We have followed the recovery of gaps produced either by harvesters or by scientists in stands of stalked barnacle (Pollicipes pollicipes) during two years in four regions of Europe (SW Portugal, Galicia and Asturias in Spain and Brittany in France; n = 423 gaps), which was extended to four years in Asturias (n = 252 gaps). The presence of adult conspecifics in the margins of the gaps increased by at least four times the probability of initiation of their recovery. After two years of follow-up in the four regions, 90

Understanding large-scale spatial and temporal patterns of marine populations is a central goal in ecology, which has received renewed attention under climate change. However, few studies explore the large-scale dynamics of populations using standardized protocols and during the same time frames. We studied the phenology and intensity of reproduction and recruitment for the intertidal stalked barnacle Pollicipes pollicipes over an European scale and described their potential linkages with environmental variables. This species supports profitable fisheries in the Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal). In Brittany (France), we had observed a significant lower reproductive effort (long non-breeding season, short breeding period in summer) and low values of recruitment intensity. This pattern may be related to the fact that Brittany corresponds to the northern limit of the distribution of this species in continental Europe. On the Iberian Peninsula, the most different region was Galicia (Spain), with Asturias (Spain) and SW Portugal being more similar. In Galicia, we have observed a contradictory pattern characterized by the absence of a non-breeding period and by a shorter recruitment season than observed in other Iberian regions. Our results suggest that air temperature, SST and chlorophyll-a might be related to the variability in reproduction and recruitment patterns of P. pollicipes . Moreover, spring and early summer upwelling in SW Portugal and Galicia might be inhibiting recruitment in this period. At the northern limit, the expected increase in performance under climate change might facilitate the recovery of populations after exploitation, increasing the resilience of the resource to fishing pressure.

In January 2020, a stakeholder workshop was organized as a knowledge sharing strategy among European stalked barnacle fisheries. Management of this fishery differs greatly among regions and ranges from less organized and governed at large scales (>100 km, coasts of SW Portugal and Brittany in France) to highly participatory systems which are co-managed at small spatial scales (10's km and less, Galicia and Asturias). Discussions revealed that poaching is ubiquitous, hard to eradicate, and adapts to all types of management. The stakeholders identified some key management initiatives in the fight against poaching: granting professional harvesters with exclusive access to the resource, increasing social capital among harvesters through tenure systems (e.g. Territorial Use Rights in Fisheries) that empower them as stewards of their resource and intensification of surveillance with the active participation of the harvesters. Furthermore, increased cooperation between fishers associations and regional fisheries authorities, improved legal frameworks, adoption of new technologies and the implementation of market-based solutions can also help coping with this systemic problem.

Numerical biophysical models are a standard methodology used to provide estimates of larval dispersal and population connectivity for marine species with a bi-phasic life cycle. However, confidence on biophysical models, tested by confronting model estimates with empirical evidence, is seldomly assessed. We compared time-series estimates of larval supply of the stalked barnaclePollicipes pollicipesto rocky shores in 3 regions around the Iberian Peninsula (Asturias, Galicia, SW Portugal) with recruitment observations made at monthly intervals for 2 yr. Supply estimates were made with the Regional Ocean Modelling system using several larval behaviour scenarios, while the number of recruits on the stalks of adult barnacles was used as a measure of recruitment intensity. Cross-correlation analysis showed that passive, surface-dwelling and ontogenetically migrating larval scenarios generally produced significant positive correlations at time lags of 0 to +2 mo at the regional level but not at sub-regional or site levels. None of the scenarios produced a substantially better fit than the others, and all 3 produced estimates of average realized dispersal (-73 to +63 km in the S/W and N/E directions) and larval retention (2.0 to 2.4%) that were numerically very similar. These estimates indicate high levels of connectivity, either during larval life or via steppingstone processes, within and between the 3 regions. Based on these estimates, we advocate that the management of theP. pollicipesfishery requires an interactive, polycentric governance system at transregional, regional and local scales, which will give the resource a higher possibility of persistence by diversifying the fishery’s management portfolio.

The stalked barnacle Pollicipes pollicipes inhabits rocky shores from the Atlantic coasts of Brittany (France) to Senegal. Because of the culinary traditions of southern Europe, stalked barnacles represent an important target species for local fisheries on the Iberian Peninsula. To manage this fishery sustainably, it is therefore important to assess the dynamics of local populations over the Iberian coast, and how they are interconnected at a wider scale using finely tuned genetic markers. In this work, a new enriched library of GT microsatellites for P. pollicipes was prepared and sequenced using Ion Torrent™ Next Gen-Sequencing Technology. 1,423 adults and juveniles were sampled in 15 localities of three geographic regions: southern Portugal, Galicia and Asturias (both in northern Spain). Twenty polymorphic loci arranged in five multiplex PCRs were then tested and validated as new molecular tools to address the spatial and temporal genetic patterns of P. pollicipes . Our results revealed high genetic diversity among adults. However, juveniles were genetically more structured than their adult counterparts, which alternatively displayed much more connectivity among the three studied regions. The lack of spatial genetic heterogeneity in adults may be due to the overlapping of several generations of settlers coming from different geographic origins, which mainly depends on the orientation of residual currents along the coast during reproduction. The genetic differentiation of juveniles may indeed be congruent with Iberian Peninsula hydrodynamics, which can produce chaotic genetic patchiness (CGP) at small temporal scales due to sweepstake reproductive success, collective dispersal and/or self-recruitment. Remarkably, most of the genetic heterogeneity of juveniles found in this work was located in Galicia, which could represent an admixture between distinct metapopulations or an old refuge for the most northern populations. To conclude, high genetic variation in P. pollicipes can lead to the false impression of population panmixia at the Iberian scale by masking more restricted and current-driven larval exchanges between regions. This possibility should be taken into consideration for further specific management and conservation plans for the species over the Iberian Peninsula.

Event Abstract Back to Event The PERCEBES project: science for the spatial management of the stalked barnacle fishery in the Atlantic Arc Katja Geiger1*, José Luis Acuña2, Alba Aguión3, Arrontes Julio2, Marion Ballenghiem4, Yaisel J. Borrell5, Caroline Broudin4, João Castro6, Juliette Chiss4, Teresa Cruz7, Dominique Davoult4, Jesus Dubert8, Pierre-Antoine Dumont9, Feis Marieke4, Joana N. Fernandes10, Consolación Fernández1, Lucía García11, Eva Garcia-Vazquez5, Céline Houbin4, David Jacinto10, Didier Jollivet4, Christophe Lejeusne4, Gonzalo Macho12, David Mateus10, Paloma Morán13, Carlota Muñiz12, Amandine Nicolle9, Rita Nolasco8, Elena Ojea12, Marina Parrondo5, Lucille Perrier4, Henrique Queiroga14, José Manuel Rico1, Antonella Rivera15, María Del Pino Rueda11, Teresa Silva10, Jorge Sostres1, Eric Thiebaut4 and Elsa Vazquez12 1 Department of Organisms and Systems Biology, University of Oviedo, Spain 2 Department of Organisms and Systems Biology, University of Oviedo, Spain 3 Department of Ecology and Animal Biology, University of Vigo, Spain 4 Station Biologique de Roscoff, France 5 Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, Spain 6 Center for Marine and Environmental Sciences (MARE), Portugal 7 Center for Marine and Environmental Sciences (MARE), Portugal 8 Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Portugal 9 National Institute of Advanced Technologies of Brittany, France 10 Center for Marine and Environmental Sciences (MARE), Portugal 11 Center for Fisheries Experimentation, Government of the Principality of Asturias, Spain 12 Department of Ecology and Animal Biology, University of Vigo, Spain 13 Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, University of Vigo, Spain 14 Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Portugal 15 Coral Reef Alliance, United States In the Atlantic Arc, the stalked barnacle fishery is managed using a variety of spatial tools ranging from open access, through Territorial User Rights for Fishers (TURFs) to Marine Reserves (MR). In addition, co-management in some places allows the emergence of new management practices, which makes this fishery an interesting example to investigate the implications of distinct spatial management options on the biology and ecology of exploited coastal species. It also provides a learning platformto guide marine spatial planning of Small Scale Fisheries in other contexts in the EU. The PERCEBES project is a Portuguese, French and Spanish initiative co-funded by the ERA-Net BiodivERsA intended as a scientific and practical demonstration of the effects of Stalked Barnacle (SB) harvesting on the biodiversity, productivity and connectivity of SB populations/stocks? both at local and landscape level. This is done through two approaches: 1-A continental-scale, Human Exclusion Experiment (HEE). By using steel cages that simulate the effects of 1 and 2 year bans and open plots as controls where harvest continues unimpeded. The HEE tests the effect of those treatments on the biodiversity, productivity and economic value of SB stands and on their potential to produce larvae. 2-Construction of regional, spatially explicit Bioeconomic Models (BM). We are building biophysical larval dispersal models to visualize the seeding effects of fallow or protected areas on other regions and the patterns of connectivity among managed or co-managed spatial units. These models are being validated by direct measurement of recruitment distributed in time and space. Additionally, the biophysical models will be coupled with landings and sales data to assess the sustainability and cost effectiveness of distinct spatial management options. These two objectives are carried out at four experimental sites: coast of Alentejo (Portugal), , NW coast of Galicia (Spain), Western Asturias coast (Spain) and South Brittany (France), covering the latitudinal range where the barnacles are exploited in the EU. PERCEBES benefits from/has the collaboration of stakeholders, fishers, administration and NGOs for site selection, experiment surveillance and sample collection. The project has established a consortium with the fishers to secure a large number of recruitment observations distributed in time and space. PERCEBES combines results from experiments, hydrodynamic models and landings data into spatially explicit bioeconomic models which will allow generation of “policyscapes” to optimize the conservation/exploitation tradeoff. This is of interest for Administrations seeking to manage the SB fishery. At a final collaborative workshop, fishers, scientists, administrators and ONGs will discuss the potential for crossbreeding of good management practices across the Atlantic Arc. PERCEBES is also producing a video documentary focused on the effects of harvesting on biodiversity patterns, intended for a general audience, and focused on the science of the interaction humans-ecosystem. Acknowledgements This is a BiodivERsA project financed by the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, the Portuguese Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia and the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche. We thank the barnacle harvesters at the Alentejo, Galicia, Asturias and Brittany coasts, WWF, Ecologistas en Acción, DOCUMENTAZUL and the different Regional Governments and Administrations for their collaboration and support. Keywords: Marine reserve (MR), Territorial User Rights Fisheries (TURFs), Co-management, biophysical model, Bioeconomic model, human exclusion experiment Conference: XX Iberian Symposium on Marine Biology Studies (SIEBM XX) , Braga, Portugal, 9 Sep - 12 Sep, 2019. Presentation Type: Poster Presentation Topic: Fisheries, Aquaculture and Biotechnology Citation: Geiger K, Acuña J, Aguión A, Julio A, Ballenghiem M, Borrell Y, Broudin C, Castro J, Chiss J, Cruz T, Davoult D, Dubert J, Dumont P, Marieke F, Fernandes J, Fernández C, García L, Garcia-Vazquez E, Houbin C, Jacinto D, Jollivet D, Lejeusne C, Macho G, Mateus D, Morán P, Muñiz C, Nicolle A, Nolasco R, Ojea E, Parrondo M, Perrier L, Queiroga H, Rico J, Rivera A, Rueda M, Silva T, Sostres J, Thiebaut E and Vazquez E (2019). The PERCEBES project: science for the spatial management of the stalked barnacle fishery in the Atlantic Arc. Front. Mar. Sci. Conference Abstract: XX Iberian Symposium on Marine Biology Studies (SIEBM XX) . doi: 10.3389/conf.fmars.2019.08.00156 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 03 Jun 2019; Published Online: 27 Sep 2019. * Correspondence: Mrs. Katja Geiger, Department of Organisms and Systems Biology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain, katjes.gecko@gmail.com Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Katja Geiger José Luis Acuña Alba Aguión Arrontes Julio Marion Ballenghiem Yaisel J. Borrell Caroline Broudin João Castro Juliette Chiss Teresa Cruz Dominique Davoult Jesus Dubert Pierre-Antoine Dumont Feis Marieke Joana N. Fernandes Consolación Fernández Lucía García Eva Garcia-Vazquez Céline Houbin David Jacinto Didier Jollivet Christophe Lejeusne Gonzalo Macho David Mateus Paloma Morán Carlota Muñiz Amandine Nicolle Rita Nolasco Elena Ojea Marina Parrondo Lucille Perrier Henrique Queiroga José Manuel Rico Antonella Rivera María Del Pino Rueda Teresa Silva Jorge Sostres Eric Thiebaut Elsa Vazquez Google Katja Geiger José Luis Acuña Alba Aguión Arrontes Julio Marion Ballenghiem Yaisel J. Borrell Caroline Broudin João Castro Juliette Chiss Teresa Cruz Dominique Davoult Jesus Dubert Pierre-Antoine Dumont Feis Marieke Joana N. Fernandes Consolación Fernández Lucía García Eva Garcia-Vazquez Céline Houbin David Jacinto Didier Jollivet Christophe Lejeusne Gonzalo Macho David Mateus Paloma Morán Carlota Muñiz Amandine Nicolle Rita Nolasco Elena Ojea Marina Parrondo Lucille Perrier Henrique Queiroga José Manuel Rico Antonella Rivera María Del Pino Rueda Teresa Silva Jorge Sostres Eric Thiebaut Elsa Vazquez Google Scholar Katja Geiger José Luis Acuña Alba Aguión Arrontes Julio Marion Ballenghiem Yaisel J. Borrell Caroline Broudin João Castro Juliette Chiss Teresa Cruz Dominique Davoult Jesus Dubert Pierre-Antoine Dumont Feis Marieke Joana N. Fernandes Consolación Fernández Lucía García Eva Garcia-Vazquez Céline Houbin David Jacinto Didier Jollivet Christophe Lejeusne Gonzalo Macho David Mateus Paloma Morán Carlota Muñiz Amandine Nicolle Rita Nolasco Elena Ojea Marina Parrondo Lucille Perrier Henrique Queiroga José Manuel Rico Antonella Rivera María Del Pino Rueda Teresa Silva Jorge Sostres Eric Thiebaut Elsa Vazquez PubMed Katja Geiger José Luis Acuña Alba Aguión Arrontes Julio Marion Ballenghiem Yaisel J. Borrell Caroline Broudin João Castro Juliette Chiss Teresa Cruz Dominique Davoult Jesus Dubert Pierre-Antoine Dumont Feis Marieke Joana N. Fernandes Consolación Fernández Lucía García Eva Garcia-Vazquez Céline Houbin David Jacinto Didier Jollivet Christophe Lejeusne Gonzalo Macho David Mateus Paloma Morán Carlota Muñiz Amandine Nicolle Rita Nolasco Elena Ojea Marina Parrondo Lucille Perrier Henrique Queiroga José Manuel Rico Antonella Rivera María Del Pino Rueda Teresa Silva Jorge Sostres Eric Thiebaut Elsa Vazquez Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.

Differences in the structure and functioning of intensively urbanized vs. less human-affected systems are reported, but such evidence is available for a much larger extent in terrestrial than in marine systems. We examined the hypotheses that (i) urbanization was associated to different patterns of variation of intertidal assemblages between urban and extra-urban environments; (ii) such patterns were consistent across mainland and insular systems, spatial scales from 10scm to 100skm, and a three months period. Several trends emerged: (i) a more homogeneous distribution of most algal groups in the urban compared to the extra-urban condition and the opposite pattern of most invertebrates; (ii) smaller/larger variances of most organisms where these were, respectively, less/more abundant; (iii) largest variability of most response variables at small scale; (iv) no facilitation of invasive species by urbanization and larger cover of canopy-forming algae in the insular extra-urban condition. Present findings confirm the acknowledged notion that future management strategies will require to include representative assemblages and their relevant scales of variation associated to urbanization gradients on both the mainland and the islands.

The stalked barnacle Pollicipes pollicipes is the most important intertidal economical resource in Portugal. The assessment of the state of the fishery, conservation and management of P. pollicipes in Portugal was made for the first time in three regions with different regulations regarding this fishery: two marine protected areas (“Reserva Natural das Berlengas”, RNB; and “Parque Natural do Sudoeste Alentejano e Costa Vicentina”, PNSACV); and the Center coast. Different approaches (independent observations, inquiries, logbooks) and sources of data (past and recent) were used. An overall negative tendency of the state of the fishery and conservation of this resource was observed in all regions, with the exception of the stable tendency detected in PNSACV when using the inquiries approach. A weak management was considered to be in practice at Center and at PNSACV, while an acceptable management was inferred for RNB. We recommend a change into a co-management system that should be tested in pilot regions as RNB and/or PNSACV.

Recently, genetic evidence supported the existence of a new species of the genus Pollicipes from the Cape Verde Islands, previously considered a population of P. pollicipes. However, P. pollicipes was not sampled at its southern limit of distribution (Dakar, Senegal), which is geographically separated from the Cape Verde Islands by about 500 km. Herein we describe Pollicipes caboverdensis sp. nov. from the Cape Verde Islands and compare its morphology with the other three species of Pollicipes: P. pollicipes, P. elegans and P. polymerus. Pollicipes pollicipes was sampled at both the middle (Portugal) and southern limit (Dakar, Senegal) of its geographical distribution. The genetic divergence among and within these two regions and Cape Verde was calculated through the analysis of partial mtDNA CO1 gene sequences. Pollicipes caboverdensis sp. nov. has a single whorl of capitular plates below the subrostrum, peduncular scales pointing up toward the capitulum and multi-articulate caudal appendages (all characters shared with P. pollicipes and P. elegans), reddish-orange capitular plates (large specimens), a single rostral median latus between the median latus and the rostrolatus (both characters shared with P. elegans), and uniquely possesses peduncular scales that are approximately the same width as height. The genetic distance between the Cape Verde population and the Senegal and Portugal populations is 13–14%, whilst between Senegal and Portugal it is < 1%.

Recently, genetic evidence supported the existence of a new species of the genus Pollicipes from the Cape Verde Islands, previously considered a population of P. pollicipes. However, P. pollicipes was not sampled at its southern limit of distribution (Dakar, Senegal), which is geographically separated from the Cape Verde Islands by about 500 km. Herein we describe Pollicipes caboverdensis sp. nov. from the Cape Verde Islands and compare its morphology with the other three species of Pollicipes: P. pollicipes, P. elegans and P. polymerus. Pollicipes pollicipes was sampled at both the middle (Portugal) and southern limit (Dakar, Senegal) of its geographical distribution. The genetic divergence among and within these two regions and Cape Verde was calculated through the analysis of partial mtDNA CO1 gene sequences. Pollicipes caboverdensis sp. nov. has a single whorl of capitular plates below the subrostrum, peduncular scales pointing up toward the capitulum and multi-articulate caudal appendages (all characters shared with P. pollicipes and P. elegans), reddish-orange capitular plates (large specimens), a single rostral median latus between the median latus and the rostrolatus (both characters shared with P. elegans), and uniquely possesses peduncular scales that are approximately the same width as height. The genetic distance between the Cape Verde population and the Senegal and Portugal populations is 13-14%, whilst between Senegal and Portugal it is < 1%.

Recently, genetic evidence supported the existence of a new species of the genus Pollicipes from the Cape Verde Islands, previously considered a population of P. pollicipes. However, P. pollicipes was not sampled at its southern limit of distribution (Dakar, Senegal), which is geographically separated from the Cape Verde Islands by about 500 km. Herein we describe Pollicipes caboverdensis sp. nov. from the Cape Verde Islands and compare its morphology with the other three species of Pollicipes: P. pollicipes, P. elegans and P. polymerus. Pollicipes pollicipes was sampled at both the middle (Portugal) and southern limit (Dakar, Senegal) of its geographical distribution. The genetic divergence among and within these two regions and Cape Verde was calculated through the analysis of partial mtDNA CO1 gene sequences. Pollicipes caboverdensis sp. nov. has a single whorl of capitular plates below the subrostrum, peduncular scales pointing up toward the capitulum and multi-articulate caudal appendages (all characters shared with P. pollicipes and P. elegans), reddish-orange capitular plates (large specimens), a single rostral median latus between the median latus and the rostrolatus (both characters shared with P. elegans), and uniquely possesses peduncular scales that are approximately the same width as height. The genetic distance between the Cape Verde population and the Senegal and Portugal populations is 13–14%, whilst between Senegal and Portugal it is < 1%.