The tantalizing problem of the 'quenching' of the Coulomb sum rule observed in medium weight nuclei is investigated in light nuclei at high momentum transfer. Inclusive electron scattering cross sections for {sup 3,4}He have been measured in the quasielastic region at electron energies between 0.9 GeV and 4.3 GeV, and scattering angles of 15deg and 85deg. Longitudinal (R{sub L}) and transverse (R{sub T}) response functions have been extracted using a Rosenbluth separation at constant vertical strokeq vectorvertical stroke of 1.050 (GeV/c). The ratio of the longitudinal to the transverse reduced response functions in the negative y region reaches unity. The experimental Coulomb sum rule although with large uncertainty and conversly to the case of medium weight nuclei, saturates at high momentum to the He nucleus total charge namely Z=2. (orig.). INDEX TERMS: coulomb excitation; differential cross sections; electron spectra; electrons; experimental data; gev range 01-10;

Inclusive electron scattering cross sections for He-3, He-4 He have been measured in the quasielastic region at electron energies between 0.9 and 4.3 GeV, and scattering angles of 15-degrees and 85-degrees. Longitudinal (R(L)) and transverse (R(T)) response functions have been extracted using a Rosenbluth separation at constant \q\ of 1.050 GeV/c. The ratio of the longitudinal to the transverse reduced response functions in the negative y region reaches unity.

Nuclear structure functions are extracted for high-energy electron scattering from nuclei at large values of the kinematic variable x and Q2 in the range 1-4 (GeV/c)2. At the highest Q2, the data for x > 1 begin to display a scaling indicative of local duality.

Inclusive electron-scattering cross sections have been measured for Fe-56 in the quasielastic region at electron energies between 0.9 and 4.3 GeV, at scattering angles of 15-degrees and 85-degrees. Longitudinal and transverse response functions at a q of 1.14 GeV/c have been extracted using a Rosenbluth separation. The experimental Coulomb sum has been obtained with the aid of an extrapolation. The longitudinal response function, after correction for Coulomb distortion, is lower than quasifree-scattering-model predictions at the quasielastic peak and on the high-omega side.

Inclusive electron-scattering measurements of \ensuremath{\Delta} electroexcitation in nuclei are reported. Electrons with energies of 0.96, 1.1, 1.3, and 1.5 GeV were scattered from $^{1}\mathrm{H}$, $^{4}\mathrm{He}$, C Fe, and W at 37.5\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}, corresponding to ${Q}^{2}$=0.20--0.52 (GeV/c${)}^{2}$ at the \ensuremath{\Delta} peak. The centroid of the \ensuremath{\Delta}-region cross-section peak is above that for the free nucleon and it shifts to higher invariant mass as ${Q}^{2}$ increases. The A dependence in the dip region and ratios of nuclear to nucleon integrated cross sections indicate that at these ${Q}^{2}$ values there is little specifically nuclear, e.g., quasideuteron, background contribution.

The response function of nuclear matter is determined from experimental data on inclusive electron scattering from finite nuclei.Received 7 November 1988DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.40.1011©1989 American Physical Society

Measurements have been made of the differential cross section $\frac{{d}^{2}\ensuremath{\sigma}}{d\ensuremath{\Omega}\mathrm{dE}}$ for the scattering of ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}$ from $^{12}\mathrm{C}$ and $^{40,44,48}\mathrm{Ca}$ in the energy region corresponding to quasielastic scattering. Data were taken at incident energies and laboratory angles of 180 MeV, 60\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}, and 290 MeV, 60\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} and 120\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}. The results are compared to a free pion-nucleon cross-section model and to a model based on pion scattering from a Fermi gas of nucleons, which incorporates free pion-nucleon cross sections. Monte Carlo methods were used for the second model, and both single scattering and multiple scattering were allowed. Several qualitative features of the data are explained by the multiple scattering calculation, but not by the free cross-section model or the single scattering model.NUCLEAR REACTIONS Quasielastic scattering of ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}$ from $^{12}\mathrm{C}$ and $^{40,44,48}\mathrm{Ca}$ at 291 MeV, 60\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} and 120\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}, and 180 MeV, 60\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}. Model of data based on Monte Carlo calculation of scattering from Fermi gas of nucleons, with multiple scattering, using free pion-nucleon cross sections calculated from phase shifts.