Background Although socioeconomic status is a major determinant of premature mortality in many populations, the impact of social inequalities on premature mortality in Cuba, a country with universal education and health care, remains unclear. We aimed to assess the association between educational level and premature adult mortality in Cuba. Methods The Cuba Prospective Study (a cohort study) enrolled 146 556 adults aged 30 years and older from the general population in five provinces from Jan 1, 1996, to Nov 24, 2002. Participants were followed up until Jan 1, 2017, for cause-specific mortality. Deaths were identified through linkage to the Cuban Public Health Ministry's national mortality records. Cox regression models yielded rate ratios (RRs) for the effect of educational level (a commonly used measure for social status) on mortality at ages 35-74 years, with assessment for the mediating effects of smoking, alcohol consumption, and BMI. Findings A total of 127 273 participants aged 35-74 years were included in the analyses. There was a strong inverse association between educational level and premature mortality. Compared with a university education, men who did not complete primary education had an approximately 60% higher risk of premature mortality (RR 1 center dot 55, 95% CI 1 center dot 40-1 center dot 72), while the risk was approximately doubled in women (1 center dot 96, 1 center dot 81-2 center dot 13). Overall, 28% of premature deaths could be attributed to lower education levels. Excess mortality in women was primarily due to vascular disease, while vascular disease and cancer were equally important in men. 31% of the association with education in men and 18% in women could be explained by common modifiable risk factors, with smoking having the largest effect. Interpretation This study highlights the value of understanding the determinants of health inequalities in different populations. Although many major determinants lie outside the health system in Cuba, this study has identified the diseases and risk factors that require targeted public health interventions, particularly smoking. Copyright (c) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license.

Background: The associations of cause-specific mortality with alcohol consumption have been studied mainly in higher-income countries. We relate alcohol consumption to mortality in Cuba. Methods: In 1996-2002, 146 556 adults were recruited into a prospective study from the general population in five areas of Cuba. Participants were interviewed, measured and followed up by electronic linkage to national death registries until January 1, 2017. After excluding all with missing data or chronic disease at recruitment, Cox regression (adjusted for age, sex, province, education, and smoking) was used to relate mortality rate ratios (RRs) at ages 35–79 years to alcohol consumption. RRs were corrected for long-term variability in alcohol consumption using repeat measures among 20 593 participants resurveyed in 2006-08. Findings: After exclusions, there were 120 623 participants aged 35-79 years (mean age 52 [SD 12]; 67 694 [56%] women). At recruitment, 22 670 (43%) men and 9490 (14%) women were current alcohol drinkers, with 15 433 (29%) men and 3054 (5%) women drinking at least weekly; most alcohol consumption was from rum. All-cause mortality was positively and continuously associated with weekly alcohol consumption: each additional 35cl bottle of rum per week (110g of pure alcohol) was associated with ∼10% higher risk of all-cause mortality (RR 1.08 [95%CI 1.05-1.11]). The major causes of excess mortality in weekly drinkers were cancer, vascular disease, and external causes. Non-drinkers had ∼10% higher risk (RR 1.11 [1.09-1.14]) of all-cause mortality than those in the lowest category of weekly alcohol consumption (<1 bottle/week), but this association was almost completely attenuated on exclusion of early follow-up. Interpretation: In this large prospective study in Cuba, weekly alcohol consumption was continuously related to premature mortality. Reverse causality is likely to account for much of the apparent excess risk among non-drinkers. The findings support limits to alcohol consumption that are lower than present recommendations in Cuba. Funding: Medical Research Council, British Heart Foundation, Cancer Research UK, CDC Foundation (with support from Amgen)

Background Cardiovascular disease accounts for about one-third of all premature deaths (ie, age < 70) in Cuba. Yet, the relevance of major risk factors, including systolic blood pressure (SBP), diabetes, and body-mass index (BMI), to cardiovascular mortality in this population remains unclear. Methods In 1996–2002, 146,556 adults were recruited from the general population in five areas of Cuba. Participants were interviewed, measured (height, weight and blood pressure) and followed up by electronic linkage to national death registries until Jan 1, 2017; in 2006–08, 24,345 participants were resurveyed. After excluding all with missing data, cardiovascular disease at recruitment, and those who died in the first 5 years, Cox regression (adjusted for age, sex, education, smoking, alcohol and, where appropriate, BMI) was used to relate cardiovascular mortality rate ratios (RRs) at ages 35–79 years to SBP, diabetes and BMI; RR were corrected for regression dilution to give associations with long-term average (ie, ‘usual’) levels of SBP and BMI. Results After exclusions, there were 125,939 participants (mean age 53 [SD12]; 55% women). Mean SBP was 124 mmHg (SD15), 5% had diabetes, and mean BMI was 24.2 kg/m 2 (SD3.6); mean SBP and diabetes prevalence at recruitment were both strongly related to BMI. During follow-up, there were 4112 cardiovascular deaths (2032 ischaemic heart disease, 832 stroke, and 1248 other). Cardiovascular mortality was positively associated with SBP (>=120 mmHg), diabetes, and BMI (>=22.5 kg/m 2 ): 20 mmHg higher usual SBP about doubled cardiovascular mortality (RR 2.02, 95%CI 1.88–2.18]), as did diabetes (2.15, 1.95–2.37), and 10 kg/m 2 higher usual BMI (1.92, 1.64–2.25). RR were similar in men and in women. The association with BMI and cardiovascular mortality was almost completely attenuated following adjustment for the mediating effect of SBP. Elevated SBP (>=120 mmHg), diabetes and raised BMI (>=22.5 kg/m 2 ) accounted for 27%, 14%, and 16% of cardiovascular deaths, respectively. Conclusions This large prospective study provides direct evidence for the effects of these major risk factors on cardiovascular mortality in Cuba. Despite comparatively low levels of these risk factors by international standards, the strength of their association with cardiovascular death means they nevertheless exert a substantial impact on premature mortality in Cuba.

Background The average age at which people start smoking has been decreasing in many countries, but insufficient evidence exists on the adult hazards of having started smoking in childhood and, especially, in early childhood. We aimed to investigate the association between smoking habits (focusing on the age when smokers started) and cause-specific premature mortality in a cohort of adults in Cuba. Methods For this prospective study, adults were recruited from five provinces in Cuba. Participants were interviewed (data collected included socioeconomic status, medical history, alcohol consumption, and smoking habits) and had their height, weight, and blood pressure measured. Participants were followed up until Jan 1, 2017 for cause-specific mortality; a subset was resurveyed in 2006-08. We used Cox regression to calculate adjusted rate ratios (RRs) for mortality at ages 30-69 years, comparing never-smokers with current smokers by age they started smoking and number of cigarettes smoked per day and with ex-smokers by the age at which they had quit. Findings Between Jan 1, 1996, and Nov 24, 2002, 146 556 adults were recruited into the study, of whom 118 840 participants aged 30-69 years at recruitment contributed to the main analyses. 27 264 (52%) of 5 2 5 24 men and 19 313 (29%) of 66 316 women were current smokers. Most participants reported smoking cigarettes; few smoked only cigars. About a third of current cigarette smokers had started before age 15 years. Compared with never-smokers, the all-cause mortality RR was highest in participants who had started smoking at ages 5-9 years (RR 2.51, 95% CI 2. 21-2. 85), followed by ages 10-14 years (1.83, 1. 72-1. 95), 15-19 years (1.56, 1. 46-1. 65), and ages 20 years or older (1.50, 1.39-1.62). Smoking accounted for a quarter of all premature deaths in this population, but quitting before about age 40 years avoided almost all of the excess mortality due to smoking. Interpretation In this cohort of adults in Cuba, starting to smoke in childhood was common and quitting was not. Starting in childhood approximately doubled the rate of premature death (ie, before age 70 years). If this 2-fold mortality RR continues into old age, about half of participants who start smoking before age 15 years and do not stop will eventually die of complications from their habit. The greatest risks were found among adults who began smoking before age 10 years. Copyright (C) 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Increased blood pressure is a leading risk factor for death worldwide, and improving the control of hypertension is a major health goal to reduce non-communicable disease. Thus, in 2016, as part of a regional effort between the Pan American Health Organization and Cuban Ministry of Public Health to reduce cardiovascular risk and disease, a community demonstration project was implemented to enhance hypertension control. The intervention project was in a population of 25 868 people served by the Carlos Verdugo Martinez Polyclinic in Matanzas, Cuba. The project implemented interventions currently recommended in the World Health Organization HEARTS modules, including a standardized clinical training program with certification for blood pressure measurement, routine screening for hypertension in clinics and in the community, a simple directive pharmacologic treatment algorithm, and a registry with performance reporting and feedback. Qualitative and quantitative program monitoring and evaluation was established. In a 2010 national survey, the prevalence of hypertension and the rate of hypertension control were estimated to be 31% and 36%, respectively. Following less than one year of the full implementation of the program, the prevalence of hypertension, proportion of the hypertensive population registered as having hypertension, proportion of those drug-treated who were controlled, and estimated population rate of control were 30%, 90%, 68%, and 58%, respectively. Based on these positive results, the program has been expanded to include another demonstration program initiated in a second region. In addition, preliminary efforts to disseminate and scale-up aspects of the program to the full Cuban population have started.

BACKGROUND:In Cuba, hypertension control in primary care has been prioritised as a cost-effective means of addressing premature death from cardiovascular disease. However, there is little evidence from large-scale studies on the prevalence and management of hypertension in Cuba, and no direct evidence of the expected benefit of such efforts on cardiovascular mortality. METHODS:In a prospective cohort study, adults in the general population identified via local family medical practices were interviewed between Jan 1, 1996, and Nov 24, 2002, in five areas of Cuba, and a subset of participants were resurveyed between July 14, 2006, and Oct 19, 2008, in one area. During household visits, blood pressure was measured and information obtained on diagnosis and treatment of hypertension. We calculated the prevalence of hypertension (systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg, or receiving treatment for hypertension) and the proportion of people with hypertension in whom it was diagnosed, treated, and controlled (systolic blood pressure <140 mm Hg, diastolic blood pressure <90 mm Hg). Deaths were identified through linkage by national identification numbers to the Cuban Public Health Ministry records, to Dec 31, 2016. We used Cox regression analysis to compare cardiovascular mortality between participants with versus without uncontrolled hypertension. Rate ratios (RRs) were used to estimate the fraction of cardiovascular deaths attributable to hypertension. FINDINGS:146 556 participants were interviewed in the baseline survey in 1996-2002 and 24 345 were interviewed in the resurvey in 2006-08. After exclusion for incomplete data and age outside the range of interest, 136 111 respondents aged 35-79 years (mean age 54 [SD 12] years; 75 947 [56%] women, 60 164 [44%] men) were eligible for inclusion in the analyses. 34% of participants had hypertension. Among these, 67% had a diagnosis of hypertension. 76% of participants with diagnosed hypertension were receiving treatment and blood pressure was controlled in 36% of those people. During 1·7 million person-years of follow-up there were 5707 cardiovascular deaths. In the age groups 35-59, 60-69, and 70-79 years, uncontrolled hypertension at baseline was associated with RRs of 2·15 (95% CI 1·88-2·46), 1·86 (1·69-2·05), and 1·41 (1·32-1·52), respectively, and accounted for around 20% of premature cardiovascular deaths. INTERPRETATION:In this Cuban population, a third of people had hypertension. Although levels of hypertension diagnosis and treatment were commensurate with those in some high-income countries, the proportion of participants whose blood pressure was controlled was low. As well as reducing hypertension prevalence, improvement in blood pressure control among people with diagnosed hypertension is required to prevent premature cardiovascular deaths in Cuba. FUNDING:Medical Research Council, British Heart Foundation, Cancer Research UK.

Cohort Profile: the Cuba Prospective Study Nurys Armas Rojas, Ben Lacey, Sarah Lewington,* Patricia Varona Pérez, Julie Ann Burrett, José Manuel Morales Rigau, Paul Sherliker, Jillian Boreham, Osvaldo Jesús Hernández López, Blake Thomson, Fernando Achiong Estupi~ nan, Mayda Dı́az González, Noel Rosquete Mu~ noz, Marelis Cendra Asencio, Jonathan Emberson, Richard Peto and Alfredo Due~ nas Herrera National Institute of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery, Havana, Cuba, Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK, MRC Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK, Institute of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Microbiology, Cuban Ministry of Public Health, Havana, Cuba, Provincial Centre of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Microbiology, Matanzas, Cuba, Municipal Centre of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Microbiology, Jagüey Grande, Matanzas, Cuba, Municipal Centre of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Microbiology, Colón, Matanzas, Cuba and Municipal Centre of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Microbiology, Camagüey, Camagüey, Cuba

Introducción: el homicidio, es la forma más extrema de resolución de los conflictos sociales entre las personas y los colectivos. En Cuba no constituye un problema de salud, pero por su importancia humana, social y judicial, se lleva una vigilancia sobre el tema. Objetivo: describir las principales características epidemiológicas en tiempo, espacio y personas, de los fallecidos por homicidio en la provincia de Matanzas. Materiales y Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo para caracterizar en tiempo, espacio y algunos aspectos personales, a los fallecidos por homicidio en la provincia de Matanzas durante los años 1989 al 2016. El universo y muestra estuvo conformado por los 802 fallecidos por esta causa durante el periodo analizado. Para el análisis de las variables se utilizaron tasas crudas por 100000 hab. Resultados: las tasas de mortalidad estuvieron entre 1,75 y 7,2 por 100000 habitantes. La mayor cantidad de fallecidos fue en edades jóvenes, entre varones, personas sin pareja estable y de color de la piel negra. Las las tasas resultaron ser más bajas que en otros países aunque con una ligera tendencia al incremento. Se comparan los resultados con otros países y se destaca la necesidad de mejorar el trabajo sobre todo a partir de la atención primaria Conclusiones: el homicidio aunque no constituye un problema de salud por sus cifras, requiere de un trabajo multidisciplinario e intersectorial para disminuir su incidencia sobre todo en aquellos grupos y municipios más vulnerables.

Alcoholism is a chronic behavioral disorder, characterized by excessive alcohol intake with respect to the community social and dietetic standards. Nowadays it is one of the main health problems at the world level. We carried out a cross-sectional analytical study, with the aim of quantifying the prevalence of alcoholic beverages consumption in persons aged 15 years and more, and its associated factors in the municipality of Matanzas, during 2011-2012. The universe was formed by the 112 348 inhabitants of Matanzas municipality in the age brackets from 15 to 74 years old. For choosing the sample we took into account the protocol of the Pan-American Health Organization project Group of Multifactor Actions for the Control of Nontransmissible Diseases. In each layer we included 220 persons, so the sample was formed by 2 640 persons. The variables studied as possible alcoholism-associated factors were: age, gender, occupation, smoking, arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cholesterol, waist perimeter, the habit of not having breakfast and the inadequate nutritional status. For the statistical analysis we used the risk approach in bivariate analysis, calculating the Odds ratio and confidence intervals in 95 %, and also the pvalue, considering a significant statistical association when p<0,05 and the OR confidence interval did not included value 1. Then, these significant variables were object of a multivariate analysis for obtaining the true associated variables, and also the confusing variables. The main obtained results were that alcoholism prevalence was 4,1 per each 100 persons, finding the higher prevalence (7,7) in the age group 45-54 years, and in male gender with 7,6. The main alcoholism-associated factors were: male gender, smoking, not having breakfast and inadequate waist index.

El alcoholismo es un trastorno conductual crónico, manifestado por excesiva ingestión de alcohol, respecto a normas sociales y dietéticas de la comunidad, y que acaban interfiriendo la salud o las funciones económicas y sociales del bebedor, constituyendo hoy uno de los principales problemas de salud a escala mundial. Se realizó un estudio analítico de tipo transversal, con el objetivo de cuantificar la prevalencia del consumo de bebidas alcohólicas en personas de 15 y más años de edad, y factores asociados al mismo en el municipio de Matanzas, durante los años 2011-2012. El universo estuvo constituido por los 112 348 habitantes del municipio, en las edades entre 15 y 74 años de edad. Para la selección de la muestra se tuvo en cuenta el protocolo del proyecto Conjunto de Acciones Multifactoriales para el Control de las Enfermedades no Transmisibles, de la Organización Panamericana de la Salud. En cada estrato se incluyeron 220 personas, por lo que la muestra quedó constituida por 2 640. Las variables estudiadas como posibles factores asociadas al alcoholismo fueron: edad, sexo, ocupación, tabaquismo, hipertensión arterial, diabetes mellitus, colesterol, perímetro de cintura, el hábito de no desayunar y el estado nutricional inadecuado. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó el enfoque de riesgo en análisis bivariado, con cálculo del Odds Ratio (OR) y sus intervalos de confianza a un 95 %, y también el valor de p, considerando una asociación estadística significativa cuando el mismo fuera p<0,05 y el intervalo de confianza del OR no incluyera el valor 1. Posteriormente, estas variables significativas fueron sometidas a un análisis multivariado para obtener las verdaderas variables asociadas, así como las variables confusoras. Los principales resultados obtenidos fueron que la prevalencia de alcoholismo fue de 4,1 por cada 100 personas, encontrando mayor prevalencia (7,7) en el grupo de 45 a 54 años, y en el sexo masculino con 7,6. Los principales factores asociados al alcoholismo fueron: el sexo masculino, el tabaquismo, no desayunar y el índice de cintura inadecuada.

La obesidad constituye uno de los problemas más comunes asociado al estilo de vida. Desde 1998 la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) considera la obesidad una epidemia global. En la infancia y adolescencia constituye el trastorno metabólico más frecuente, así como la principal enfermedad no declarable. En Cuba la prevalencia ha variado de 32% aun 42.6% según investigaciones nacionales. El municipio Matanzas en la última encuesta nacional de factores de riesgo en el 2001, la prevalencia fue de 40.4 por 100 habitantes. La presente investigación se realizó con el objetivo de determinar la prevalencia de sobrepeso e identificar los factores asociados al mismo en personas de 15 y más años de edad en la población del municipio Matanzas en el período 2009-2010. Para esto se realizó un estudio observacional analítico de tipo transversal. La muestra fue aleatoria estratificada por grupos de edad decenales por sexo, 2640 personas dieron su consentimiento para participar en el estudio y fueron encuestados. El análisis fue por la metodología para muestras complejas. Se utilizó el enfoque de riesgo en análisis bivariado, con cálculo de Odds Ratio con intervalos de confianza del 95%. Dentro de los principales resultados encontrados fueron: la prevalencia de sobrepeso fue de 54.9% por 100 personas, los factores asociados fueron: no practicar ejercicios físicos sistemáticos, el sexo, la escolaridad, edad, ocupación, antecedentes de hipertensión arterial, antecedentes de colesterol elevado y los antecedentes de diabetes mellitus.

Fundamento: la insuficiencia renal crónica es la pérdida gradual, progresiva e irreversible de las funciones renales. Las fórmulas más empleadas para su diagnóstico son las de Cockcroft-Gault y la Modificación de Dieta en la Enfermedad Renal. En Matanzas se habían utilizado en estudios poblacionales. Objetivos: calcular la prevalencia de la insuficiencia renal crónica en el municipio de Matanzas y comparar ambas fórmulas. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo de tipo transversal. Muestra 2 326 personas. Las variables utilizadas fueron edad, sexo, peso, talla, color de la piel y creatinina sérica. Se utilizaron los intervalos de confianza del 95 % para comparar las prevalencias por ambos métodos. Resultados: la prevalencia fue de 6,4 por 100 personas por Cockcroft-Gault y 5,0 por Modificación de Dieta en la Enfermedad Renal. Se incrementó directamente proporcional a la edad, el sexo femenino fue el más afectado, al igual que el color de piel blanca. No hubo diferencias significativas entre los datos de ambos métodos en el análisis de estas variables. La media de filtrado glomerular fue superior por la fórmula de Cockcroft-Gault. Igualmente por esta ecuación, fue superior la prevalencia en el grupo de 65 a 74 y en las personas con peso saludable. Conclusiones: se considera que ambos métodos son válidos para el cálculo de FG y por tanto para el diagnóstico de insuficiencia renal crónica, por su sencillez, y bajo costo, cuando se trabaja con grupos poblacionales grandes.Fundament: the chronic renal insufficiency is the gradual, progressive and irreversible lost of the renal functions. The Cockcroft-Gault and the Diet Modification in the renal disease formulas are the most used ones for its diagnosis. In Matanzas they had been used in population studies. Objectives: calculating the prevalence of the chronic renal insufficiency in the municipality of Matanzas and comparing both formulas. Methods: we carried out a cross-sectional descriptive research. The sample was composed by 2 326 persons. The used variables were age, genre, weight, size, skin color, and serum creatinine. We used the confidence intervals of 95 % to compare the prevalence of both methods. Results: the prevalence was 6,4 per 100 people for the Cockcroft-Gault, and 5,0 for the Diet Modification in the Renal Disease. There it was a direct increase in relation with age; the female genre was the most affected, and also the white skin color. There were not significant differences between the data of both methods in the analysis of these variables. The average of the glomerular filtrate was higher by means of the Cockcroft-Gault. Also the prevalence in the 65-74 age group and in the persons with healthy weight was higher for this equation. Conclusions: we consider that both methods are valid for calculating the glomerular filtrate and therefore for the diagnosis of the chronic renal insufficiency, because of its easiness and low cost, when working with big population groups.

Fundamento: la insuficiencia renal crónica es la pérdida gradual, progresiva e irreversible de las funciones renales. Las fórmulas más empleadas para su diagnóstico son las de Cockcroft-Gault y la Modificación de Dieta en la Enfermedad Renal. En Matanzas se habían utilizado en estudios poblacionales. Objetivos: calcular la prevalencia de la insuficiencia renal crónica en el municipio de Matanzas y comparar ambas fórmulas. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo de tipo transversal. Muestra 2 326 personas. Las variables utilizadas fueron edad, sexo, peso, talla, color de la piel y creatinina sérica. Se utilizaron los intervalos de confianza del 95 % para comparar las prevalencias por ambos métodos. Resultados: la prevalencia fue de 6,4 por 100 personas por Cockcroft-Gault y 5,0 por Modificación de Dieta en la Enfermedad Renal. Se incrementó directamente proporcional a la edad, el sexo femenino fue el más afectado, al igual que el color de piel blanca. No hubo diferencias significativas entre los datos de ambos métodos en el análisis de estas variables. La media de filtrado glomerular fue superior por la fórmula de Cockcroft-Gault. Igualmente por esta ecuación, fue superior la prevalencia en el grupo de 65 a 74 y en las personas con peso saludable. Conclusiones: se considera que ambos métodos son válidos para el cálculo de FG y por tanto para el diagnóstico de insuficiencia renal crónica, por su sencillez, y bajo costo, cuando se trabaja con grupos poblacionales grandes.

Fundament: the chronic renal insufficiency is the gradual, progressive and irreversible lost of the renal functions. The Cockcroft-Gault and the Diet Modification in the renal disease formulas are the most used ones for its diagnosis. In Matanzas they had been used in population studies. Objectives: calculating the prevalence of the chronic renal insufficiency in the municipality of Matanzas and comparing both formulas. Methods: we carried out a cross-sectional descriptive research. The sample was composed by 2 326 persons. The used variables were age, genre, weight, size, skin color, and serum creatinine. We used the confidence intervals of 95 % to compare the prevalence of both methods. Results: the prevalence was 6,4 per 100 people for the Cockcroft-Gault, and 5,0 for the Diet Modification in the Renal Disease. There it was a direct increase in relation with age; the female genre was the most affected, and also the white skin color. There were not significant differences between the data of both methods in the analysis of these variables. The average of the glomerular filtrate was higher by means of the Cockcroft-Gault. Also the prevalence in the 65-74 age group and in the persons with healthy weight was higher for this equation. Conclusions: we consider that both methods are valid for calculating the glomerular filtrate and therefore for the diagnosis of the chronic renal insufficiency, because of its easiness and low cost, when working with big population groups.

Se realizó un estudio clínico-epidemiológico con un diseño observacional de tipo descriptivo, con el objetivo de mostrar los resultados de la pandemia de influenza A H1N1 en la provincia de Matanzas, que abarca desde su comienzo el 25 de abril hasta el 31 de diciembre de 2009. Se realiza una estratificación de los casos de la enfermedad por los municipios y áreas de salud. Se muestra el acumulado de casos confirmados de la enfermedad por hospitales y grupos de riesgo y sexo. Se describen el total de fallecidos, las edades más frecuente afectadas, los ingresos hospitalarios y estudio de brotes en instituciones escolares. El total fue de 45 casos (11 importados y 34 autóctonos), llegándose a la conclusión de que la pandemia ha tenido un impacto de leve a moderado gracias al sistema de vigilancia epidemiológica en fronteras, la creación de los puestos de mando provincial y municipales con la participación de todos los organismos imbricados precedidos por la defensa civil, el aislamiento precoz e ingreso hospitalario o domiciliario de los casos sospechosos, la creación de consultas diferenciadas por infección respiratoria aguda en cuerpos de guardias, la implementación de estrategias educativas y de promoción a la comunidad, medidas tomadas del plan de enfrentamiento provincial realizado para esta entidad por todo el sistema de salud de la provincia.SUMMARY We made a clinic-epidemiologic study with an observational design of descriptive kind, with the objective of showing the results of the influenza A H1N1 pandemic in the province of Matanzas, covering since its beginnings on April 25 up to December 31, 2009. We made a case stratification by municipalities and health areas. We show the total of the confirmed cases by hospitals, risk groups and genre. We describe the total of diseases, the most frequently affected ages, the hospital admissions and the study of outbreaks in educational institutions. In total there were 45 cases (11 imported and 34 autochthon), arriving to the conclusion that the pandemic have had an impact from light to moderated thanks to the system of epidemiologic surveillance in the borders, the creation of the municipal and provincial directions points with the participation of all the implicated organizations, beginning with Civil Defence, the precocious isolation and home or hospital admission of the suspected cases, the creation of differentiated consultations for acute respiratory infections in the emergency departments, the implementation of educative and promotional strategies in the community, all of them measures taken from the coping provincial plan designed against this entity for all the provincial health system.