The current study looks at the mechanical, corrosion, and tribological aspects of tungsten carbide milling inserts coated with Aluminum Chromium Nitride (AlCrN) and Diamond-Like Carbone (DLC) in a dry cutting environment. Using the Desirability Analysis, the cutting force (N) and surface roughness (Ra) are considered as output responses, and three different cutting speeds (500, 710, and 1000 rpm), three different feeds (40, 60, 100 mm/min), and depth of cut (0.5, 0.75 and 1 mm). According to ANOVA results, the most effective parameters in multi-objective optimization were feed rate (60.06

The current study emphasizes the thermal performance of 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2% volume concentrated Al2O3/DI water and TiO2/DI water nanofluids flowing through three different ducts (equilateral triangle, square, and hexagonal shaped) were compared with circular tubes. The thermo-convective experiments were carried out in the turbulent regime (5000< Re <10,000) at iso-heat flux conditions. The experimental outcome reveals that the maximum Nusselt number of 78, 74, and 71 were achieved when 0.2% Al2O3/DI water flowed through hex-agonal, square, and triangular ducts, respectively. Similarly, the desired lowest friction factor of 0.03692, 0.03688, and 0.03686 was achieved by the same nanofluid through those orientations, which ensured that the Al2O3/DI water outperformed TiO2/DI water. The maximum Performance Evaluation Criteria (PEC) was 1.102 when comparing the 0.2% Al2O3/DI water nanofluid flow through a hexagonal duct with water through a circular tube, and 1.169 when the flow through the duct is compared with DI water flow through the same hexagonal duct. When evaluating the performance of all these augmented flow orientations by Entropy Per-formance Evaluation Factor (EPEF), the maximum values of 665, 572, 635, and 654 were achieved by 0.2% Al2O3/DI water and 660, 531, 561, and 628 by 0.2% TiO2/DI water while flowing through the circular tube, triangular, square, and hexagonal ducts, respectively. Correlations for Nusselt number and friction factor employable to these orientations were derived based on the dominant dependant parameters.

Improvements in the geometry of solar towers are explained in this study. Both computational and experimental studies are carried out. Three different solar towers of 1:60, 1:70, and 1:122 scale ratios are taken for the study. All the studies are carried out in an open atmosphere, where a hot wire anemometer is used to measure the peak velocity at the collector–tower junction. The collector geometry is kept flat, inclined, and semi-divergent. The tower geometry is modified from the straight tower into semi-divergent and fully divergent towers. The fully divergent tower with a semi-convergent collector achieves the highest power output among the other two models. The area convergence is the prime factor for an increase in peak velocity. The divergent tower with a semi-convergent collector achieves 54% more power output than a cylindrical tower with a flat collector.

The paper describes a study that identifies the influence of the machining parameter on the temperature and the surface roughness for the end milling of AA6082T6 under dry cutting conditions. The experiments are based on Taguchi L9 DOE and ANFIS (Adaptive Neuro-fuzzy information system) is applied to determine optimal parameters. The consequences of period boundaries on execution have been explored with the aid of an effective plot. It was obtained that speed is the dominant aspect of the TEMP influencing the boundary for shifting (parametric commitment is 91.336%), while if surface roughness exists, the speed limit is the most contributing boundary (parametric commitment is 50.174%). Besides, to understand and set up the data yield relationship, the ANFIS-based show was carried out. The experimental results, ANFIS, and the anticipated results of artificial neural network (ANN) were analyzed and finally, it was found that the anticipated results of ANFIS are correct for anticipating the reactions during the AA6082T6 milling operation.

Quality is determined by machines, materials, equipment, and lead times. The quality of aircraft materials such as aluminum and its alloys could greatly improve their applications. The difficulty of efficiently and reasonably machining certain materials limits their applicability. The purpose of this paper is to increase the quality of the vibration responses. Specifically, we examine the effects of the machining parameters on vibration (Time and Frequency domains). The end milling process is used to machine the AA6082T6 workpiece material. Speed (S), feed (F), depth of cut (DoC), and coated cutting inserts are the machining parameters. Tungsten carbide inserts (UNC), tungsten carbide inserts coated with Aluminum Chromium Nitride (AP3), and tungsten carbide inserts coated with Diamond-Like Carbon (DLC) were employed in this study. The minimum amplitude of 0.1173 g (m/s2) is seen at 710 rpm, 40 mm/min, and 0.5 mm of the DLC coated tool at a frequency of 930 Hz, according to the data. By comparing it to other cutting inserts, the DLC coated tool is given the smallest amplitude and minimum time domain. According to the findings, if the DLC coated insert is used in the machining process, the material’s surface finish will be much enhanced, and the material had good mechanical qualities.

This paper is to study the Fuzzy inference processes and develop Sugeno-type and Mamdani-type fuzzy models for the end milling process. Comparison is made between the outcomes of the two Fuzzy inference schemes (FIS). The fundamental distinction between the Sugeno-type FIS and the Mamdani-type FIS is defined in this article. It also reveals that one of the two FISs is an improved alternative for the end milling process. The Sugeno-type FIS’s findings demonstrate that it can be combined with neural networks, genetic algorithms, or other optimization methods to tailor the controller to specific users.

This research article intends to discuss on the role and effects of dispersing solution combustion derived magnesia nanoflakes (~17 nm) within the biodiesel-diesel blends and pure diesel termed as nanofuels, in order to investigate the functional and pollutant emissions of a single-cylinder, electrically loaded, water-cooled diesel engine. The fuels focussed in this study are a blend of palm oil biodiesel and regular diesel dispersed with 50 ppm magnesia nanoflakes, and a pure diesel dispersed with 50 ppm magnesia nanoflakes. These fuels are compared with regular diesel which is considered as the base reference fuel, as well as with the biodiesel-diesel blend. From the experimental measurements, we inferred that the fuel density, viscous nature, and calorific value enhanced with the addition of nanoflakes. As for the engine performance attributes, the brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) is lessened by 3.08% and 2.88% for particle dispersed biodiesel-diesel blend and particle dispersed diesel, respectively, whereas the brake thermal efficiency (BTE) enhances by 5.04% for particle dispersed biodiesel-diesel blend and 2.74% for particle dispersed diesel. With reference to emission, the unburnt hydrocarbon (UHC), white damp (CO), particulate exhaust or smoke, and the nitrogen oxides (NOx) are reduced by 9.51%, 18.71%, 13.64%, and 5.63%, respectively for particle dispersed biodiesel-diesel blend and 10.35%, 16.54%, 13.64%, 19.47%, and 4.70%, respectively for particle dispersed diesel.

A Solar Chimney Power Plant (SCPP) with a semi-convergent collector fitted with a divergent chimney is studied with the help of computer simulation and experimental methods. An analysis of an inclined collector with a divergent chimney with a test on a small-scale model was made. The simulation result shows that the chimney effect increases because of the convergent collector, with an average temperature rise of 18 K. An experiment conducted in a 2 m tall tower with a semi-convergent collector of 1.6 m diameter with collector inlet height of 0.2 m achieves a peak power output of 33 W. Experimental performance and simulation results are to be in good agreement. Developing a large scale power plant helps in achieving higher power output. It is recommended that a semi convergent collector with a divergent chimney is suitable for construction of large size SCPP.

The development in automotive industry leads to economy and comfort of the vehicles and thus forces the designers to develop new materials for the improved performance. In this work, Bronze hybrid composite with Aluminium and Silicon reinforcement for spark ignition engine piston was fabricated through vacuum stir casting process. Conventional machining techniques such as turning, drilling and boring etc., were used to manufacture the piston. Thermal analysis on the composite piston was carried out using Finite Element Software ANSYS. The mechanical properties tensile and impact strength and hardness of the composite were measured. Wear analysis on the composite material was carried out and wear rate was calculated. The results were compared with the existing material and found enhanced with bronze hybrid composites. Emission test was also carried out and found improved. Microstructure examination was carried out to study the structure of the composites.

Metal matrix composites are extensively used in aerospace, automobile and other engineering applications as an alternative to a wide range of elements. High strength–weight ratio, durability and high corrosion resistance are benefits of metal matrix composites. The study that exhibits adopts optimal cutting parameters (speed, feed and depth of cut). The initial study is to explore end milling process of alumina (AA6082 with SiC 3% and fly ash 2%) molted metal matrix composite. The technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution and fuzzy logic for optimizing the cutting parameter values has been utilized in the MMC. The response surface methodology is being used to develop the numerical model between output responses and machining parameters. The second-order regression models are studied through analysis of variance. The experimental investigation exhibits that feed rate is the important factor on response variables.

In this study, performance analysis of absorption refrigeration cycle has been carried out under variable power sources namely electrical and thermal energy sources. The triple fluid vapour absorption system was used in this work. The temperatures at each point in the cycle such as generator, absorber, evaporator and condenser have been measured. The coefficient of performance of the system was calculated and then compared. The results showed that when the cycle driven by electricity, the coefficient of performance varied from 0.28-1.6 along the test time and the generator temperature changed from 66?C to 106?C. When thermal energy used to generate power, the coefficient of performance varied between 0.16 and 0.6 under the generator temperature of 98?C and 150?C. It was observed that the waste heat energy from engine exhaust can be used efficiently and can replace the conventional power source to drive the absorption refrigeration unit.

The modern automotive vehicles with air brake system and air assisted hydraulic brake system use reciprocating air compressor with disc, reed or ring valves.Automotive compressors are run by engine itself.Well designed compressor will consume less power and deliver maximum flow of air thereby reducing the power taken from the I.C. engine.This indirectly reduces the fuel consumption of engine and thereby pollution.The mathematical model will be an effective tool in compressor design and for analysing the thermo-mechanical behaviour of compressor in working condition.This paper aims at analysing the thermo-mechanical behaviour of the air compressor used in automotive braking system using compressor model developed with the help of fundamental equations and experimental results.Experiment results are obtained from a 160 cc air cooled compressor with 80 mm bore and 32 mm stroke to validate the developed model performance.The effect of operating parameters, like, discharge pressure, compressor speed, etc., on thermodynamic and mechanical behaviour of compressor such as cylinder pressure, cylinder volume, cylinder temperature, valve lift and resultant torque at different crank angles and free air delivered and indicated power of the compressor was analysed.

Today, automobiles use the technology of vapour compression system to run the air conditioning system that is required to cool the passengers and keep them in an optimal temperature range. However the rising fuel cost and the load limit on the combustion engines prove to be disadvantages. Thermal efficiency of internal combustion (IC) engine is about 30-40% and exhaust gases carry a significant amount of heat as waste. If the heat carried away by the exhaust gases is trapped and converted into usable energy, the overall efficiency of an engine can be improved. The present work is aimed at recovering the waste heat which is used for running the automotive air conditioner working on vapour absorption refrigeration (VAR) system replacing the vapour compression system. The generator of VAR is made to work on heat carried away by engine exhaust which will improve the overall efficiency of the IC engine.

The main objective of this research was to study the properties of tungsten carbide end milling insert with and without coating. The tungsten carbide without coating (UNC), Aluminium Chromium Nitride (AP3) and Diamond like Carbon (DLC) is a coating insert is carried out in this work. The corrosion test is carried out two chemicals namely base and acid media. Base is sodium carbonate and acid is Hydrochloric acid. The weight loss method is applied in the work. Additional the microstructures were carried out using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The result shows that the DLC coated tool gives less corrosion.

The prime factor for selecting equipment is its performance capability and reliability without compromising on quality. Materials for aerospace application such as aluminum and its alloys have limited applications because of their complications in machining, effectively and economically. There is no further development in raising the effectiveness above the optimal level in cutting tool materials. The surface roughness influences the determination of the quality of the product. The present study focuses on finding optimal end milling process parameters by considering multiple performance characteristics using grey fuzzy approach. In this work, Aluminum Alloy 6082T6 (AA6082T6) is used as workpiece material which was end milled using Aluminum Chromo Nitride (AP3) coated milling insert. Three process performance parameters namely Centre Line Average Roughness (Ra), Root Mean Square Roughness (Rq) and Material Removal Rate (MRR) were optimized. The grey output is fuzzified into five membership functions and also with twenty-seven rules. Grey Fuzzy Reasoning Grade (GFRG) is developed and the optimal values were found out from the Grey relational grade. The result of the Analysis of Variances (ANOVA) shows that the maximum contribution in the depth cut is (31.785%) followed by feed (28.212%). Moreover, Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) model has been developed with the help of the same input values compared to the performance of the fuzzy logic model. With the help of detailed analysis, it has been found that the fuzzy logic based model gives more reasonable results when compared to ANFIS model.

Machining of alloy materials at high cutting speeds produces high temperatures in the cutting zone, which affects the surface quality. Thus, developing a model for estimating the cutting parameters and optimizing this model to minimize the surface roughness and cutting temperatures becomes utmost important to avoid any damage to the quality surface. This paper presents the development of new models and optimizing these models of machining parameters to minimize the surface roughness and cutting temperature in end milling process by Taguchi method with the statistical approach. Two objectives have been considered, minimum arithmetic mean roughness (Ra) and cutting temperature. Due to the complexity of this machining optimization problem, a single objective Taguchi method has been applied to resolve the problem, and the results have been analyzed.

This research work reports the effect of solidification rate on structural morphology and wear behavior of unmodified Al-7Si-3.5Cu (A380) alloy casting. Solidification rate is an important processing parameter that affects microstructural features of cast alloy, which in turn significantly influences the mechanical properties and wear behavior. It is found that morphological features of eutectic silicon and copper aluminide (CuAl2) have the substantial effect on wear characteristics of the alloy. The presence of refined eutectic silicon and CuAl2 particles in water-cooled casting remarkably reduces the Coefficient of Friction (COF).

In this work, the effect of cooling rate on the spatial variation in microstructure of hypo-eutectic Al-Si (A380) alloy casting is investigated systematically. The melt is solidified with two different cooling conditions viz. conventional air-cooling and water-cooling. The heat flux through the mold wall is considered as a critical parameter to assess the cooling rate of the castings. The structural morphology of castings is characterized using Inverted Trinocular Metallurgical Optical Microscope. Microstructural examination reveals that both eutectic silicon and CuAl2 particles of the water-cooled (high cooling rate) casting are found to be well refined, and the size of those particles appear almost uniform throughout the casting along the longitudinal direction as compared to air-cooled counterpart. Index Term— cooling rate, spatial variation, Al-Si alloy casting, heat flux, eutectic silicon, CuAl2.