ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConcentrations of six metals in the air of eight citiesBernard E. Saltzman, Jacob. Cholak, Lawrence J. Schafer, David W. Yeager, Bernard G. Meiners, and Jozef. SvetlikCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1985, 19, 4, 328–333Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es00134a004https://doi.org/10.1021/es00134a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views54Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts

The extraction AAS procedure used for the determination of lead in biological and related material has been adapted with only a minor modification to the determination of cadmium in body tissues and in fluids, water, foods, and airborne dusts. The modification involved an adjustment of volume to decrease the concentration effect, noted when a relatively large volume of distilled water was used to bring the MIBK layer into the neck of the volumetric flasks. A sensitivity of 0.010 ppm can be attained, and accuracies of analysis range from ±10% for fractions of a microgram of cadmium to about ±4% for microgram quantities of cadmium. Because of the known association of cadmium with some lead ores, one hundred samples of blood from workers in various lead industries were analyzed. No relationship between the concentrations of lead and cadmium was found. Further, after deletion of ten obviously aberrant results, a mean concentration of 0.2 μg of cadmium per 100 ml of blood was obtained for the remaining ninety subjects in the industrial population studied.

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of lead in biological and related material by atomic absorption spectrophotometryJacob Cholak, David W. Yeager, and Ethel W. HendersonCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1971, 5, 10, 1020–1022Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es60057a010https://doi.org/10.1021/es60057a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views341Altmetric-Citations115LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts

A field study of installed fibrous-glass duct systems which had been in service for some time at six different sites was undertaken as a follow- up of a study of new fibrous-glass materials which had been tested in accordance with specification by the Underwriter’s Laboratories, inc. As was the case with the earlier test, air samples collected at the outlets of the installed duct systems showed no evidence of the erosion of fibers. Dust which had settled on superstructures or which had been removed by wiping walls near the sampling sites generally contained some glass fibers. The presence of glass fibers in these dusts is attributed to dust which had accumulated over several years or more from many possible sources.

The use of either a variable voltage transformer (Variac) for regulating the fan speed or resistances has been widely accepted for varying the air flow through a high-volume sampler during calibration. Calibration data for the Staplex high-volume sampler demonstrate that significant differences exist between the calibration results obtained by the two metheds. Calibration curves obtained with a bellows-type dry gas meter and a rotating vane anemometer clearly illustrate that resistances should be used as the standard procedure for varying the flow rate during calibration of the Staplex high-volume sampler. A simplified calibration procedure utilizing a rotating vane anemometer at the sampler inlet is described.

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGas chromatographic determination of beryllium in biological materials and in airMadbuli Noweir and Jacob CholakCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1969, 3, 10, 927–930Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es60033a005https://doi.org/10.1021/es60033a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views19Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts

Microemission Spectrochemical Analysis of Human Lungs for Beryllium Get access Farrel R. Robinson, Major, USAF, VC, Farrel R. Robinson, Major, USAF, VC Aerospace Medical Research Laboratories, Aerospace Medical Division, Air Force Systems Command, W right-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Solomon F. Brokeshoulder, B.S., Solomon F. Brokeshoulder, B.S. Aerospace Medical Research Laboratories, Aerospace Medical Division, Air Force Systems Command, W right-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Anthony A. Thomas, M.D., Anthony A. Thomas, M.D. Aerospace Medical Research Laboratories, Aerospace Medical Division, Air Force Systems Command, W right-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Cholak, Ch.E. J. Cholak, Ch.E. Aerospace Medical Research Laboratories, Aerospace Medical Division, Air Force Systems Command, W right-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Clinical Pathology, Volume 49, Issue 6, 1 June 1968, Pages 821–825, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/49.6.821 Published: 01 June 1968 Article history Received: 10 August 1967 Published: 01 June 1968

The movement of particulate lead compounds from the exhausts of gasoline-driven motor vehicles on a heavily travelled high-speed roadway (120,000 vehicles/24 hours) is under investigation in the Cincinnati area. The findings for the first year of the investigation indicate an average concentration of 7.8 micrograms/m3 at the roadway, 1.7 micrograms/m3 1300 feet to the leeward, and 1.1 micrograms/m3 at the station, 11000 feet leeward of the source of the lead. The concentration of lead in the air at the latter station is approximately the same as that of six years ago, as reported in the Public Health Service Publication No. 999-AP-12. The mass median equivalent diameter of the lead particles was found to be approximately 0.30 micron, with 70% of the lead being in the particles below 1 micron in diameter. Diurnal patterns reflected rush hour traffic as well as climatic conditions. Concentrations of lead in soils and grasses varied according to the distance from the roadway, with most of the contamination occurring within 100 feet of the roadway.

From wind tunnel studies, Halitsky has developed models for prediction of pollutant concentrations around buildings from short vents. His equations (with some modifications), evaluated for outdoor conditions, were found to give accurate predictions. His model for prediction within the building cavity and two other models, applicable beyond the cavity, were evaluated. A tracer was burned in an incinerator. Stack emissions were isokinetically collected on filter papers. Field samples around the building were also collected on filter papers. The samples were activated in a nuclear reactor. The tracer was then separated and counted. In 13 tests (114 samples) most actual versus predicted dilutions differed by less than a factor of 3. In only one case was the difference greater than a factor of 7.

Continuous monitoring of the air at seven representative work locations in a beryllium alloying plant during a five-day period in 1960 showed that concentrations of beryllium in the air at all locations greatly exceeded the TLV of 2 micrograms per cubic meter of air. A similar survey during 1966 also yielded concentrations which exceeded the TLV for the greater portion of the time. Studies of the range of sizes of particles present in the air indicated that the particles were principally below 2 microns in size and that the particles in the so-called “respirable” range of sizes contained approximately 30% of the total beryllium present in the air. Concentrations of beryllium fluctuated widely from hour to hour at each location. Average concentrations observed during the two surveys are considered representative of concentrations which have existed in this plant during the last 13 years of operation. No cases of chronic berylliosis disease have been reported among workmen who have been under close medical surveillance during this period.

The metal beryllium has been successfully and unequivocally demonstrated by microemission spectrography on a semiquantitative basis in tissue sections 50 microns thick. The beryllium was localized in individual pulmonary granulomas in dogs exposed to beryllium. The determination of the lower limit of detection could indicate the threshold level of beryllium in tissue that can induce injury. Beryllium acetylacetonate dissolved in technical-grade xylene was used to prepare a series of working standards. Initial results indicate that as little as 1.48 × 10−12 gm of beryllium is a sample of paraffin weighing about 2.91 × 108 gm has been detected. Similar or greater quantities of beryllium have been demonstrated in similar-size samples of embedded lung tissue from dogs exposed to beryllium.

(1963). Boron, Cadmium, Chromium, and Nickel in Blood and Urine. Archives of Environmental Health: An International Journal: Vol. 6, No. 2, pp. 286-295.

The role of chemistry in the practice of industrial hygiene is discussed. Responsibilities of the industrial hygiene chemist in the day's work and his participation in planning of investigations are outlined. Specific techniques and current trends are also described.