layer systems with MDP CTL, the formation of a sharp and well-defined interface between CGL and TL is impossible, a bulky intermediate layer is inevitable due to the wet-coating process. This results in a delayed charge-carrier injection due to space-charge effects originating from the intermediate layer. Two-layer systems with a LC CTL allow to investigate two novel aspects: (i) Since preparation of a LC CU is feasible in a solvent-free process, the formation of an ideal, i.e., sharp interface between CU and CGL is possible. Hence, charge-carrier injection from a well-defined interface can be studied. The results can be explained (i) by taking into account the different extrinsic charge-generation mechanisms for azo pigments (Azo) and phthalocyanine pigments and (ii) the different HOMO levels of Azo and phthalocyanine as compared to the HOMO-level of HHTT (ii) Due to the high charge carrier mobility, the LC CU is a "fast enough probe" to monitor time resolved injection phenomena.