This white paper discusses a model of best practices to better identify and address plagiarism issues with students using AI. It serves as an example to help younger institutions that may not have a policy in place to recognize the importance of hitting this head-on. By creating a taskforce, we were able to quickly come to a resolution for a university that has three campuses in Chicago, Online, and in Vancouver, BC. We also share best practices that will help current professors and core faculty alike in dealing with plagiarism from students using AI in their work. We end with a discussion of examples that support this effort.

One of the more complex things to do when becoming a new faculty is meeting the scholarship expectations of your role. A finished dissertation does not easily equate to a peer-reviewed publication later. What if we could give students the tools to embrace scholarship before graduating? This paper outlines a process for engaging online learners in research endeavors outside the course room. It also shows how this unique method can increase community and belonging among peers. The model presented here can be used for research and other community-based projects. While it is useful for faculty development, it is designed to benefit both experienced and new faculty. However, the primary purpose of this model is student development. This model is meant to give the students the skills and tools they need to become researchers on their own.

This paper provides an analysis of best practices for the design and delivery of online programming within correctional facilities, ascertained from the evaluation of a pilot course. Utilizing the case study methodology, it was observed that fully online coursework may be delivered within controlled settings. Key considerations for effective design and delivery centered around scheduling regular check-ins with administration from the University and the Correctional Center, conducting technology testing on a set cadence, incorporating synchronous components and evaluating opportunities for the inclusion of courseembedded advising to ensure engagement. Future directions include continued delivery of a Baccalaureate program, the incorporation of micro-credentials to provide targeted training in key areas of relevance and degree continuity planning to support degree completion among recently released individuals.

A great body of research demonstrates that online doctoral student needs center around motivation, community, affirmation from peers, and feedback (e.g., Akojie, Entrekin, Bacon, & Kanai, 2019; Gibson, Fields, Wladkowski, Kusmaul, Greenfield, & Mauldin, 2019; Kumar, & Coe, 2017).This study focused on the development of a Dissertation Circles Model to provide students with a forum for connecting with peers at various stages of the dissertation process with rotated supervision by long-serving dissertation chairs within the department. Future directions include expansion of the initiative to include non-clinical practicum, to support improved preparation of students by setting expectations and providing mentorship opportunities.

Social justice, the equitable distribution of resources within a community, can be nourished through structured practical experiences that align with content in educational programs. A significant body of research demonstrates the benefits of including practicum when training adult learners (Sanabria, & DeLorenzi, 2019). Further, research elucidates the need for formal social justice training, which may increase equity within our society. This paper summarizes the launch of a social justice practicum within seven non-clinical programs offered through an online campus. Facets of student experience are examined through the lens of adult learning theory. Model adjustments and future directions are also discussed.

Background The overall goal of this longitudinal study was to determine if the Black population has decreased myocardial function, which has the potential to lead to the early development of congestive heart failure, compared with the White population. Methods and Results A total of 673 subjects were evaluated over a period of 30 years including similar percentages of Black and White participants. Left ventricular systolic function was probed using the midwall fractional shortening (MFS). A longitudinal analysis of the MFS using a mixed effect growth curve model was performed. Black participants had greater body mass index, higher blood pressure readings, and greater left ventricular mass compared with White participants (all P <0.01). Black participants had a 0.54% decrease of MFS compared with White participants. As age increased by 1 year, MFS increased by 0.05%. As left ventricular mass increased by 1 g, MFS decreased by 0.01%. As circumferential end systolic stress increased by 1 unit, MFS decreased by 0.04%. The MFS trajectories for race differed from early age to young adulthood. Conclusions Changes in myocardial function mirror the race‐dependent variations in blood pressure, afterload, and cardiac mass, suggesting that myocardial function depression occurs early in childhood in populations at high cardiovascular risk such as Black participants.

Abstract Background Little is known about the varied resting heart rate (RHR) trajectory patterns from childhood to young adulthood and their clinical significance. We aim to identify RHR trajectories from childhood to young adulthood, and to determine their relationship with left ventricular mass (LVM) index. Methods RHR was measured up to 15 times over a 21-year period in 759 participants from childhood to young adulthood. LVM was measured using echocardiography and was normalised to body surface area to obtain LVM index in 546 participants. Results Using latent class models, three trajectory groups in RHR from childhood to young adulthood were identified, including high-decreasing group (HDG), moderate-decreasing group (MDG), and low-decreasing group (LDG). We found that trajectory of RHR was a significant predictor of LVM index with faster decrease of RHR associated with higher levels of total peripheral resistance (P for trend <0.001) and LVM index (P for trend <0.001). Compared to the LDG, individuals in the HDG showed higher LVM index (β = 6.08, p < 0.001). In addition, the interactions between race and RHR trajectories for LVM index was significant (p < 0.05). Conclusion Our findings show an association between RHR trajectories from childhood to young adulthood with cardiac mass, suggesting that monitoring RHR may help identify subpopulation at high cardiovascular risk.

African Americans and European Americans differ in hemodynamics underlying long-term blood pressure regulation. Over 6 yr, African Americans show total peripheral resistance-mediated increases in blood pressure compared with European Americans. Higher heart rate variability predicts lower blood pressure and total peripheral resistance 6 yr later in European Americans but not African Americans.

Purpose Elevated blood pressure is a risk factor for increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Decreased vagally-mediated heart rate variability has previously been prospectively linked with increased blood pressure; however, to date, no such prospective data exist regarding this relationship among Blacks. Materials and methods We examined this association in 387 normotensive young adults (mean age, 23 years, 52% female, 54% Black) who participated in two laboratory evaluations spanning approximately six years. Blood pressure was measured at both timepoints with a non-invasive oscillometric device and heart rate variability was assessed via bio-impedance. Results In the total sample, heart rate variability significantly predicted systolic (p = .022) and diastolic (p < .001) blood pressure increases six years into the future. However, this pattern varied as a function of ethnicity and sex with the effect of heart rate variability on Time 2 systolic blood pressure only significant among White males (p = .007). Heart rate variability was also predictive of Time 2 diastolic blood pressure in White males (p = .038) as well as among both White (p = .032) and Black (p = .015) females, but was not related to blood pressure among Black males. Conclusion We report for the first time significant ethnic and sex differences in the prospective relationship between heart rate variability and blood pressure change. These findings may give clues as to the underlying mechanisms that are involved in the well-known health disparities in blood pressure and hypertension-related cardiovascular diseases.

This paper presents an analysis of the development and implementation of a faculty evaluation model in the online campus of a midsized three-campus university. Faculty evaluation is an important practice, which can be utilized to improve student experience, ensure faculty awareness regarding expectations, and provide motivation to faculty through the provision of regular feedback. Further, data from the weighted evaluation which was designed as a part of this study can be utilized to inform administrative decisions regarding remediation and class assignments, contributing to increased fairness and an improved experience for faculty.

Aims. - Dietary sodium and potassium intakes are well-known risk factors for cardiovascular outcomes. However, the associations between dietary sodium and potassium and diabetes are still controversial. Our study aimed to examine whether dietary sodium, potassium and the sodium-potassium ratio are associated with the risk of diabetes, based on a large sample of Chinese adults.Methods. - The study data were from the 2004-2009 China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), and 5867 participants were eligible for analysis. Sodium and potassium intakes were estimated based on three consecutive 24-h recalls at an individual level combined with a food inventory at a household level performed over the same 3-day period. Diabetes was defined as fasting glucose >= 7.0 mmol/L (>= 126 mg/dL), HbA(1c) >= 6.5% or use of antidiabetic drugs.Results. - Over a mean follow-up of 4.7 years, there were 611 (10.4%) incident cases of diabetes. Participants in the higher quartiles (Q3 and Q4) of sodium intake had significantly higher risks of diabetes than those with the lowest sodium intake [Q3, RR: 1.41, 95% CI: 1.06-1.86 and Q4, RR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.02-1.80; P < 0.001 for trend]. In addition, high sodium intakes were significantly associated with levels of fasting glucose and HbA(1c) (P < 0.05 for trend), with similar associations also found with sodium-potassium ratios (P < 0.05 for trend), but not for potassium intakes.Conclusion. - This study found that higher sodium intakes and sodium-potassium ratios were significantly associated with a higher risk of diabetes. Further clinical research is now necessary to confirm these results. (C) 2019 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Objective: The Augusta Heart Study is a NIH-funded multiracial longitudinal project, started in 1985, that examines cardiovascular health of children and adolescents in the Metro Augusta area. The objective was to develop a longitudinal cohort starting in childhood that would identify precursors and underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms that contribute to preclinical manifestations of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The focus was initially on sociodemographic factors, ethnicity, physical activity and obesity. In 2002, an additional focus on stress-related mechanisms of hypertension risk was initiated. The main objective of this paper is to introduce the rich database of this longitudinal multiracial cohort to researchers interested in assessing risk factors of lifetime development of CVD. Methods: Overall, 585 youth were recruited during 1985-2002. This cohort was maintained, and new age-matching participants were added so that, by 2007, the participant pool included 300 African Americans and 307 European Americans. Results: Valuable data, including childhood and young adulthood cardiovascular phenotypes and genotypes, were collected over a thirty-year span. Data were carefully curated and a comprehensive database was created to store data in digital format. As an illustration of the valuable research potential of the database, we performed a longitudinal analysis of the left ventricular mass using a mixed effect growth curve model. Conclusions: The database allows longitudinal analysis of precursors of cardiovascular disease and their underlying mechanisms, allowing to explore beyond simple epidemiology and orienting toward translational research. This cohort may also be used to evaluate the development of other disease processes. Our analysis of the left ventricular mass points out to the early onset and rapid elevation of blood pressure and cardiac mass in African Americans compared to European Americans, and males compared to females.