To address the issue of secondary contamination caused by the lack of antibacterial properties in polypropylene (PP) meltblown nonwoven fabrics while preserving its core filtration performance, this work employed an immersion-ultrasonic method to construct Ag@T-ZIF-8 antibacterial materials with a core-shell structure. Subsequently, PP/Ag@T-ZIF-8-G composite meltblown fibers was prepared via covalent modification and meltblown spinning technology. The systematic characterization of Ag@T-ZIF-8 was conducted in terms of its chemical structure, microstructure, and photocatalytic antibacterial performance. The effects of Ag@T-ZIF-8 on the antibacterial, filtration and comfort properties of the composite melt-blown nonwoven fabrics were investigated, and the enhancement mechanisms of antibacterial and filtration were revealed. The results indicate that Ag@TZIF-8 exhibits a uniform core-shell structure with a particle size of 40 similar to 50 nm and a specific surface area of 531.83 m(2)/g. At an antibacterial concentration of 200 mg/L, it achieves a 99.99% antibacterial rate against Escherichia coli(E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) within 8 min in the dark or 4 min under illumination. Compared with PP meltblown nonwoven fabrics, it demonstrates 73.31% in filtration efficiency for particles with a pressure drop of only 37.3 Pa. When Ag@T-ZIF-8 loading reaches 1 wt%, the composite meltblown fabrics completely eliminates E. coliand S. aureus after 160 min of illumination or 240 min in the dark. This outstanding comprehensive filtration performance stems from a synergistic filtration mechanism combining mechanical filtration, ionic adsorption, and dual-mode antibacterial action under light or dark condition. Integrating superior filtration capabilities, broad-spectrum antibacterial properties, and wear comfort, PP/Ag@TZIF-8-G meltblown nonwoven fabrics deliver a highly efficient integrated antibacterial-filtration solution for the medical protective field.

Photocatalytic CO2 reduction holds great promise for carbon recycling, yet conventional powder photocatalysts are limited by narrow light response range, high carrier recombination rate, and poor recyclability. Herein, a synergistic optimization strategy combining heterojunction construction and porous support engineering was proposed to tackle these challenges. SnO2@ZnO-CN heterojunction was synthesized via mechanical grinding and calcination, and further immobilized into porous PMMA/ZnCl2@SnO2/ZnO-CN fibers membrane through electrospinning with water-induced phase separation. The Type-II band matching between SnO2 and ZnO-CN extends light response to the visible region and enhances carrier separation efficiency. The optimized powder catalyst achieves CO and C2H6 production rates of 45.72 and 9.16 μmol·g−1·h−1 with 75% CO selectivity, maintaining over 95% activity after 4 cycles. The porous fiber membrane reaches a total yield of 56.46 μmol·g−1·h−1 for CO2 reduction with 3.42-fold than dense fibers, keeping ≤4% activity decay after 4 cycles and eliminating powder loss. This work provides an eco-friendly solution for the engineering application of photocatalytic CO2 reduction.

To achieve high-value utilization of seed-type hemp bast fiber, this study investigated the dissolution and rheological behavior of degummed hemp bast fiber in a LiCl/DMAc solvent system, as well as the effects of coagulation bath temperature and water bath draw ratio on the structure and properties of regenerated cellulose filaments prepared via pilot-scale wet spinning. Within the investigated process window, the optimal cellulose concentration for spinning was identified at 3.5%, at which the spinning solution exhibited a moderate structural viscosity index (Δη) with good flowability and spinnability. When coagulated at 35 ℃, the fiber crystallinity index reached 59.63%, and the dry tensile strength increased to 3.53 cN/dtex, representing a 16.5% improvement compared with fibers prepared at 20 ℃. At a water bath draw ratio of 1.5, the sonic velocity orientation factor exceeded 0.95, and the dry tensile strength increased to 2.59 cN/dtex, which was 24.5% higher than that of the undrawn fibers. The results indicate that coagulation bath temperature primarily affects fiber crystallinity through thermodynamic processes, whereas drawing mainly promotes molecular chain orientation via kinetic processes, accompanied by a partial reduction in crystallinity. This study demonstrates the feasibility of preparing regenerated cellulose filaments from seed-type hemp bast fiber under controlled laboratory and pilot-scale conditions, and offers insights into filament formation and structural control.

In this paper, a new green solvent system TEAH/EDA/H_2 O is used to study the dissolution behavior of microcrystalline cellulose. Through FT-IR, XRD, TG, DSC and other characterization methods and molecular dynamics simulation experiments, the results show that this solvent system has excellent solubility for cellulose at low concentrations. When the concentration of the solvent system is 18.75 wt OH^- , H_2 O, TEA^+ and cellulose chains to regulate the hydrophilicity of cellulose, thereby achieving efficient dissolution of cellulose in TEAH/EDA/H_2 O solvents.

In this study, tetraethylammonium hydroxide solution and imidazole compounds (1-methylimidazole, 1-ethylimidazole, 1-propylimidazole) were used to develop a new green solvent system with high solubility, wide solubility range and fast dissolution rate. This system dissolved up to 18 wt% microcrystalline cellulose (DP = 171), and the solubility reached 15 wt% even at room temperature. At the same time, this solvent system exhibited strong solubility for cellulose with different degrees of polymerization, and dissolved 16 wt% cotton pulp cellulose (DP = 527) and 14 wt% hemp cellulose (DP = 2146), with significantly improved solubility. The dissolution behavior of cellulose in a quaternary ammonium/imidazole solvent system was studied using XRD, FT-IR, TG, NMR and other characterization techniques. The results showed that imidazole compounds reduced the crystallinity of cellulose, weakened the inter-sheet bonding and van der Waals force of cellulose without destroying hydrogen bonds, and promoted the encapsulation of water molecules and quaternary ammonium cations, making the OH- dispersion more uniform, thereby improving the ability of quaternary ammonium solution to dissolve cellulose. In the non-derivative quaternary ammonium base/imidazole compounded solvent system, there was no chemical reaction between the solvents, and the cellulose structure did not change before and after dissolution. This system did not significantly degrade cellulose with a low degree of polymerization. However, since high temperature conditions were required for dissolution, the DP of cellulose with a higher DP decreases significantly.

In this study, a hybrid microsphere structure with a polyhexamethyleneguanidine hydrochloride (PHMG) core and a nano-zinc oxide (Nano-ZnO) antibacterial additive shell was designed through the reaction extrusion in polypropylene (PP). The realization of this structure enabled the successful resolution of the agglomeration problem of Nano-ZnO and achieved a synergistic antibacterial effect between Nano-ZnO and PHMG. Special attention was paid to the interaction between Nano-ZnO and PHMG through the organic-inorganic hybridization. In addition, the nonwoven materials with different Nano-ZnO and PHMG contents were prepared via a melt-blown technique in PP, and their antibacterial properties were evaluated as well. Based on the findings, the synergistic antimicrobial mechanism of Nano-ZnO/PHMG structures was established. The results showed that the addition of 2% Nano-ZnO and 1% PHMG in PP (PP/2%ZnO/1%PHMG) allowed for the production of a melt-blown nonwoven material with an antibacterial efficiency of 99.99% against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Besides that, the material exhibited the outstanding performance and durability (the breaking strength of 2.43 N, the air permeability of 537 mm/s, the filtration efficiency of 97.25%, and the filtration resistance of 28.38 Pa).

The challenge of separating and recycling high-performance photocatalysts often results in resource wastage and secondary environmental contamination. Therefore, the advancement of recyclable photocatalysts has emerged as a frontier area of interest in the domain of photocatalytic CO2 reduction. In this work, T-ZIF-8/SnO2@PANPVP fibrous membranes were constructed with T-ZIF-8/SnO2 as a photocatalyst, polyacrylonitrile (PAN) as a matrix, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a porogen utilizing electrospinning technique. By regulating the variable parameters, the effects of spinning solution concentration, conductive salt dosage, porogenic agent dosage and their effects on fiber microscopic morphology were investigated, and the process parameters were optimized to obtain the best microscopic morphology, and then the photocatalytic porous fibers were obtained through the water impregnation treatment. A comparative analysis of the CO2 reduction capability of photocatalytic powders, fibers, and porous fibers was performed, alongside an exploration of the potential reaction mechanism. The results indicate that the T-ZIF-8/SnO2@PAN-PVP porous fiber membrane irradiated by visible light for 4 h demonstrates excellent CO2 reduction efficiency, achieving CO, CH4, and H2 production rates of 14.3, 7.09, and 8.57 mu mol center dot g- 1 center dot h- 1, respectively. Durability tests through repetitive experiments have validated that the T-ZIF-8/ SnO2@PAN/ZnCl2 porous fiber membrane retains over 90 % of its initial photocatalytic activity after four cycles, thereby facilitating the sustainable recycling and reuse of photocatalysts.

A large amount of wastewater with a high dye content is discharged from the textile printing and dyeing industry. Synthetic dyes, which are essentially exogenous chemicals, predominantly exhibit the property of poor biodegradability. Consequently, they are capable of persisting stably within the environment over protracted time spans. The high-chroma dye wastewater not only results in severe water pollution but also breaks ecological balance, thereby rendering it a pivotal and formidable facet in the realm of industrial wastewater treatment. Consequently, the treatment of printing and dyeing wastewater prior to its discharge is of utmost necessity. This article offers a relatively comprehensive exposition of the treatment methods for dye wastewater, with a specific focus on the adsorption method, the photocatalysis method, and their respective characteristics. Nano-TiO 2 @adsorbent composites, which integrate the advantages of adsorption and photocatalysis, have been widely studied for the treatment of dye wastewater. This paper provides a broad overview of the classifications, the adsorption-photocatalytic mechanism, and influencing factors of nano-TiO 2 @adsorbent composites. Nano-TiO 2 @adsorbent composites integrate the processes of adsorption, catalysis, and degradation, thereby significantly improving the efficiency of photocatalytic degradation for organic pollutants by titanium dioxide catalysts. Furthermore, the suggestion for the research and development of photocatalyst @textile composite materials for dye wastewater treatment is put forward in this article.

The excessive consumption of fossil fuels has led to a surge in atmospheric CO2 emission, urgently requiring the development of efficient photocatalytic materials to achieve CO2 conversion and recycling. Zinc sulfide (ZnS) has attracted significant attention in photocatalytic CO2 reduction due to its high chemical stability and relatively negative CB potential. However, its light absorption is confined to the ultraviolet region and it suffer from a high carrier recombination rates; Similarly, the wide bandgap of ZIF-8 restricts the utilization of visible light, and single-component modification strategies often fail to synergistically enhance both light absorption and charge separation efficiency. In this work, a self-defective T-ZIF-8 rich in coordinatively unsaturated Zn2+ was constructed via thermo-oxygen sensitization treatment, followed by in-situ sulfidation to generate ZnS, thereby establishing a T-ZIF-8/ZnS heterojunction with strong interfacial S-Zn-N bonding. The T-ZIF-8/ZnS-30 retains hierarchical porous structure while extending light absorption range to the near-infrared region. Under simulated sunlight, T-ZIF-8/ZnS-30 exhibits superior CO2 reduction performance, achieving CO and CH4 production rates of 76.98 mu mol g(-1) h(-1) and 53.72 mu mol g(-1) h(-1), respectively. Remarkably, the composites demonstrates exceptional stability, with an activity retention of >96 % even after 8 consecutive cycles. This study overcomes the long-standing technical bottlenecks of narrow spectral response and rapid carrier recombination through a synergistic strategy integrating defect engineering with heterojunction interface optimization, thereby providing a new strategy for designing high-performance photocatalytic materials.

The protease method of wool shrink-proofing finishing is challenging to apply industrially due to its low efficiency and prolonged treatment time. In this study, the activator P[(CH2)nOH]3, n is an element of(1, 10) and protease Savinase 16 L were combined and used in the same bath to rapidly degrade wool scales to achieve the target of machine washable for wool. The activator significantly improved the degradation efficiency of 16 L on wool's high-sulfur scale tissue, reducing the wool shrink-proofing treatment time to 100 s. The treated wool samples' area shrinkage, strength, elasticity, length, fineness, and directional friction effect were evaluated. The results showed that the activator combined with Savinase 16 L could rapidly hydrolyze wool fiber scales, and the wool area shrinkage was 1.65 % without excessive damage to the original properties of wool fibers. Furthermore, the reaction mechanism of wool scale degradation by protease and the activator was confirmed by Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results showed that the activator worked by activating the wool high-sulfur scale layer, thereby increasing the efficiency of the protease degradation of wool. It had no activating effect on the protease molecule. The activator opens the disulfide bonds on the wool scales while transforming the beta-thinning and beta-rotation in the scales to alpha-helix or random curling. It could promote protease adsorption and reaction on wool. Under pH 8.0 and 50 degrees C, 2 g/L of activator could increase the adsorption of 16 L on wool by 12.7 times and increase the hydrolysis activity of 16 L on wool by 1575 times. After treatment with this technology, the content of-NH2,-COOH, and-SOx on the surface of wool was increased. Furthermore, a continuous multiple-padding wool shrink-proofing production line was designed, including a treatment liquid circulation and heat preservation systems. Stable industrial production applications were realized.

The high-value transformation of cellulose-based waste cotton fabrics holds great significance for resolving the dilemmas faced by the textile industry. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), emerging as novel high-value nanomaterials, possess substantial potential in reinforcement applications. This study aimed to explore two aspects: the production of CNCs from waste cotton fabrics and the reinforcement effect of CNCs in PVA composite films. The maximum yield of CNCs, reaching 88.3

Rare-earth inorganic phosphors have attracted much attention owing to long lifetime, narrow emission, and high efficiency, but their applications are limited in its poor dispersion in polymers. Focusing on the problem, organic/inorganic bonded phosphors PMMA-VTES@Ba3ScB3O9:0.05Eu3+ was prepared with the VTES(vinyl triethoxysilane)@Ba3ScB3O9:0.05Eu3+ inorganic fluorescent monomers and methyl methacrylate (MMA) employing free radical polymerization, and then large-area fiber membrane was constructed using electrospinning technology. Chemical structure analysis confirms that the copolymerization of VTES@Ba3ScB3O9:0.05Eu3+ and MMA. The thermal stability of the polymer phosphors after fibrosis has been investigated in theory. The fluorescent fibers with good spinnability and luminescent properties were preferred through modulation of polymer solution properties such as the relative molecular weight of the polymer, the concentration of the spinning solution, and the conductive salt. The fluorescent fiber non-woven fabric with LOGO is prepared by screen printing with the optimal fiber film. The LOGO undergoes a transformation from a concealed pattern under natural light to a vibrant red light pattern when exposed to 254 nm ultraviolet light, imparting a specific anti-counterfeiting feature.

This study reveals an efficient method for the production of 5-HMF in ChCl-based DESs using boric acid and metal chlorides, explores the reaction mechanism, and compares different deep eutectic solvent systems.

The two surfaces with structural and hydrophobic differences are crucial for improving the overall membrane performance in membrane distillation (MD). In this work electrospun hydrophilic cellulose triacetate (CTA) nanofiber membrane as the support layer compounded with polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) liquid film followed by a nonsolvent induced phase separation process to prepare CTA-PVDF composite membranes. By changing the composition ratio of water and ethanol in coagulation bath, the structure and properties of hydrophobic PVDF functional layer can be regulated. The results proved that the composite process did not change the chemical structure of the polymer, but improved the comprehensive performance and structural stability. Morphology analysis showed that the support layer and functional layer formed a stable adhesion through swelling and other cross interpenetrating structures. The composition of the coagulation bath had a direct impact on the phase separation process and membrane structure. Within a certain range, the roughness and water contact angle (124 degrees-135 degrees) of the PVDF functional layer increase with the increase of ethanol content. The optimized CTAPVDF-III showed the best separation efficiency (salt rejection of 99.6%, water flux of 19.42 kg m- 2 h- 1), and is expected to become a composite membrane for high-performance asymmetric MD structures.

Great progress has been made in the methanol to aromatics (MTA) reaction over ZSM-5 zeolite, the location of Al atoms in ZSM-5 framework is very important for understanding the relationship among structure and activity of catalytic reaction system. In this paper, a series of ZSM-5 zeolites with different acid distribution and Al sites were prepared by changing the tetrapropyl ammonium hydroxide (TPAOH) content in the synthetic gel. When the ratio of TPA+/Si increased to 0.4,the results showed that the quantity of Al sites at the channel intersections reach a maximum.This leads to variations in acidity and distribution, and lead to the selectivity of BTX increased from 17.74 to 22.52

With the inherent demand for hydrophobic materials in processes such as membrane distillation and unidirectional moisture conduction, the preparation and application development of profiles such as modified cellulose acetate membranes that have both hydrophobic functions and biological properties have become a research hotspot. Compared with the petrochemical polymer materials used in conventional hydrophobic membrane preparation, cellulose acetate, as the most important cellulose derivative, exhibits many advantages, such as a high natural abundance, good film forming, and easy modification and biodegradability, and it is a promising polymer raw material for environmental purification. This paper focuses on the research progress of the hydrophobic cellulose acetate preparation process and its current application in the water-treatment and resource-utilization fields. It provides a detailed introduction and comparison of the technical characteristics, existing problems, and development trends of micro- and nanostructure and chemical functional surface construction in the hydrophobic modification of cellulose acetate. Further review was conducted and elaborated on the applications of hydrophobic cellulose acetate membranes and other profiles in oil–water separation, brine desalination, water-repellent protective materials, and other separation/filtration fields. Based on the analysis of the technological and performance advantages of profile products such as hydrophobic cellulose acetate membranes, it is noted that key issues need to be addressed and urgently resolved for the further development of hydrophobic cellulose acetate membranes. This will provide a reference basis for the expansion and application of high-performance cellulose acetate membrane products in the environmental field.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a rapidly growing discipline that is expected to become an encouraging noninvasive therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. In the PDT process, an efficient intersystem crossing (ISC) process for photosensitizers from the singlet excited state (S1) to the triplet excited state (T1) is critical for the formation of cytotoxic reactive oxygen species and improvement of PDT performance. Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) molecules featuring an extremely small singlet-triplet energy gap and an efficient ISC process represent an enormous breakthrough for the PDT process. Consequently, the development of advanced TADF photosensitizers has become increasingly crucial and pressing. The most recent developments in TADF photosensitizers aimed at enhancing PDT efficiency for bio-applications are presented in this review. TADF photosensitizers with water dispersibility, targeting ability, activatable ability, and two-photon excitation properties are highlighted. Furthermore, the future challenges and perspectives of TADF photosensitizers in PDT are proposed.

Aiming at the problems of heavy environmental pollution, high energy consumption, and process complexity for current degumming techniques, three types of deep eutectic solvent (DES) systems as eco-friendly sustainable solutions including choline chloride/urea (CU), ethylenediamine hydrochloride/ethylene glycol (EE) and choline chloride/imidazole (CI) were prepared and applied to the degumming of seed hemp. It was clearly showed that all three DES systems exhibit excellent degumming efficiency on seed hemp to remove noncellulosic components involving in pectin, hemicellulose, and lignin in amorphous region without damage to the structure and crystalline morphology of cellulose, leading to an increase of cellulose portion from 54% to about 80%. CI with the molar ratio of 3:8 at 175 degrees C for 2.5 h give the best removal performance for hemicellulose and pectin while EE with molar ratio of 1:2 at 175 degrees C for 3 h can remove lignin with highest efficiency. However, CU with the lowest cost reveals a balanced removal of three noncellulosic components, which may be the optimal choice for industrial production. Furthermore, density functional theory analysis disclosed the essential information of configuration stability for three DES systems.

Much attention has been paid to compound a ZIF-8 antibacterial agent with textiles for recycling. However, antibacterial inactivation may be caused by dissolution of the ZIF-8 antibacterial agent in postfinishing technology. In this work, a nondissolution-bonded T-ZIF-8-PEG-TPU photocatalyst was prepared by covalent immobilization, and then, bonded antibacterial fibers T-ZIF-8-PEG-TPU were fabricated by electrospinning technology. The microstructure of the fibers was regulated by optimizing the spinning solution concentration, PEG content, and conductive salt content. The optimum process parameters are 22 wt % spinning solution, 3.3 wt % PEG, and 0.5 wt % ZnCl2 conductive salt. The intrinsic relationship between the fiber microstructure and photocatalytic antibacterial property, moisture permeability, and hydrophobicity was investigated. The antibacterial rate of the fiber membrane against Staphylococcus aureus reaches 100% after 30 min of visible light irradiation, and the antibacterial rate of Escherichia coli is 99.6% after visible light irradiation for 120 min. The fiber membrane has a standard grade I moisture permeability rate and a certain waterproof effect. It has potential applications in the field of health protection such as medical dressings and medical protective products.