Inflammation is known to play a key role in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease such as Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis have an increased risk of developing colorectal cancer. Our lab has demonstrated that 5-lipoxygenase (5LO), an enzyme in the inflammatory arachidonic acid pathway, is critical for the development of adenomatous polyps, which are known precursor lesions to colorectal cancer. We previously used the APCΔ468 mouse model, which develops a severe intestinal polyposis at four months of age, and genetically knocked out 5LO in this model resulting in a dramatic decrease in intestinal polyps. In this study, we hypothesize that an oral 5LO inhibitor, zileution, will attenuate inflammation and polyp growth.

Lung cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers worldwide, and is the leading cause of cancer-related death in men and women in the United States. Previous research has explored the role of the immune system and cancer and how inflammation is regulated by the human body. One of the vital components of the immune system is regulatory T-cells (Treg) which normally function to temper the immune response, prevent autoimmunity, and decrease inflammation. Recent studies have shown that in the presence of cancer, Tregs can transform from an anti-inflammatory to pro-inflammatory phenotype and actually stimulate tumorogenesis. Tregs have been divided into three subpopulations based on functionality. The levels of each group have been shown to vary between healthy volunteers (HV) and patients with inflammatory diseases. Recent work in our laboratory has shown that Treg fraction two (FrII) in colon cancer patients may be responsible for the pro-inflammatory properties of cancer infiltrating Tregs which could be a link to pathogenesis. The aim of this study was to determine if similar Treg distributions and characteristics were present in non-small cell lung cancer (LC) patients.

10584 Background: Colon cancer is the fourth most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Mutations of the APC gene are found in the majority of sporadic cases of polyps and cancer and are the cause of familial adenomatous polyposis. The role of inflammation in the progression of polyps to cancer is well established. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4) is a member of the CD28-B7 immunoglobulin superfamily that mediates non-antigen specific interactions w/ antigen presenting cells and prevents or down-regulates the activation of T-cells in response to a stimulus. Treatment of cancer patients with anti-CTLA-4 antibody (aCTLA4) has shown some promise in melanoma, prostate and ovarian tumors. We have recently observed polyp specific T-cell responses in a mouse model of polyposis and hypothesize that treatment with aCTLA4 will enhance this response, resulting in a reduction of polyps. Methods: Using a well-established murine model of polyposis, APCΔ468, animals were randomized to receive either 100µg monoclonal aCTLA4, 9H10 (BioXCell), or PBS. Intraperitoneal injections were performed every other day for 3 doses. The primary endpoint was number of polyps in the small intestine and large intestine. Animals were sacrificed and polyps were counted by gross inspection at 3-weeks (n=6 for each group) and 6-weeks (n=3 for each group) post injection. Interferon-γ ELISPOT analysis was performed on splenic lymphocytes to evaluate tumor specific immunity. Results: A reduction in small intestinal polyp count was seen in the 3-week aCTLA4 group compared to controls, 48 +/- 13 vs. 100 +/- 12 (p=0.0154). This decrease was sustained at 6-weeks, 46 +/- 6 (p=0.0032). No significant difference was noted in large intestinal polyp counts at 3- or 6-weeks. Preliminary ELISPOT analysis revealed a trend toward increased spots in the aCTLA4 group. Conclusions: Anti-CTLA4 treatment with a monoclonal antibody resulted in a reduction of polyp load in a murine model of intestinal polyposis up to six weeks following treatment. Thus, aCTLA4 may be useful for treatment of intestinal pre-neoplasia. Further studies are needed to assess the immunologic affect of aCTLA4 in the treatment of polyposis and colon cancer.

Deep-penetration multichannel seismic reflection profiles off the southeastern United States reveal widespread seaward-dipping reflectors (SDRs). Similar features have been imaged and sampled on other North Atlantic rifted margins, where voluminous volcanism has accompanied continental breakup. Beneath the Carolina trough are two sets of SDRs, one along a basement hinge zone and another seaward of the East Coast magnetic anomaly axis. The hinge SDRs lie beneath, and apparently developed prior to, a flood basalt that erupted at 184 +/- 3 Ma and is marked by a prominent reflector, J. Beneath the northern Blake Plateau basin, only the hinge SDRs are observed, but they developed after J. We suggest that the inferred north-to-south age difference of SDR emplacement implies a heretofore unrecognized time-transgressive breakup of northwest Africa and North America during the early Middle Jurassic.

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Aeromagnetic anomaly surveying has been used extensively for geophysical exploration since just before World War II. Its primary value in hydrocarbon exploration has been for mapping the strong magnetic anomalies of the crystalline magnetic basement rocks to estimate the regional thickness of overlying, potential oil and gas bearing sediments. These basement responses are typically in the amplitude range of 2--200 nanotesla (nT) or gammas. In contrast, High Resolution Aeromagnetic (HRA) surveys specifically target the sedimentary stack where response amplitudes generated are typically in the range of 0.2-2.0 nT. These low intensity anomalies generated within the sediments are related to changes in the magnetic composition of rocks. This will occur when rocks of differing magnetic intensities are juxtaposed across a fault, or at a stratigraphic truncation. With this objective in mind a new high resolution, high sensitivity aeromagnetic survey was conducted over parts of Wilson and Karnes counties in Texas.

Reviews of GeophysicsVolume 29, Issue S1 p. 416-427 Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism CRUSTAL STRUCTURE INTERPRETED FROM MAGNETIC ANOMALIES Jeffrey D. Phillips, Jeffrey D. Phillips U.S. Geological Survey, 927 National Center, Reston. VA 22092Search for more papers by this authorRichard L. Reynolds, Richard L. Reynolds U.S. Geological Survey, MS 964, Box 25046, Denver Federal Center, Denver, CO 80225Search for more papers by this authorHerbert Frey, Herbert Frey NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Geophysics Branch 622, Greenbelt, MD 20771Search for more papers by this author Jeffrey D. Phillips, Jeffrey D. Phillips U.S. Geological Survey, 927 National Center, Reston. VA 22092Search for more papers by this authorRichard L. Reynolds, Richard L. Reynolds U.S. Geological Survey, MS 964, Box 25046, Denver Federal Center, Denver, CO 80225Search for more papers by this authorHerbert Frey, Herbert Frey NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Geophysics Branch 622, Greenbelt, MD 20771Search for more papers by this author First published: 1991 https://doi.org/10.1002/rog.1991.29.s1.416Citations: 4Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume29, IssueS11991Pages 416-427 RelatedInformation

Research Article| October 01, 1990 Crustal structure of the Southeast Georgia embayment-Carolina trough: Preliminary results of a composite seismic image of a continental suture(?) and a volcanic passive margin James A. Austin, Jr.; James A. Austin, Jr. 1University of Texas Institute for Geophysics, 8701 North Mopac Boulevard, Austin, Texas, 78759-8345 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Paul L. Stoffa; Paul L. Stoffa 1University of Texas Institute for Geophysics, 8701 North Mopac Boulevard, Austin, Texas, 78759-8345 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Joseph D. Phillips; Joseph D. Phillips 1University of Texas Institute for Geophysics, 8701 North Mopac Boulevard, Austin, Texas, 78759-8345 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Jinyong Oh; Jinyong Oh 2Department of Geological Sciences, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Dale S. Sawyer; Dale S. Sawyer 3Department of Geology & Geophysics, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar G. Michael Purdy; G. Michael Purdy 4Department of Geology & Geophysics, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Ed Reiter; Ed Reiter 4Department of Geology & Geophysics, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Janis Makris Janis Makris 5Universität Hamburg, Institut für Geophysik, Bundesstrasse 55, D-2000, Hamburg 13, Federal Republic of Germany Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Geology (1990) 18 (10): 1023–1027. https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1990)018<1023:CSOTSG>2.3.CO;2 Article history first online: 02 Jun 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation James A. Austin, Paul L. Stoffa, Joseph D. Phillips, Jinyong Oh, Dale S. Sawyer, G. Michael Purdy, Ed Reiter, Janis Makris; Crustal structure of the Southeast Georgia embayment-Carolina trough: Preliminary results of a composite seismic image of a continental suture(?) and a volcanic passive margin. Geology 1990;; 18 (10): 1023–1027. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1990)018<1023:CSOTSG>2.3.CO;2 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyGeology Search Advanced Search Abstract New deep-penetration multichannel seismic reflection data, combined with refraction results and magnetics modeling, support a hypothesis that the Carolina trough is a Mesozoic volcanic passive margin exhibiting a seaward-dipping wedge and associated underplating. The structure of Carolina platform continental crust is consistent with the late Paleozoic continental collision that produced the Appalachians, but imbrication has had no obvious effect on shallower structures produced by Mesozoic extension and volcanism. The origin of prominent magnetic anomalies crossing the Southeast Georgia embayment can be explained by processes attending Mesozoic separation of Africa and North America, and is not related to a Paleozoic continental suture, as previously postulated. This content is PDF only. Please click on the PDF icon to access. First Page Preview Close Modal You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.

Multiple ship multichannel seismic measurements in the Baltimore Canyon Trough reveal a deep crustal layer with p-wave velocity of 7.2 km s−1. It apparently continues into oceanic layer 3 from beneath the inner shelf where it presumably underlies the continental basement. The layer may be plutonically solidified mantle melt. Its continuity from continental shelf to deep ocean basin may reflect a continuous progression between plutonic emplacement into the continental crust and plutonic construction of the lower oceanic crust. The deep magmatic expression of late stage continental rifting and early seafloor spreading may be very similar and blur the structural expression of the continent-ocean boundary.

Journal Article Film Conglomerate “Blockbusters” Get access Joseph D. Phillips Joseph D. Phillips 1Joseph D. Phillips is Research Professor at the University of Illinois's Bureau of Economic and Business Research. He is the author of Little Business in the American Economy and co-editor (with Herbert I. Schiller) of Super-State: Readings in the Military-Industrial Complex Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Communication, Volume 25, Issue 2, June 1975, Pages 171–182, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1975.tb00594.x Published: 07 February 2006

Research Article| September 01, 1974 Preliminary Model for Extrusion and Rifting at the Axis of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 36°48′ North James G. Moore; James G. Moore 1U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, California 94025 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Henry S. Fleming; Henry S. Fleming 2Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Joseph D. Phillips Joseph D. Phillips 3Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Author and Article Information James G. Moore 1U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, California 94025 Henry S. Fleming 2Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375 Joseph D. Phillips 3Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543 Publisher: Geological Society of America First Online: 02 Jun 2017 Online ISSN: 1943-2682 Print ISSN: 0091-7613 Geological Society of America Geology (1974) 2 (9): 437–440. https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1974)2<437:PMFEAR>2.0.CO;2 Article history First Online: 02 Jun 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Permissions Search Site Citation James G. Moore, Henry S. Fleming, Joseph D. Phillips; Preliminary Model for Extrusion and Rifting at the Axis of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 36°48′ North. Geology 1974;; 2 (9): 437–440. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1974)2<437:PMFEAR>2.0.CO;2 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyGeology Search Advanced Search Abstract The inner rift valley of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge at 36°48′ N. is 1.5 to 3 km wide and 100 to 400 m deep. It is symmetrical in profile with a discontinuous medial ridge 100 to 240 m high and 800 to 1,300 m wide along its axis. The medial ridge is replaced every 1 to 3 km with a central trough 200 to 600 m wide.The medial ridge is apparently built by eruptions of pillow basalt recurring at intervals of roughly 14,000 years at a given point. Between eruptions (and possibly during them), the ridge splits and divides along its axis and subsides, which produces the central trough. As the trough widens and deepens, it eventually taps magma in a shallow reservoir, initiating a new eruption that rebuilds the medial ridge.Outward spreading of the inward-dipping shingled halves of the former medial ridge produces a layer of pillowed basalts about 400 m thick (oceanic layer 2A), in which resides the bulk of the remanant magnetization of the ocean floor. This layer overlies a layer of intrusive rock (layer 2B) composed of a dike complex that feeds eruptions building the medial ridge as well as the outward moving, solidified shells of a shallow magma chamber. This content is PDF only. Please click on the PDF icon to access. First Page Preview Close Modal You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.