The industrialization of the United States throughout the 19th century resulted in the exploitation of millions of acres of timberland across the country. Logging during that era was described by critics as “cut out and get out” because the land was usually abandoned after the merchantable timber was exhausted. Concern about future timber supplies and the effect of logging on watersheds spurred the development of professional forestry after the Civil War. The first forestry leaders, including Bernhard Fernow and Gifford Pinchot, encouraged private non-industrial forest owners to sustainably manage their woodlands and specifically warned against destructive logging practices—including “cutting the best and leaving the rest”—aka high-grading. During the 1920s and 30s both the Forest Service and SAF spurred initiatives to encourage sustainable timber harvesting practices on private forestland. Although great progress has been made in forest management, logging on most private non-industrial forest land in the east has not changed significantly since the 19th century. Landowners usually sell timber without using the services of a forester, allowing the buyer to selectively cut the most valuable trees in the woodlot. Although this can reduce future value by 70‐90

Journal Article A Forest Ethic and Multivalue Forest Management Get access Holmes Rolston III, Holmes Rolston III 1Professor, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, State University of New York, Syracuse Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar James Coufal James Coufal 2Professor, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, State University of New York, Syracuse Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Forestry, Volume 89, Issue 4, April 1991, Pages 35–40, https://doi.org/10.1093/jof/89.4.35 Published: 01 April 1991