De Estable-Puig, Rosita F., Juan F. Estable-Puig, M. R. ven Murthy, Simone Radouco-Thomas, Swarn Chawla, Monelly Radouco-Thomas and Corneille Radouco-Thomas: On the pathogenesis and therapy of dementia of the Alzheimer types Some neuropathological, biochemical, genetic and pharmacotherapeutic considerations. Prog. Neuro-Psychopharmacol. & Biol. Psychiat. 1986 10 (3–5): 355–390. 1.1. The extensive literature on dementia of Alzheimer type (DAT) testifies to the enormous progress achieved in the clinical and biochemical delineation of this disease. Newly developed laboratory and imaging techniques are also being applied to the diagnosis of DAT. Nevertheless, unequivoval diagnosis still relies primarily on morphological data from biopsy or autopsy.2.2. An overview is presented of major morphological changes occurring at different levels of organization in the central nervous system (CNS) in DAT.3.3. Currently formulated etiopathogenic hypotheses of DAT are reviewed and discussed in the context of morphological alterations.4.4. Some of the recombinant DNA methods, that are currently available for gene analysis, are described. Some approaches for studying Alzheimer specific genes using the above methods have been suggested.5.5. Finally, a critical overview of the current pharmacotherapeutic armamentarium used in DAT and senile dementia is presented. The efficacy, side effects, and the main mechanisms of action of the two categories of drug therapy —supposed etiopathogenic and symptomatic— are presented.

Effects of a single high dose of X-rays on the adult rat olfactory bulb have been studied by electron microscopy.

The unilateral section of the olfactory peduncle was made in adult albino rats in order to produce axonal and terminal degeneration of the whole system of centrifugal projections. This experiment was carried out with a double purpose. First, to tipify the different structural modes of axonal and terminal degeneration in a correlative light and electron microscopy study. Second, to study the distribution of these central projections to the bulb. The animals were sacrificed by fixation-perfusion 4 to 7 days post-operation and samples of olfactory bulbs were processed as routinely for electron microscopy observation. Thick sections stained with paraphenylenediamine (PPDA)(1) were utilized for phase observation.

The granular layer of the cerebellar cortex situated between the molecular and medullary layers is built up mainly of the perikarya of small interneurons, the granule cells intermingled with part of their own processes, mossy fiber terminals, fibers of passage and other less numerous intrinsic cells. Ultrastructurally they are characterized by a nucleus which occupies most of the cell body and a rim of cytoplasm. The nucleus exhibits some aggregates of chromatin and in some cells a nucleolus. In the cytoplasm very scarce organelles are observed (Fig.l). Their main synaptic connections are found, first, at the cerebellar glomerulus where granule dendrites are seen in postsynaptic position towards mossy fiber rosettes. Desmosomic attachments are observed between granule dendrites. Second, at the level of the molecular layer where parallel fiber terminals (ramifications of the peripheral axon ) are seen apposing Purkinje dendrite spines.

Journal Article Technical Note Paraphenylenediamine Staining of Osmium-Fixed, Plastic-Embedded Tissue for Light and Phase Microscopy Get access Juan F. Estable-Puig, M.D., Juan F. Estable-Puig, M.D. Washington, D. C. ‡UCP Fellow on leave of absence from Facultad de Medicina, Montevideo, Uruguay; Present Address: Experimental Pathology Branch, Ames Research Center, NASA, Moffett Field, California. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Walter C. Bauer, Capt., M.C., USA., Walter C. Bauer, Capt., M.C., USA. Washington, D. C. §Present Address is Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. M. Blumberg, Brig., Gen., M.C., USA. J. M. Blumberg, Brig., Gen., M.C., USA. Washington, D. C. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology, Volume 24, Issue 3, July 1965, Pages 531–535, https://doi.org/10.1097/00005072-196507000-00012 Published: 01 July 1965

This study was concerned, on the one hand, with the effects of 48-Mev alphaparticle radiation, at a 6000 rad surface dose and a 30000 rad peak dose, on nerve fibers of the cerebral and cerebellar cortex and, on the other hand, with subsequent nerve-fiber regeneration.