We measured the C-12(e,e'p) cross section as a function of missing energy in parallel kinematics for (q,omega)=(970 MeV/c, 330 MeV) and (990 MeV/c, 475 MeV). At omega=475 MeV, at the maximum of the quasielastic peak, there is a large continuum (E-m>50 MeV) cross section extending out to the deepest missing energy measured, amounting to almost 50% of the measured cross section. The ratio of data to distorted-wave impulse approximation (DWIA) calculation is 0.4 for both p and s shells. At omega = 330 MeV, well below the maximum of the quasielastic peak,the continuum cross section is much smaller and the ratio of data to DWIA calculation is 0.85 for the p shell and 1.0 for the s shell. We infer that one or more mechanisms that increase with omega transform some of the single-nucleon knockouts into a multinucleon knockout, decreasing the valence knockout cross section and increasing the continuum cross section. [S0556-2813(99)00701-3].

Ratios of double-differential cross sections for incident 500-MeV pions are presented for (π+,π+p) and (π+,π−p) reactions on 12,13C, 90Zr, and 208Pb. A comparison with intra-nuclear cascade-model calculations suggest that the outgoing pion spectra show a feature consistent with quasi-free scattering from the Δ− component of the nuclear ground state wave function.

The spectrum of excited states in the hypernucleus C-13(Lambda) was studied at the Brookhaven Alternate Gradient Synchrotron using the (K-, pi(-)) reaction on an enriched C-13 target. gamma rays coincident with the p(1/2 Lambda) state were observed using two large sodium iodide detectors. We interpret them as arising from the p(1/2 Lambda) --> s(1/2 Lambda) transition in C-13(Lambda). This represents the first direct observation of a gamma ray associated with the transition of a hyperon between major nuclear shells.

Electron-scattering data have been taken on Ca-48 for twelve momentum transfer points covering a range of effective momentum transfer from 0.69 to 2.25 fm(-1). Cross sections have been extracted for the second electric monopole state at 4.284 MeV, and the transition charge density have been extracted from all existing data. Interpretation of the underlying nuclear structure is given in the framework of a Finite Fermi System theory, assuming that this state is a two-phonon state.

We have excited the giant resonance region in C-12 via inelastic electron scattering, and have measured the first complete angular correlations for charged particle emission for this reaction for four values of momentum transfer ranging from 0.24 fm(-1) to 0.61 fm(-1). By analyzing the alpha-emission channels via the Legendre and resonance formalisms, we unambiguously determined the multipole contributions to the total cross section for alpha emission to the ground state of Be-8, and have set Limits on these contributions for alpha emission to the first excited state of Be-8. We have found that, in both cases, E2 radiation is the strongest contribution but that E0 and E3 contributions cannot be ignored. By constructing total multipole form factors and fitting them within the distorted wave Born approximation using a transition charge density specified by the Tassie model, we deduced multipole transition strengths and fractions of the appropriate sum rules. Our results are compared with those from the (p,p'alpha) and (alpha,alpha'alpha) reactions.

Elastic electron scattering cross sections have been measured for Y-89 at 180-degrees for 0.72 < q < 2.67 fm-1. The M1 form factor has been extracted and a Fourier-Bessel analysis performed to obtain the ground-state magnetization density. Calculations including effects of core polarization have been performed within the framework of the finite Fermi system theory. These show a weakening of the strong repulsion in the spin-isospin channel and are in overall agreement with the data.

We have measured the first complete angular correlations of \ensuremath{\alpha}-particle emission from the $^{12}\mathrm{C}$ isoscalar giant quadrupole resonance (${\mathrm{GQ}}_{0}$R) following excitation by inelastic electron scattering, for momentum transfers from 0.24 to 0.61 ${\mathrm{fm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$. Analysis of these uniquely determines the ${\mathrm{GQ}}_{0}$R strength distribution for the ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\alpha}}}_{0}$ channel and sets limits on that for ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\alpha}}}_{1}$.

Non-charge-exchange inclusive cross sections have been measured at 500 MeV incident pion energy at quasifree scattering kinematics for both positive and negative pion charges. Peaks identified with quasifree knockout are seen at momentum transfers from 314 to 724 MeV/c. The widths and sizes of the peaks seen are consistent with the knockout of single nucleons from the nuclear surface. The data are consistent with no softening of the pion quasifree response at high momentum transfer, in contrast to the result seen in 500-MeV pion charge exchange data.

Inclusive double-differential cross sections for 500-MeV pions are presented for C(pi+/-, pi+/-) at theta(lab) of 30-degrees, 40-degrees, 50-degrees, 70-degrees, and 90-degrees; and for C(pi-, pi-) at 110-degrees. We compare the 50-degrees and 70-degrees data with C(e, e') data at nearly the same momentum transfer. These spectra from very different probes are more similar than expected from an intranuclear cascade calculation, which includes the strong rescattering of pions that have energies near 180 MeV. Agreement of the calculated spectra and the pion data is improved if the nucleus is assumed to be nearly transparent to these pions.

Inelastic pi+/- cross-section measurements at a pion incident energy of 162 MeV were made for 12 previously known 6- states in Mg-26. The peak resolution was significantly improved over a previous Mg-26(pi,pi') report describing only two 6- states. Using both harmonic oscillator and Woods-Saxon wave functions (unbound as necessary), the pion scattering data were combined with electron scattering data to determine the isoscalar magnetic structure coefficients for each state. Although more stretched transitions have been located by pion scattering on Mg-26 than in any other nucleus, the total isoscalar strength was only 12% of the extreme single particle sum rule, and only about 1/4 of that predicted by more complete calculations. Discrepancies between the isoscalar strengths for several of these states and those found from a combined electron-proton scattering analysis are pointed out.