Methods are presented for planning individual catch-sampling, tagging, and field-sampling programs to estimate salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) harvest in recreational and commercial fisheries from several hatchery-produced and wild cohorts through recovery of coded-wire tags. We show how to determine sample sizes sufficiently large to detect harvest and link sample sizes to expenditures through linear and allometric cost functions to determine optimal tagging and catch-sampling rates. Sample sizes that will minimize bias and variance are charted for field-sampling programs designed to estimate the fraction of a cohort with tags. We describe sampling strategies that can be used to detect or to minimize bias in harvest estimates from tag loss, tag-induced mortality, tag-induced straying, and nonrandom sampling. Methods are demonstrated with data on cohorts of chinook (O. tshawytscha) and coho salmon (O. kisutch) from Alaska.

This study reviews the development of the Life Role Salience Scales (LRSS), which were designed to assess men's and women's personal expectations concerning occupational, marital, parental, and homecare roles. Two aspects of personal role expectations were assessed by means of the scales: (a) the personal importance or value attributed to participation in a particular role, and (b) the intended level of commitment of personal time and energy resources to enactment of a role. Measurement of these dimensions by means of a set of attitude scales was the focus of the research effort. Design objectives were to develop an instrument applicable to both men and women and to persons anticipating as well as those currently engaged in these four roles, and to provide items that might reflect attitudinal changes as a result of changes in role status. Research results indicate that the instrument has eight clearly defined scales demonstrating adequate convergent and discriminant validity and reliability.

AbstractProper design, construction, testing and maintenance of Class 1 (hazardous waste) injection wells can guarantee that all waste is delivered to the injection zone. To assess the effects of waste injection, analytical models were developed which predict waste movement and pressure increases within the injection zone, and describe upward permeation through confining layers.A basic plume model was used to track waste from several injection wells with varied injection history at DuPont's Victoria Texas site. To determine the maxi‐mum distance that any portion of the waste might travel, special purpose models were employed to account for (1) density differences between the waste and the native formation brine, and (2) layered permeability variation within the injection zone. The results were generalized to a “multiplying factor concept,” which facilitates development of a worst‐case scenario.A pressure distribution model based on the Theis (1935) equation for radial flow was applied to the Victoria site, with modifications to account for multiple wells, injection history and geological complexities.Permeation into an intact confining layer was investigated by a new technique based on the Hantush and Jacob (1955) “leaky aquifer” theory. The model defines the maximum permeation distance, taking into account post‐injection pressure decay.Defects within confining layers, such as faults, fractures and abandoned wells, have been considered. Studies to evaluate their detailed characteristics are continuing. Initial results indicate that faults and fractures are not likely to provide conductive pathways in Gulf Coast settings, and site‐specific evaluations are required to assess the impact of abandoned wells.

To the Editor.—We have observed a patient with an ischemic cerebrovascular accident (CVA) who, when given theophylline to treat his chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, had notable exacerbation of spasticity of his hemiplegic limbs.Report of a Case.—Within 36 hours of the first dose of theophylline, the patient lost selective finger and wrist motion and the spasticity was noted to have markedly increased. The patient complained of increased shoulder pain and muscle spasm. No shoulder trauma or subluxation was identified. Four days after initiation of the theophylline (Theo-dur) therapy (54 days after the CVA), the serum theophylline level was 5.7 μg/mL (therapeutic level, 10 to 20 μg/mL), so the dosage was increased to 300 mg, given orally every eight hours. Three days later, a serum theophylline level was 9.4 μg/mL. More aggressive therapy to the left upper extremity, consisting of heat, passive and active assistive range of motion, and