Ethnopharmacological relevance: Bone destruction plays a key role in damaging the joint function of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Fengshi Qutong capsule (FSQTC) consisting of 19 traditional Chinese medicines has been used for treating RA in China for many years. Preliminary studies show that FSQTC has analgesic activity and inhibits synovial angiogenesis of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), but its role on bone destruction of RA is still unclear. Aim of the study: To explore the effect of FSQTC on bone destruction of RA and the possible mechanism of osteoclastogenesis in vivo and in vitro. Materials and methods: LC-MS system was used to detect the quality control components of FSQTC. The antiarthritic effect of FSQTC on CIA rats was evaluated by arthritis score, arthritis incidence and histopathology evaluation of inflamed joints. The effect of treatment with FSQTC on bone destruction of joint tissues was determined with X-ray and micro-CT quantification, and on bone resorption marker CTX-I and formation marker osteocalcin in sera were detected by ELISA. Then, osteoclast differentiation and mature were evaluated by TRAP staining, actin ring immunofluorescence and bone resorption assay both in joints and RANKL-induced RAW264.7 cells. In addition, RANKL, OPG, IL-1 beta and TNF alpha in sera were evaluated by ELISA. The molecular mechanisms of the inhibitions were elucidated by analyzing the protein and gene expression of osteoclastic markers CTSK, MMP-9 and beta 3-Integrin, transcriptional factors c-Fos and NFATc1, as well as phosphorylation of ERK1/2, JNK and P38 in joints and in RANKL-induced RAW264.7 cells using western blot and/or qPCR. Results: In this study, 12 major quality control components were identified. Our data showed that FSQTC significantly increased bone mineral density, volume fraction, trabecular thickness, and decreased trabecular separation of inflamed joints both at periarticular and extra-articular locations in CIA rats. FSQTC also diminished the level of CTX-I and simultaneously increased osteocalcin in sera of CIA rats. The effects were accompanied by reductions of osteoclast differentiation, bone resorption, and expression of osteoclastic markers (CTSK, MMP-9 and beta 3-Integrin) in joints. Interestingly, FSQTC treatment could reduce the protein level of RANKL, increase the expression of OPG, and decrease the ratio of RANKL to OPG in inflamed joints and sera of CIA rats. In addition, FSQTC inhibited the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines implicated in bone resorption, such as IL-1 beta and TNF alpha in sera. When RAW264.7 cells were treated with RANKL, FSQTC inhibited the formation of TRAP + multinucleated cells, actin ring and the bone-resorbing activity in dose-dependent manners. Furthermore, FSQTC reduced the RANKL-induced expression of osteoclastic genes and proteins and transcriptional factors (c-Fos and NFATc1), as well as phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Conclusion: FSQTC may inhibit bone destruction of RA by its anti-osteoclastogenic activity both in vivo and in vitro.

To evaluate the clinical efficacy of single administration of Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets(TGT) or combined administration with methotrexate(MTX) against rheumatoid arthritis(RA) based on American College of Rheumatology(ACR) efficacy standard. Six databases, namely CNKI, WanFang, VIP, PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library, were retrieved for randomized controlled trials(RCT), and clinical trials were screened out according to the preset inclusion and exclusion criteria. Then, the study quality was evaluated by the risk assessment tools. Data extraction and analysis were performed by using RevMan 5.3 software for Meta-analysis. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias analysis were made to test the stability and reliability of results. Until December 2018, a total of 1 709 articles were obtained, and finally 10 clinical RCT studies with a total of 1 184 patients were included. As a result, the single administration of TGT showed a significantly better ACR efficiency(RR=1.31, 95%CI[1.15, 1.49], P<0.000 1) than methotrexate(MTX). The combined administration of TGT and MTX showed a significantly better ACR efficiency(RR=1.28, 95%CI[1.20, 1.38], P<0.000 01) than the single administration of MTX. In conclusion, the single administration of TGT and the combined administration of TGT and MTX were more effective in achieving ACR20, ACR50, ACR70 compliance than the single administration of MTX. Further validations based on more RCT studies with high-quality are required.

To systematically evaluate the effects of Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets alone or in combination with methotrexate(MTX) and leflunomide(LEF) on the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in patients or animal models with rheumatoid arthritis(RA), and to provide reference for clinical application and related basic research, this study systematically searched databases of CNKI, VIP, WanFang, PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library, collected relevant clinical or animal experimental studies, used risk assessment tools to evaluate the quality of research, and used Revman 5.3 software to conduct Meta-analysis or descriptive analysis of the outcome indicators included in the literatures. Of the 1 709 papers retrieved, 3 clinical studies and 12 animal experiments were included. The results showed that compared with MTX alone, Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets combined with MTX could further reduce the expression levels of peripheral blood TNF-α(SMD=-8.88,95%CI[-10.77,-6.99],P<0.000 01),IL-1β(P<0.000 01) and IL-6(SMD=-8.63, 95%CI[-10.57,-6.69], P<0.000 01) in RA patients. Compared with LEF alone, the combination of Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets and LEF could not further reduce the expression levels of TNF-α(P=0.20), IL-1β(P=0.17), IL-6(P=0.31). In RA animal model, compared with model group, Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets could reduce the expression levels of peripheral blood IL-1β(SMD=-6.29,95%CI[-9.64,-2.93],P<0.000 2)in peripheral blood(SMD=-1.39,95%CI[-1.77,-1.02],P<0.000 01), joint fluid(P<0.000 01) and paw plasma(P=0.02), and also reduce the expression levels of TNF-α in RA animal model group. Compared with MTX alone, Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets alone reduced the same levels of TNF-α(P=0.42) and IL-6(P=0.08) in joint fluid, while Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets combined with MTX could further reduce the levels of IL-6(P=0.000 1) in joint fluid; compared with LEF alone, Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets have the similar effects on reducing the expression levels of peripheral blood TNF-α(P=0.16), IL-1β(P=0.32), IL-6(P=0.12), while Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets combined with LEF could further reduce the expression levels of TNF-α(P=0.008), IL-1β(P=0.02), IL-6(P<0.000 1) in peripheral blood. Therefore, Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets combined with MTX could further reduce the expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in peripheral blood of RA patients. Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets alone could reduce the expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in peripheral blood and local joint of RA animal models. Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets combined with MTX or LEF could further reduce the express levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in peripheral blood of RA animal models. Due to the limitation of literature, this conclusion needs to be further validated.

The aim of this paper was to compare different effects of Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets from 6 different manufacturers on multiple organ injuries in rats and to explore mechanism of hepatotoxicity preliminarily from the perspective of apoptosis and oxidative stress. Rats were randomly divided into the groups normal, Zhejiang, Hunan, Hubei, Shanghai, Jiangsu and Fujian(7 groups with 16 rats in each group, sex in half). Rats were given Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets at 144 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)(16 times the clinical equivalent dose) once a day according to its corresponding group like rats in Zhejiang group was given Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets from Zhejiang manufactures continuously for 20 days with the life and death situation of mice to be observed, then rats were executed to detect various indicators. RESULTS:: showed that 8 female rats in Zhejiang group died after 15 days of administration, the serum NEUT of rats in Hubei, Fujian and Shanghai groups was significantly lower than that of normal rats. The serum AST, ALT and/or TBiL levels were increased in all rats, and serum BUN and/or CRE levels of rats were also increased in Hunan, Hubei, Fujian and Shanghai groups. In dosage groups, testicular and ovarian coefficients of rats were reduced, the number of sperm were significant decreased while the rate of sperm malformation increased and sperm dynamics parameters of normal, especially in Jiangsu and Zhejiang groups. Liver histopathology and apoptosis of liver cells were observed in dosage groups, especially in Jiangsu and Hubei groups. In liver, Nrf2, HO-1 and Bcl-2 were inhibited and the protein expression level of Bax were increased simultaneously in dosage groups. These results showed that all Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets from 6 manufacturers could lead to chronic multiple organ injuries with disparate specialties in rats, and Jiangsu and Zhejiang groups were more toxic. It could be the mechanism promoting mitochondrial mediated Bax/Bcl-2 cell apoptosis signaling pathway and negatively regulating Nrf2/HO-1 oxidative stress signaling pathway that Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets from 6 different manufacturers resulted in chronic liver injury, the results above were for reference only in subsequent study.

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Zicao is the dried root of Lithospermum erythrorhizon Sieb, et Zucc, Arnebia euchroma (Royle) Johnst, or Arnebia guttata Bunge and commonly used to treat viral infection, inflammation, arthritis and cancer in China.Shikonin (SKN) is a major active chemical component isolated from zicao. Previous research showed that SKN has anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and analgesic effects, and inhibits the development of arthritis and the condition of collagen arthritis (CIA) mice; nevertheless, its role in the angiogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has not been elucidated. Aim of the study: The purpose of this study was to investigate the antiangiogenic activity of SKN in CIA rats and various angiogenesis models. Material and methods: The anti-arthritic effect of SKN on CIA rats was tested by arthritis score, arthritis incidence, radiological observation and histopathology evaluation of inflamed joints. Vessel density evaluated with CD31 immunohistochemistry/immunofluorescence in joint synovial membrane tissues of CIA rats, chick chorioallantoic membrane assay, rat aortic ring assay, and the migration, invasion, adhesion and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial (HUVEC) cells induced by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha were used to measured the antiangiogenenic activity of SKN. Moreover, the effect of SKN on the expression of angiogenic mediators, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), VEGFR2, TNF-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1 beta, platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta in sera and joint synovia of rats, and in TNF-alpha-induced MH7A/HUVEC cells were measured by immunohistochemistry, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, Western blot and/or real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Through the analysis of protein and mRNA levels of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), Akt and PTEN, and the autophosphorylation of ERK1/2, JNK and p38 in joint synovia of rats and in TNF-alpha-induced HUVEC cells, the molecular mechanism of its inhibition was elucidated by using Western blot and/or real-time PCR. Results: SKN significantly reduced the arthritis score and arthritis incidence, and inhibited inflammation, pannus formation, cartilage and bone destruction of inflamed joints in CIA rats. Partially, SKN remarkably decreased the immature blood vessels in synovial membrane tissues of inflamed joints from CIA rats. It also suppressed in vivo angiogenesis in chick embryo and VEGF165-induced microvessel sprout formation ex vivo. Meanwhile, SKN inhibited TNF-alpha-induced migration, invasion, adhesion and tube formation of HUVEC cells. Moreover, SKN significantly decreased the expression of angiogenic activators including VEGF, VEGFR2, TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, PDGF and TGF-beta in synovia of CIA rats and/or in MH7A/HUVEC cells. More interestingly, SKN downregulated PI3K and Akt, and simultaneously upregulated PTEN both at protein and mRNA levels in synovia tissues and/or in TNF-alpha-induced HUVEC cells. It also suppressed the phosphorylation and gene level of TNF-alpha-induced signaling molecules, as ERK1/2, JNK, and p38 in synovium and/or in TNF-alpha-induced HUVEC cells. Conclusion: These findings indicate for the first time that SKN has the anti-angiogenic effect in RA in vivo, ex vivo and in vitro by interrupting the PI3K/AKT and MAPKs signaling pathways.

The aim was to observe the analgesic effect of Fengshi Qutong Capsules(FSQTC) on chronic inflammatory pain in mice, and investigate its effect on p-ERK/COX-2 signal molecular activity. A model of chronic inflammatory pain was induced in mice by complete Freund's adjuvant(CFA). The mice were divided into normal control group, model group, model+FSQTC 0.3, 0.6 and 1.2 g·kg~(-1 )groups, model+positive control drug ibuprofen(IBP, 0.34 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)) group, and normal control+ FSQTC 1.2 g·kg~(-1)group. FSQTC or IBP was given once a day by oral administration. Standard Von Frey fiber was used to evaluate the mechanical pain threshold, and the acetone stimulation was used to induce inflammatory plantar and observe the cold pain reaction scores. The mechanical pain threshold and cold pain reaction scores were observed before administration and 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 h after administration on the first day, as well as 3 h after administration on the 3 rd to 7 th day. The protein levels of PGE_2, COXs-1,2 and p-ERK in the spinal cord of the inflammatory foot and lumbar 4-5 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Western blot, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. The results showed that the mechanical pain threshold of the model group decreased and the cold pain reaction score increased as compared with the normal group. FSQTC application could dose-dependently increase the mechanical pain threshold and decrease the cold pain reaction score. The effect lasted for 6 h, most significant at 3 h. The effect of ibuprofen was similar to that of the 0.6 g·kg~(-1) dose group. In addition, FSQTC could reduce the abnormally increased protein content of PGE_2, COX-2 and p-ERK in the inflammatory foot and/or spinal cord of the model group, and the effect was most significant in middle and high dose groups. However, it had no effect on COX-1 in the inflammatory foot and spinal cord of mice. The results suggest that FSQTC has ob-vious analgesic effect on chronic inflammatory pain in mice, which may be related to inhibition of p-ERK/COX-2 signaling pathway.

目的:观察风湿祛痛胶囊对大鼠胶原诱导性关节炎(CIA)的干预作用.方法:SD大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、风湿祛痛胶囊低、中、高剂量组(0.25,0.5,1 g·kg-1·d-1),对照药甲氨蝶呤组(0.2 mg·kg-1·d-1),除正常组外,其他各组以Ⅱ型胶原和不完全弗氏佐剂免疫大鼠建立CIA模型,首次免疫后第1天给药组开始灌胃给药,每天1次,共给药19d;首次免疫第8天开始观察大鼠关节红肿和畸形症状、评价关节炎临床积分和发病率,第19天取材后,炎症关节进行微计算机断层扫描技术检测和骨计量学分析,同时进行炎症关节组织病理学检查并从滑膜炎症、血管翳、软骨侵蚀和骨破坏等方面进行半定量评分,酶联免疫吸附测定法检测血清白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β),肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α),血管内皮生长因子(VEGF),基质金属蛋白酶-3(MMP-3)和核转录因子-κB受体活化因子配基(RANKL)含量.结果:风湿祛痛胶囊能剂量依赖地改善CIA大鼠炎症关节红、肿和畸形症状;与正常组比较,模型组大鼠炎症关节红、肿和畸形明显临床积分和发病率、关节滑膜炎症、血管翳、软骨侵蚀和骨破坏的病理评分显著升高(P＜0.01),炎症关节骨密度(BMD),骨体积分数(BV/TV),骨小梁厚度(Tb.Th),骨小梁数量(Tb.N)显著降低(P＜0.01),骨表面积体积比(BS/BV)和骨小梁分离度(Tb.Sp)显著升高(P＜0.01),血清IL-1β,TNF-α,VEGF,MMP3和RANKL的含量显著升高(P＜0.01);与模型组相比,各风湿祛痛胶囊组红肿、畸形症状明显改善,临床积分和发病率、关节滑膜炎症、血管翳、软骨侵蚀和骨破坏的病理评分均明显降低(P ＜0.05,P＜0.01),BMD,BV/TV,Tb.Th,Tb.N明显升高(P ＜0.05,P＜0.01),BS/BV和Tb.Sp明显降低(P ＜0.05,P＜0.01),血清IL-1β,TNF-α,VEGF,MMP-3和RANKL的含量明显降低(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),且甲氨蝶呤组与高剂量组的作用相近.结论:风湿祛痛胶囊能有效缓解CIA的临床症状和病情,降低发病率,减轻关节的组织病理学和影像学严重度,同时抑制血清中的促炎细胞因子含量.

目的:观察风湿祛痛胶囊(FSQTC)对蛋白激酶B(Akt)和丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)信号通路的影响,以探讨其抑制类风湿关节炎(RA)滑膜血管新生的机制.方法:采用SD大鼠诱导建立胶原诱导性关节炎(CIA)模型,灌胃给予FSQTC低、中、高剂量(0.25,0.5,1 g·kg-1)19 d后,取膝关节滑膜组织备用;血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF,20 μg· L-1)诱导人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVEC),肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α,20 μg· L-1)体外诱导人RA成纤维样滑膜细胞系MH7A,分别加入不同质量浓度FSQTC(0.02,0.1,0.5μg·L-1)作用后,取细胞备用.分别提取滑膜组织以及MH7A和HUVEC两种细胞中的蛋白,采用蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测磷酸化Akt(p-Akt),p-p38 MAPK,p-细胞外信号调节激酶(ERK),p-氨基末端激酶(JNK)的蛋白表达水平.结果:CIA模型组大鼠关节滑膜中p-Akt,p-p38 MAPK,p-ERK和p-JNK的表达水平均较正常组显著升高(P＜0.01),经0.25,0.5,1 g·kg-1 ·d-1的FSQTC治疗后降低(P ＜0.05,P＜0.01);与空白组比较,VEGF或TNF-α能分别诱导p-Akt,p-p38 MAPK,p-ERK和p-JNK在MH7A或HUVEC细胞中的异常升高(P＜0.01),0.02,0.1,0.5μg·L-1的FSQTC能明显降低p-Akt,p-p38 MAPK,p-ERK,p-JNK的表达水平(P ＜0.05,P＜0.01).结论:FSQTC能负调节Akt和MAPK信号通路在CIA大鼠滑膜组织、体外培养的血管内皮细胞和成纤维滑膜细胞中的异常活化,这可能与其对RA滑膜血管新生的抑制作用有关.

To systematically review the improvement effects of Tripterygium Glycosides Tables( TGT) alone or in combination with methotrexate( MTX) on the clinical signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis( RA),and provide a basis for the rational use of TGT in clinic,in the current study,six literature databases including CNKI,Wan Fang,VIP,PubMed,EMbase,and Cochrane Library,were systematically searched,according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Review Manager 5.3 software was used to input the literatures,and we assessed the risk bias on the level of outcome indicators for each included literature. A total of 18 literatures were included,and the classification results showed that: compared with MTX,TGT alone can reduce the number of joint swelling( MD =0. 18,95%CI[-1.06,1.42],P = 0.78) and joint tenderness( MD =-0.06,95% CI[-1.69,1.56],P = 0.94) in RA patients with the same effect as MTX. In terms of drug combination,TGT combined with MTX had an advantage over MTX alone in lessening the morning stiffness time( MD = 18. 24,95% CI[12. 64,23. 84],P < 0. 000 01) of RA,joint tenderness( MD = 2. 65,95% CI[1. 85,3. 44],P<0.000 01) and joint swelling( MD = 3.01,95% CI[2.09,3.39],P< 0.000 01). In conclusion,this Meta-analysis suggest that TGT alone was superior to MTX in improving joint swelling and tenderness in RA patients,TGT combined with MTX may improve the clinical manifestation of RA patients better than MTX alone.

The aim of this paper was to compare the performance of acute liver injury in mice induced by Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets from 6 different manufacturers,and to explore the toxicity mechanism from the perspective of oxidative stress and apoptosis preliminarily. Male or female mice were randomly divided into normal group,Zhejiang group,Hunan group,Hubei group,Shanghai group,Jiangsu group and Fujian group. Mice in Tripgerygium Glycosides Tablets groups were given 16 times the clinical equivalent dose( 300 mg·kg-1) Tripgerygium Glycosides Tablets by oral administration for one time,mice were executed in 24 h after lavaged.Then the visceral brain coefficient of the organ was calculated. Histopathological changes of liver were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Td T-mediated d UTP nick-end labeling was used to detect the apoptosis of the liver cells and the protein content of oxidative stress related factors in liver homogenate. Nuclear transcription factor E2-related factor( Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1( HO-1) as well as mitochondrial mediated apoptosis-related protein expression levels of Bax and Bcl-2 in hepatic tissue were measured by Western blot.Within 24 hours of administration,6 male mice in Jiangsu group and 2 female mice in Zhejiang group were dying; compared with normal ones,liver coefficients of mice in Zhejiang,Shanghai,Jiangsu and Hunan groups were significantly increased,thymus coefficients in the first two groups were significantly reduced,as well as the lung coefficients of Fujian group mice,the rest was normal. In addition to Hubei group,serum AST,ALT or ALP levels of mice were increased,while TBi L were not being affected. Histopathological changes and apoptosis of liver cells were observed in all mice,and the degree of severity was ranked as Jiangsu,Zhejiang,Shanghai,Hunan,Hubei and Fujian group. All Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets increased the MDA and reduced the content of T-SOD,CAT or GSH in liver tissue while inhibited Nrf2,HO-1 and Bcl-2,increased the protein expression level of Bax( except Hunan group). Tripgerygium Glycosides Tablets from 6 manufacturers all resulted in liver function damage and liver histopathological changes,especially in Jiangsu,Hubei and Fujian,and the mechanism may related to inhibit Nrf2/HO-1 oxidative stress pathway and activate Bax/Bcl-2 apoptosis pathway to mediate lipid peroxidation and induce liver cell apoptosis. Triptolide A may be one of the main toxic components of Tripgerygium Glycosides Tablets that causing drug-induced liver injury. This study was conducted on normal mice with super dose medication,so the relevant results are for reference only.

To observe the effect of Fengshi Qutong Capsules(FSQTC) on angiogenesis of rat aortarings and in knee joint synovium of type Ⅱ collagen-induced arthritis(CIA) rats. The blood vessel of aorta rings of normal SD rats were induced by vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) 20 μg·L~(-1 )in vitro, and were treated with FSQTC(0.02, 0.1 and 0.5 μg·L~(-1)) continuously for 9 days. The number, length and area of neovascularization of the vascular ring were measured. SD rats were immunized to establish collagen-induced arthritis. CIA rats were treated with FSQTC(0.25, 0.5, 1 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)) and methotrexate(0.2 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)) daily for 19 days. Histopathological examination(HE) was performed to observe the vascular morphology and vascular density in the synovial membrane of the inflamed joint. Immunohistochemistry was performed to observe the expression of platelets-endothelial cell adhesion molecule(CD31), VEGF and VEGF receptor 2(VEGFR_2)in the synovium. Immunofluorescence was performed to observe the expression of CD31 and α smooth muscle actin(αSMA) in synovial membrane.TGF-β, PDGF and VEGFR_2 in serum were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The number, branch length and area of blood vessels of aorta rings were significantly increased induced by VEGF, and FSQTC could significantly reduce the number, branch length and area of blood vessels. Compared with the normal group, the vascular density, CD31 positive expression, CD31~+/αSMA~- immature and total vascular positive expression in the synovial membrane of the model group were significantly increased, and so as VEGF and VEGFR_2 in the synovium. The VEGFR_2, TGF-β and PDGF in sera were also significantly increased in model group. FSQTC reduced the synovial vascular density and inhibited the positive expression of CD31, CD31~+/αSMA~- immature blood vessels and total vascular. FSQTC has no significant effect on CD31~+/αSMA~+mature blood vessels. FSQTC also negatively inhibited the expression of VEGF, VEGFR_2, TGF-β and PDGF in synovial membrane and/or sera. The effect of methotrexate is similar with to the high dose group. Our results demonstrated that FSQTC could inhibit the angiogenesis of synovial tissue in CIA rats and of aortaring in rats, which is related to the reduction of angiogenesis regulatory factor.

目的:观察风湿祛痛胶囊对血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)诱导的人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVEC)的增殖、迁移、黏附、侵袭和管腔形成能力的影响,以及对VEGF受体2(VEGFR2)的干预作用.方法:VEGF体外诱导HUVEC,加入风湿祛痛胶囊低、中、高质量浓度(0.02,0.1,0.5 μg·L-1)作用后,分别采用噻唑蓝(MTT)比色法、转移小室(transwell)法、黏附实验、细胞侵袭及管腔形成实验检测HUVEC的增殖活性、迁移、黏附、侵袭及管腔形成能力,蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测细胞中VEGFR2磷酸化水平和蛋白含量,实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(Real-time PCR)检测VEGFR2 mRNA表达水平.结果:与正常组比较,VEGF诱导24,48 h后均能显著升高HUVEC的增殖活性(P＜0.01),诱导24 h能明显升高HUVEC的迁移、黏附、侵袭和管腔形成能力(P＜0.01),显著升高HUVEC中VEGFR2磷酸化及蛋白和mRNA表达水平(P＜0.01);与VEGF组比较,风湿祛痛胶囊低、中、高质量浓度组作用48 h均能明显抑制HUVEC增殖活性(P ＜0.05,P＜0.01),作用24 h对VEGF诱导的HUVEC迁移、黏附、侵袭和管腔形成能力有明显抑制作用(P＜0.05),也能下调VEGFR2磷酸化及蛋白和mRNA表达水平(P＜0.05).结论:风湿祛痛胶囊能降低VEGF诱导的HUVEC细胞增殖、迁移、黏附、侵袭及管腔形成能力,这一作用可能与其抑制VEGFR2的磷酸化、蛋白和mRNA表达水平有关.

目的:研究风湿祛痛胶囊(FSQTC)对肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)诱导的人类风湿关节炎(RA)成纤维样滑膜细胞增殖、迁移、黏附、侵袭和分泌功能的影响.方法:TNF-α(20 μg·L-1)体外诱导RA患者成纤维样滑膜细胞(MH7A),加入不同浓度FSQTC(0.02,0.1,0.5μg·L-1)作用后,分别采用噻唑蓝(MTT)比色法,转移小室(transwell)迁移、黏附及侵袭实验检测MH7A细胞的增殖活性、迁移、黏附及侵袭能力,酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)检测细胞上清中白细胞介素(IL)-1β及血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)的含量.结果:与空白组比较,TNF-α(20 μg·L-1)能显著增加MH7A细胞的增殖、迁移、黏附、侵袭能力及分泌IL-1β和VEGF的含量(P＜0.01);与TNF-α组比较,FSQTC(0.02,0.1,0.5 μg·L-1)作用24 h对TNF-α诱导的MH7A细胞增殖活性没有明显影响,作用48 h能浓度依赖地降低TNF-α诱导增加的MH7A细胞增殖活性(P ＜0.05,P＜0.01),作用24 h还能显著降低TNF-α诱导升高的MH7A细胞迁移、黏附、侵袭能力及分泌IL-1β和VEGF的含量(P ＜0.05,P＜0.01).结论:FSQTC可降低MH7A细胞增殖、迁移、黏附、侵袭及分泌IL-1β和VEGF的能力.

The aim of this study was to systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy of Tripterysium Glycosides Tablets( TGT) alone or in combination with methotrexate( MTX) in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis( RA) based on the laboratory index criteria and to provide a basis for the clinical application of TGT against RA. Six databases including CNKI,Wan Fang,VIP,PubMed,EMbase and Cochrane were retrieved for randomized controlled trials( RCT) about TGT alone or combination with MTX in the treatment of RA.Then risk assessment tools were used for quality evaluation of the studies,and data extraction and analysis were conducted by using Rev Man 5.3 software for Meta-analysis. A total of 1 709 articles were retrieved,and finally 25 studies were included,with a total sample size of 2 507 cases. Meta-analysis results showed that between TGT alone and TGT alone,MDESR=-2. 66,95%CI[-8.17,2.86],P = 0.35; MDCRP=-2.38,95%CI[-9.01,4.24],P = 0.48; between TGT combined with MTX and MTX alone,MDESR= 8.74,95%CI[6.72,10.76],P<0.000 01; MDCRP= 5.37,95%CI[3.71,7.03],P<0.000 01; SMDRF= 1.05,95%CI[0.51,1.60],P = 0.000 1.The effect of TGT on decreasing CRP and ESR in RA patients was similar to the MTX. In addition,TGT combined with MTX were more effective in decreasing CRP,ESR,RF than MTX alone. However,due to the potential bias in the included studies,more and high-quality randomized controlled trials would be needed to improve the level of evidence.