Concrete deterioration is primarily caused by shrinkage, temperature changes, and reinforcement corrosion, which lead to crack formation. Continuous external loading can cause cracks to widen and form a network of cracks, enabling the infiltration of harmful gases, liquids and moisture, which weakens the strength and in turn the durability of concrete. Consequently, implementing measures to prevent degradation and to enhance the longevity by increasing durability of concrete is crucial. Continuous research efforts all around the globe have focused on enhancing concrete strength and durability using high-quality materials, additives including Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCMs), and fibers. Ceramic Tiles Powder (CTP), fly ash, silica fume, and other materials have gained attention as SCMs, with CTP showing potential due to its high silicate and aluminum oxide content. The use of Bacillus megaterium in CTPembedded concrete has scarcely been studied, prompting this research to explore its feasibility. This present research work investigates the strength and durability of M30 grade concrete with use of Bacillus megaterium at a concentration of 10⁵ cells/ml and with varying cement replacement percentages (5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) using CTP. The test results indicate about 25% improvement in compressive strength of concrete with 10% cement replacement using CTP and Bacillus megaterium of concentration 10⁵ cells/ml. Petrographic analysis showed better surface composition, while SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) images revealed increased calcite precipitation and reduced voids.

This sector represents one of India’s oldest and most widely dispersed economic activities. Most of the metal casting processes in this business used a method called sand-casting molding, which resulted in a substantial amount of sand waste. Sand dust that has been reclaimed is produced in the industry as part of the reclamation process. These take place in the cyclone separator and the bag filter. The waste produced due to the sanding process is disposed of at landfills and other disposal sites. The disposal of waste sand dust causes the poisoning of the surrounding environment. As a result, it has developed into an issue for the environment. This paper presents a complete examination of the use of industrial waste as a construction material that is ecologically acceptable. The topic of the inquiry is offered. In place of fly ash, recycled sand dust waste, also known as RSDW, was used to produce fly ash bricks (FABs). Various percentages of RSD waste are used in place of fly ash, including 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100

As the world’s population continues to grow at an alarming rate, cities are being built up at a rate that is detrimental to the environment. Sand, a natural resource, is a key ingredient of cement mortar, the most popular building material. The scarcity of fine aggregate is the primary worry as the demand for sand grows. Quarry dust is a by-product of quarrying. Quarry dust is generally 5–7

An important and long-standing sector in India is the textile industry. Its numerous operations result in an enormous quantity of liquid waste being produced. During textile wastewater treatment, sludge is generated in the effluent treatment plant (ETP). The government has designated a specific location for its waste disposal. The majority of the generated sludge is disposed of in landfills or dumped in designated locations by the government. The improper disposal of textile sludge contributes to environmental damage. As a result, the disposal of textile sludge has become a major environmental concern. An extensive overview of the literature review on the utilization of textile effluent treatment plant sludge as concrete, blocks, paver blocks and bricks is discussed. Using textile ETP sludge as a cement replacement in M30 grade rubber mould paver blocks (RMPB) is the goal of this work. As a cement replacement material, rubber mould paver blocks made from textile sludge may be used at a weight percentage of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40

After the bid wins and the contractors receive the notice to continue or a letter of commencement, the job-site layout is routinely established and designed for construction project delivery. Temporary offices, sanitary facilities, worker rest spaces, crane sites, storage and workshop areas, access points and access roads, utilities, and other key characteristics are all considered while planning the layout of the job site. These worksite design decisions have an impact on the site's operational capabilities and, through productivity, have a direct impact on cost and schedule. This study will look at several worksite layout design and optimization methodologies that have been used in practice and proposed through research. The influence on worksite productivity and contract delivery is examined and evaluated using the factors and variables considered in the identified methodologies. Through a survey of working professionals in India important elements for job-site layout are investigated further. The results of the survey are reported, analyzed, and discussed in connection to the factors, and essential parameters identified, as well as their impact on job-site performance and contract success. A discussion of potential directions for job-site perks concludes the study.

The waste and by-products of today’s industries are used as supplemental cementitious materials for cement concrete and serve to strengthen portions made of reinforced concrete. Concrete has advanced to new levels because of its continued development to meet the demanding requirements of the construction industry. The sludge that is produced by the paper industry is referred to as hypo sludge. It has been shown that trash is superior to conventional construction materials. It is possible to make the case that it is an opportunity for growth. To meet the challenge, all domains will need to collaborate and make concentrated efforts to adopt the categorization of waste into co-products. Only then we will be able to rise to the occasion. This research explores how 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40

Concrete is an enormously used building-material in the construction industry all over the world. It tends to crack because it has low tensile strength. Cracking in concrete will uncover the steel bars and it lowers the quality of concrete and embedded steel bars. This paper presents the results of tests performed to examine the influence of different concentrations of Bacillus megaterium-10086 (MTCC) bacteria on the strength and permeability of M30 and M70 grade concrete. The concentrations of three distinctive cells of microorganisms were used to make eight series of concrete mixes. Compressive strength, tensile strength, and water permeability tests were conducted in accordance with Indian Standard codes. Experimental results revealed that the incorporation of B. megaterium in concrete improved the strength and reduced the permeability of concrete.

One concern that may develop is that the construction business has fallen behind other industries due to the proliferation of the Internet of Things (IoT) networks. Therefore, the construction sector should immediately begin using IoT technologies to ensure building projects’ swift and efficient completion. The best option for meeting the urgent demands of growing nations like India in terms of infrastructure and building is to use IoT technologies to increase productivity on the job. To determine whether or not IoT applications can be successfully implemented at various stages of a construction project’s life cycle, it is necessary to conduct a critical literature evaluation of several scholarly articles and theses. The primary purpose of this article is to use a well-crafted questionnaire survey to examine the viability of the IoT in the construction business, namely in the Vadodara and Anand areas of central Gujarat. After a survey, the nominal analysis will determine the order of most-used IoT apps in the business world. This article ranks the three most and least widely used IoT applications in the construction sector, focusing on the region where the study was done.

In today’s business world, firms are using analytics to diving deeper into their data to improve productivity, acquire a competitive edge, and boost their bottom lines. That is why businesses are eager to integrate machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) because they want a faster, more accurate result. In addition, machine learning and artificial intelligence improved productivity by reducing repetitive tasks. As a result, nearly every sector in the world intends to use artificial intelligence and ML. Artificial intelligence and ML have various roles in business, ranging from enhancing employee and customer interactions to discovering patterns in massive amounts of data to automating monotonous activities. The goal is to seize the opportunity that artificial intelligence provides in employee success and productivity. Implementing artificial intelligence and machine learning may be a vital tool for any company seeking quantitative help in their decision-making since it can analyze vast quantities of data and spit forth trend directions and actionable suggestions. AI helps employees and businesses to set and achieve better goals results. This paper highlights the impact of using artificial intelligence and ML to enhance employee behaviour and work outcome. This research also provides insights into artificial intelligence, which will usher in a new era in industry.

Mineral wealth is declining over the globe, but waste generation from many industries is increasing. As a consequence, the researchers started exploring alternative minerals that might be used instead of sand. Researchers revealed that silica-containing materials such as stone dust, copper slag, coal fly ash, carbonate sand, and others might be used to replace sand. The feasibility of employing copper slag as a fine aggregate alternative was investigated in this article. Copper slag is a by-product of the flotation and filtration processes used to extract copper from ore with high concentrations of copper. With an annual production of roughly 2.5 million tonnes, the total quantity of fine copper slag produced is currently above three million metric tonnes (MT). Copper slag (CS) is a sulfur-free waste product from copper roasting. It was found that the use of CS as a fine aggregate (60 percent) to replace fine aggregates in road construction was investigated. The use of fine copper slag in the building of embankment/subgrade fill would surely add value by minimizing waste accumulation on fertile land on the one hand and resource mining on the other. The current study focuses on specific gravity, an important property of any construction material, and a need for the design process. The material's Grain Size Distribution is also investigated to determine the particle size distribution. The quantity of Copper Slag that should be used to replace the fine aggregates is established via a trial and error procedure. Finally, the viability of the material proposed to be used in the subgrade layer, i.e., Copper Slag, is checked by analysis pertaining to the cost aspect of the roadway.

The real estate sector is extremely important in the Indian economy, contributing approximately 6-8% of GDP and projected about 13% by 2025. The Indian real estate market is forecast to reach $1 trillion by 2030, making it the world's third biggest. The Indian real estate industry faces significant growth opportunities, as well as obstacles, such as waste production, a shortage of skilled labour, excessive time, excessive costs, and poor productivity, to name a few. Lean construction differs from conventional building management in at least two ways. One of the main areas of focus is waste and waste reduction. As a result, in addition to focusing on waste, lean construction also optimizes flow management. The aim of lean practices at Indian construction sites is to reduce waste and identify the root causes of waste in order to improve productivity and production of construction enterprises.

Concrete offers several benefits over steel, including availability, affordability, viscosity, compressive strength, and manufacturing simplicity. However, one notable drawback is that concrete has a lower ten -sile strength, which causes microcracks when subjected to persistent pressure and harsh weather condi-tions. The service life of a structure is mostly determined by its concrete strength; in other words, moderate environmental conditions may strengthen it, while severe environmental conditions may weaken it. The degradation of concrete materials is also induced by bio-corrosion produced by microor-ganisms that generate sulphuric acid to make sulphate. The source of durability and repair system issues is a lack of concrete supply. Bacterial uses in concrete rehabilitation, pore-clogging, and cracking have all been investigated. Bacillus species are tiny creatures that are gram-positive, spore-forming, oxygen -dependent, and have dormant, thick-walled cells. They may live for up to 200 years as spore-forming bac-teria. According to an experimental investigation, the compressive strength of concrete is improved by using ceramic tile waste powder-based bacterial concrete. Bacillus megaterium is used in this experi-ment. This research looked at various concrete tests, including compressive strength, split tensile strength, and workability.Copyright (c) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the International Confer-ence Additive Manufacturing and Advanced Materials-AM2 2021.

Printed circuit board (PCB) waste is becoming a major environmental and human health concern. PCB trash disposal is becoming a significant issue. In the building industry, there is the possibility to use new technology to recycle huge quantities of printed circuit board waste material. The civil engineer is compelled to look for a cheaper aggregate source since the extra expense has increased. Minimize electronic trash on the planet and the material used in building by implementing printed circuit boards. PCB waste concrete’s compressive and flexural strengths will be examined in this study. The concrete’s compressive and flexural properties were conducted using a printed circuit board as a coarse aggregate substitute. When using a water-cement ratio of 0.50 for M30 concrete, certain common cubes lose between 5 and 25 percent of aggregate. Seven and 28-day tests are used to see how PCB waste material impacts concrete cubes and beams’ compressive and flexural strengths. The association between the PCB waste concrete and the regression analysis is determined. The most precise regression model is obtained utilizing several regression equations, such as multiple regression equations.

The correct decision of building materials assumes a pivotal part once arranging a structure to fall among the meanings of sustainable development. One in everything about premier normally utilized development materials is concrete. [1] Concrete is the most utilized material inside world with solid applications and expanding requests. Regardless of critical progression in concrete and cementitious materials in the course of the most recent hundreds of years, framework inbuilt the current world with these materials, similar to dams, roads, bridges, tunnels, and buildings need intensive repair and maintenance throughout its life because the brittleness of concrete rises with the increase in strength. The strain capability of typical concrete is 0.1% creating it unbendable and brittle. [23] The brittle nature of concrete may be a major explanation for failure beneath strain. Cement primarily based strain hardening ductile building material composite is termed designed cementitious composite (ECC) or flexible concrete. The strain capability of ECC varies from 3 to 8% and acts as a ductile material.[2] This paper is an attempt to outline bendable concrete, advantages, and downsides of bendable concrete and applications by literature review.

The safety of workers in the building environment is essential. Image and video monitoring for the detection of hard-hat is a new and innovative solution to this safety problem. For hard-hat detection and safety concern at construction sites, object detection algorithm You Only Look Once (YOLOv4) is used. A neural network is made up of input, minimum one hidden and output layer. Object dataset, which made up of classes of hard-hat, head and person captured in colored and in monochrome images. The dataset is made with varying light condition. YOLOv4 model is implemented for hard-hat detection in image and video. Acquired output shows that the algorithm successfully found the hard-hat with an approximate precision of 99% for images and 98% for videos.

The construction industry is dynamic in nature because it involves a wide number of stakeholders, such as consumers, manufacturers, consultants, regulators and others. Construction projects suffer from many challenges and complex performance issues, such as low coordination, job delays, changes in goals. Study on the contrast of conventional and modern methodologies for project management in construction projects. Introduction of Agile project management approach as modern project management methodology and its framework effects on construction project performance. With the use of Agile software development tools comparison of individuals experts and team solutions will be analyzed and evaluate optimum solutions and their comparison with traditional project management tools. In traditional project management, validation of the results has been done through survey of the experienced experts. However, as agile software development tools Jira and Trello software would be used for managing project. Analysis of the research will compare traditional and agile project management tools and suggest the project management team an optimum solution of any problem occur at construction project.

In the Indian economy, the real estate industry is of significant importance as it contributes between 6-8% to the Indian gross domestic product (GDP). Indian real estate building has fantastic growth prospects. Some Challenges such as Waste generation, Lack of skilled labour, Time overrun, Cost Overrun, Low Productivity etc. Average cost of waste as Proportion of cost of the project, excluding the cost of Performance varied from 5.38% to 14.70%.for Waste reduction and improve the productivity construction companies have started improvement through Lean Construction. It is essential to recognize waste and its related root causes at Indian construction sites in order to adopt lean principles, in which a major focus is on waste minimization. To evaluate the goals and functionalities of each LC instrument, a systematic literature review will be carried out. The functionality of lean software must be consistent with the accompanying procedures in order to effectively implement LC. The work presented would assist construction project management in making informed decisions on construction sites to schedule, handle, and monitor work activities related to equipment.

Today, because of globalization, there have been a number of improvements in the construction of modern technology worldwide, as a result of the quick and reliable distribution of new and emerging technologies through societies worldwide and the cross-border information sharing. Shaping which helps to mount the concrete in the desired shape It is a critical component of the construction to support the loads placed on it, as well as supporting moist cement until it sets. Formwork is a significant building function that accounts for 20–25 percent of overall construction costs. As a result of using the more recent formwork techniques, it is possible to cast larger components quicker than normal, reducing the need for time and labour when opposed to traditional methods. This paper conducts a comparative analysis between current formwork technologies and recently evolving formwork systems such as aluminum formwork and jump formwork systems, which are not widely used in India, and thus suggests which approach is best for the project under consideration. To gain a better understanding of this topic, various construction projects using newly emerging formwork techniques are analyzed, and the data obtained from these projects is used to compare newly emerging formwork with traditional formwork systems.

Construction Projects are becoming highly-risky and complex due to cost management. This results in a pause or incomplet ion, or some other problems of that kind. In most designs, the conventional approach is primarily in vogue in the Indian building ind ustry. It would be helpfu l to define key performance drivers to devise successful methods for minimi zing build ing project costs. The construction industry is an important part of the infrastructure of India and a significant contributor to economic and socia l growth. It is the second largest industry and it is a very dynamic market. Cost management is the process used to control the cost of the project while maintain ing the scope of all the deliverab les. Therefore the cost management process (CMP) is important to cont rol the expenditure at every stage of a pro ject from its inception through its developmen t, design, execution, final payment and closure of a pro ject. This paper is focus on to recognize important factors leading to the cost overrun in the process of cost management. In addition, numerous specialists such as project managers, advisors and cont ractors were d irect ly consulted to obtain functional concerns via a survey questionnaire. The replies have been clustered and appropriate methodologies have been formulated to address the problems that are appropriate for our Indian scenario.